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3 views

c Programming

Uploaded by

panthers82638
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

ARRAYS

IN C
Presented By : Raj Verma
1
INTRODUCTION TO ARRAYS
What is an Array?
• A data structure that stores multiple elements of
the same type in a contiguous memory block.
• Each element can be accessed using an index.
Why Arrays Are Important:
• Simplifies handling large amounts of related data.
• Crucial for efficient data organization and
manipulation.
int number[5];
Example:
C PROGRAMMING
2
KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF ARRAYS
Contiguous Memory Allocation: All elements are
stored in
adjacent memory locations.
Fixed Size: Declared size cannot be changed during
program execution.
Index-Based Access:
Elements number[2]
are accessed via their index (starting from
0).
Example: accesses the third
element. C PROGRAMMING
Homogeneous Elements: All elements must be of the
3
DECLARING AND INITIALIZING ARRAYS

Declaration Initialization
Syntax Methods
At the time of declaration
data_type
array_name[size]; int marks[5] = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
Example: int marks[5]; Assigning values later
marks[0] = 10;

C PROGRAMMING
4
ACCESSING ARRAY ELEMENTS

Accessing Modifying
•Elements
Use the array name Elements
marks[2] = 75;
and index to retrieve // Updates the third element
values. to Note:
75. Index starts at 0
• Example: marks[2]);
printf("%d",
and goes up to size - 1.
// Outputs the third
element

C PROGRAMMING
5
TYPES OF ARRAYS IN C

One-Dimensional Arrays Two-Dimensional


• Arrays
C PROGRAMMING

• Store data in a single row or Store data in a grid format


line. (rows and columns).
• Example: • Example:
int numbers[5];
int matrix[3][3];

Multi-Dimensional Arrays
Used for higher-dimensional
data (rarely needed).
6
LOOPING THROUGH ARRAYS
Why Loops Are Useful:
1
C PROGRAMMING

• Automatically access or modify all elements.

for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++)


Example with for Loop:
2
{ printf("%d ", marks[i]);
}
Tip: Nested loops are required for multi-dimensional arrays.
3
7
APPLICATIONS OF ARRAYS
Common Use Cases:
• Storing and processing lists (e.g., student
scores, product prices).
• Sorting and searching algorithms (e.g.,
bubble sort, binary search).
• Representing matrices in mathematical
operations.
• Storing strings (character arrays).
• Managing pixel data in graphics
programming.
C PROGRAMMING
8
ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF
•Advantages: ARRAYS
• Simplified code for managing large
datasets.
• Easy to iterate through elements.
• Memory-efficient for fixed-size data.
• Limitations:
• Fixed size: Cannot dynamically grow or
shrink.
• No built-in error handling for out-of-bound
access.
C PROGRAMMING
• Only one data type allowed per array.
9
COMMON ERRORS WITH ARRAYS
Out-of-Bounds Access:
Accessing an index beyond the declared
size causes
undefined behavior.
int arr[3];
• Example:arr[5] = 10; // Error!

Uninitialized Arrays:
Arrays not explicitly initialized may contain
garbage
C PROGRAMMING
values.
Incorrect Indexing: Forgetting the 0-based
10
CONCLUSION
Key Takeaways:
• Arrays are essential for managing
collections of homogeneous data.
• Provide efficient storage and access
mechanisms.
• Useful for algorithms, matrix operations,
and string manipulations.
Next Steps:
• Explore dynamic arrays and pointers to
arrays.
• Practice using arrays in real-world
C PROGRAMMING
scenarios for deeper understanding.
THANK
FOR YOUR
ATTENTION

YOU !

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