GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

SALEM-636 011
18CE702 - DESIGN PROJECT

PLANNING, ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

OF AN ORPHANAGE BUILDING

PROJECT GUIDE : PROJECT MEMBERS :

B. NITHYASHRI - 61772111065
Dr. S. DEVI S. PADMAJAA - 61772111068
V. POOVARASAN - 61772111071
S. SEENUVASAN - 61772111088
CONTENT:
 CODES AND SOFTWARE USED
 DETAILING OF THE BUILDING
 LIST OF JOINERIES
 GROUND FLOOR PLAN
 FIRST FLOOR PLAN
 SECOND FLOOR PLAN
 COLUMN LAYOUT
 BEAM LAYOUT
 ELEVATION
 ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE
 STAAD Pro RESULTS
 MANUAL CALCULATIONS
CODES AND SOFTWARE USED :

Software used :
AutoCAD and STAAD PRO
Codes used :
1. The building was designed by limit state method by using IS 456:2000
2. IS 875:1987 for dead load, live load, wind load calculation.
3. SP 16 for structural reinforcement design.
4. NATIONAL BUILDING CODE for structural design requirements.
DETAILING OF THE BUILDING :
TOTAL AREA 528.684 m2

NO.OF FLOORS 02

WALL THICKNESS 230 mm

GRADE OF CONCRETE M30

GRADE OF STEEL Fe 500 - HYSD BARS

LIFT PROVISION PROVIDED

RAMP CUM STEPS 1:12

LIST OF JOINERIES :

CONTENT DESCRIPTION (mm)

MAIN DOOR 1600× 2100 (TWO LEEVES )

DOOR (D1) 1000 × 2100

DOOR (D2) 750 × 2100

WINDOW 1000 × 1200

VENTILATOR 610 × 610

 AUTO CAD PLANS :

2 D drafting using AUTO CAD software is done

CALCULATION FOR SIZE OF COLUMN SELECTION :

• Number of storey: G+2 LOAD ON FLOOR SLAB:

• Floor height: 3m
• Beam size: 230x350mm Self weight= 3.75 KN/m2
• Wall thickness: 230mm Total load = 3.75 + 3 +1
• Slab thickness: 150mm =7.75 x 1.5
• Floor finish: 1kN/m2 =11.63 kN/m2
• Weathering course : 0.8 kN/m2
LOAD ON BEAM:

LOAD ON ROOF SLAB: Self weight= 0.23x 0.35 x 25

= 2.013 x 0.15
Self weight= 0.15 x 25 = 3.019kN/m
=3.75 KN/m2
Live load = 1.5kN/m2 LOAD ON WALL:
Total load = 3.75 + 1.5 + 1 + 0.8
= 7.05 x 1.5 Height of wall= 3 - 0.35 = 2.65m
= 10.58 kN/m2 Self weight = 0.23 x 2.65 x 20
= 12.19 x 1.5 = 18.285 kN/m
LOAD FROM ROOF TO 1ST FLOOR: TOTAL SELF WEIGHT OF COLUMN:

Roof = 10.58 x 13.38= 141.56 kN =0.23 X 0.23 X 7.6 X 25

Beam = 3.019 x 7.316= 22.087 kN =10.05kN
Wall = 18.285 x 7.316= 133.773 kN
Total load = 297.42 Kn TOTAL LOAD = 641.026 kN

LOAD FROM 1ST FLOOR TP PLINTH: As per IS 456,

1% of reinforcement is considered,
Floor = 11.63 x 13.38 = 155.609 kN
Beam= 3.019 x 7.316 = 22.087 kN Pu = 0.4fckAc + 0.67fyAsc
Wall = 18.285 x 7.316 = 133.773 kN 641.026 x 1000= 0.4 x 25 x 0.99Ag
Total load = 311.469 kN + 0.67 x 415 x
0.01Ag
LOAD TRANSFERRED BETWEEN Ag= 50552.108 mm2
PLINTH BEAM AND FOOTING :
DIMENSION OF THE COLUMN
Beam = 3.019 x 7.316 = 22.087 kN =50552.108
= 224.84 mm
N
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
 The building is analysed with the help of STAAD Pro software.

 The following are the STAAD Pro outputs of our building .

 STAAD Pro also includes a load generator that can create and apply different load
cases and combinations.
RENDERED VIEW
BUILDING FRAME MODEL
DEAD LOAD
LIVE LOAD
LOAD COMBINATION
WIND LOAD
PLATE STRESS
MAXIMUM VALUES
RESULTS
 DESIGN OF ONE WAY SLAB :
DESIGN OF SLAB: Assume clear cover = 20 mm
Effective depth along X direction
3658 X 7545 mm
dx = 175 mm
lx = 3658 mm, ly = 7545 mm
Effective depth along Y direction
fck = M20, Fy = 415 N/mm2
dy = 165 mm
STEP:1 TYPE OF SLAB
STEP:3 EFFECTIVE SPAN
Lx = 3658 mm, Ly = 7545 mm
Along shorter span
- = 2.06 > 2
Effective span along X direction lx = 3858 mm
It is one way slab
Along longer span
STEP:2 EFFECTIVE DEPTH
Effective span along Y direction ly = 7745 mm
Depth of slab is fixed based on ratio
STEP:4 LOAD CALCULATION
( ) = ( )basic
Self weight of slab = 5 Kn/m2
( ) = 20 , = 20
Total load W = L.L + Self weight + Floor finish
D = 200 mm
= 3 + 5 + 1 = 9 KN/m2
Ultimate load, Wu = 9 X 1.5= 13.5 KN/m2
STEP:5 BENDING MOMENT For distribution reinforcement
Mu = = Spacing of bars = X 1000 = 297 mm
= 25.117 KNm Provide
STEP:6 CHECK FOR Mu AND Mulim Main bar =12 mm dia @ 400 mm c/c spacing
Mulim = 0.138 fckbd2 Distribution bar = 10 mm dia @ 300 mm c/c spacing
= 0.138 X 20 X1000 X 2002
STEP:8 CHECK FOR SHEAR
Mulim = 110.4 kNm
Nominal shear τv =
STEP:7 AREA OF MAIN V = = 0.0302 N/mm2
REINFORCEMENT : Permissible shear K= 1.15 = = 0.18 %
Mu= 0.87 X fy X Ast X d (1- ) τc = 0.065 N/mm2 τc X k = 0.065 X 1.15= 0.07 N/mm2
25.117 X 106 = 0.87 X 415 X Ast X 200

Ast = 360.85 mm2 STEP:9 CHECK FOR DEFLECTION :

Ast min = x 1000 x 220= 264 mm2 ( ) max = 20 kt
, k =1
= 1.7 , c ( ) max = 20 x 1.7 x 1 = 34

Spacing of bars = X 1000 = 313 mm ( ) actual = = 18. HENCE SAFE.

 DESIGN OF TWO-WAY SLAB:
DESIGN OF SLAB: Effective depth along X direction , dx = 125 mm
3658 X 6326 mm Effective depth along Y direction , dy = 115 mm
lx = 3658 mm, ly = 6326 mm
STEP:3 EFFECTIVE SPAN
Fck = M20, Fy = 415 N/mm2
Along shorter span: Effective span along X dir, lx = 3808 mm
STEP:1 TYPE OF SLAB
Along longer span: Effective span along Y dir, ly = 6476 mm
- = 1.72 < 2
It is two way slab STEP:4 LOAD CALCULATION
STEP:2 EFFECTIVE DEPTH Self weight of slab = 3.75 KN/m2

Depth of slab is fixed based on ratio Total load W = L.L + Self weight + Floor finish

( ) – ( )basic = 3 + 3.375 + 1= 7.75 KN/m2

Ultimate load, Wu = 7.75 X 1.5 = 11.625 KN/m2
()-
STEP:5 BENDING MOMENT
D = 150 mm
Mx = αx X w X lx2 , My = αy X w X lx2
Mx = 11.79 kNm
Assume clear cover = 20 mm
My = 25.58 kNm
STEP:6 REINFORCEMENT DETAILS STEP:7 CHECK FOR SHEAR
For shorter span Nominal shear , τv =
Mulim = 43.125 kNm Vu = 21.262 kN
Mu < Mulim Under reinforced τv = = 0.17 N/mm2
Ast = 268.44mm2 Permissible shear
Spacing of bar = X 1000= 292 mm Overall depth = 230 mm, K= 1.15
Provide main bar 10 mm dia @ 300 mm c/c spacing τc = 0.672 N/mm2
For longer span τc X k = 0.672 X 1.15= 0.772 N/mm2

Mulim = 0.138 X 20 X 1000 X 115 2 τv < k X τc 0.17 < 0.772

Mulim = 36.50 kNm Slab is safe in shear

Mu < Mulim Under reinforced STEP:8 CHECK FOR DEFLECTION

Ast = 659.58 mm2 ( )max = ( )basic X kt X kc X kf= 35

Spacing of bar = X 1000 ( )actual = = 29.26

=119 ≈ 120 mm ( )max < ( )max
Provide main bar 10 mm dia @ 120 mm c/c spacing HENCE SAFE
STEP:9 TORSIONAL REINFORCEMENT
Area of reinforcement = X 268.44
= 201.33 mm2
Distance over which torsion reinforced
provided = shorter span
= X 3658
= 800 mm
Spacing of bar = X 1000 = 150 mm

Provide 6mm dia bar @150mm spacing c/c

 DESIGN OF BEAM
GIVEN DATA: Step 3:
Overall Size of Beam (b x D) = 230mm x 350mm Mu(limit) = 0.36 Xumax/d 1-(0.42) Xumax /dfckxbd²
Factored Moment (Mu) = 113.507 knm = 0.36x20x0.46x[1-0.42x0.46]x230x3102
Grade Of Concrete, fck = M20 = 20 N/mm2 = 88.593 kNm
Grade Of Steel, fy = Fe 415 = 415 N/mm2
Step 4: Check: Mu =113.507 KNm
Effective Cover, d = 40mm
Mulim = 88.593 KNm
Step 1:
Mu > Mulim
Effective Depth = D - dc
Hence, it is Doubly Reinforced Beam.
= 350-40 Step 5:
d = 310mm Mu(limit) = 0.36 Xumax/d 1-(0.42) Xumax/d  fck x bd²
Step-2: 88.593x106= 0.36 x 20 x 0.46 x 0.8068 x 230 x d2
Mu = 113.507kN d=310mm
Mu = 113.507 x 106 D = d + dc =310+40 =350mm
Hence, it is Safe.
Step:6 [Tensional Reinforcement]
Assume Diameter of bars as 20 mm
Ast = Astlim + Ast2 Number of Bars = 618.213 = 2

Astlim = 981.08 mm² 314.15

Provide 2 bars of 20 mm diameter as
MU2 = Mu - Mulim =113.507 – 88.593
Compression Reinforcement
=24.914 KNm
Ast2 = 275.89 mm²
Ast = Astlim + Ast2 = 981.08+618.213
=1256.97 mm²
Assume Diameter of bars as 20 mm
Number of Bars = 4
Provide 4 bars of 20 mm diameter as
tension Reinforcement.
Step 7: [ compression reinforcement]
Asc = MU2 =618.213mm²
[fsc[d-dc]]
 DESIGN OF STAIRCASE
Tread T =300mm Assume cover thickness=25mm

Rise R =150mm d=200-25 = 175mm

Height of flight H =h/2 =3000/2 =1500mm LOAD CALCULATION :

Fck =30 N/mm2 W3 = bxDX25

Number of riser =1500/50 =10 =1X0.2X25 =5KN/m^2

Number of tread =No of riser-1 =10-1 = 9 Self weight of horizontal span = Ws√(R^2+T^2)/T

Total length of stair flight = 9x300 =2700mm =5.59KN/m^2

Width of landing = 3658-2700 =958mm Load on steps /metre length = one step/ T
= 0.562/0.3 =1.875kn/m2
Depth of staircase
One step = ½ x R x T x 25 = ½ x 0.15 x0.3 x 25
Span =(n x t) + width of landing + wall support/2
= 0.562kn/m2
=(9 x 300)+958+230/2 = 3773
Floor finish = 1kn/m2 , Live load = 5kn/m2
D=SPAN/20=3773/20=188.65=200mm
Total load(w) =13.47/m2
Total factorial Load(Wu) =1.5 x 13.47 =20.21kn/m2
 BENDING MOMENT
Use 12mm dia bars
Mu =Wul^2/8 =35.9kn-m
Spacing =250mm
Limiting moment
Provide 12mm Φ @ 250mm c/c
Mu lim = 0.138 fckxbxd^2
DISTRIBUTION BARS
=126.78KN-M
REINFORCEMENT DETAILS Ast = 0.12% of cross area
Ast =0.12% x b x D= 240 mm2
MAIN BASE
Use 8 mm bar, Spacing = 210mm
Mu = 0.87 fyAstd(1-fy Ast/bd fck)
Provide 8mm Φ @ 210mm c/c
Ast = 494.92mm2
 DESIGN OF COLUMN
Size of column = 300 x 300mm Pu = 0.40 fck Ac + 0.67 fy Asc

Fck =20 Asc = 9029.735mm2

Fy =415 Main longitudinal reinforcement

Pt =2.5%
Ht of column(H) =3m
Ast =2.5 x 300 x300 /100
Factored load (Pu) =3158.48Kn
=2250mm2
SLENDERNESS RATIO
Provide 20mm dia bars
L/D = 3000/300 = 10<12
No of bars = 2250 x 4 /π x 20^2
Hence the column is designed as short column =7.2 = 8nos
LONGITUDINAL REINFORCEMENT LATERAL TIES
Gross area of the Diameter of ties shall be not less than
column section (Ag) = 300 X 300= 90000mm 1 ) 5mm
Area of steel =Asc 2 ) ¼ diameter of the larger size bar = (1/4) x 30
Area of concrete Ac =(90000-Asc)mm2 =7.5mm
Provide 8mm dia ties
SPACING OF LATERAL TIES
The pitch of transverse reinforcement shall
be not more than the least of the following
distances:
1 ) The least actual dimension of the
compression member = 300mm
2 ) Sixteen times the smallest diameter of
the longitudinal reinforcement bar to be ties
=16 x 20 = 380mm
3) 300mm

Provide 8mm dia lateral ties @ 300mm c/c

 DESIGN OF FOOTING
Pu = 585.68 kN​ STEP 2 : NET UPWARD PRESSURE
SBC = 200 kN/ m2 Wu = Axial load / Area of footing
​Fck = 20 = 585.68 / 1.8 x 1. = 180.76 kN/m2
Fy ​ = 415​ STEP 3 : DEPTH OF FOOTING
Size = 300 x 300 mm The max BM acts at the face of the
​​ column and is given by
STEP 1 : AREA OF FOOTING
​ BM = ( Wu × B )/8 x (B-b )^2
= Total load /SBC
= 180.76 ×1.8 /8 × (1.8 -0.3 )^2
​= 429.504 / 200
= 91.5 kN-m
=​ 3.22 m2 Depth (d) required for the section
​
​Total load = 585.68 + 10% of P Mu =0.138 fck b d ^2
​ = 585.68+58.568 137.37 × 10 ^6 = 0.138 × 20 × 1800 ×
​ = 644.255 Kn d^2 d=
​For square footing , 170 mm
​A= B 2 Due to shear consideration,
B​ =  A = 3.22 Provide 400 mm as a effective depth.
​ = 1.8 m Assume , Cover = 50 mm
Provide square footing of size 1.8m x 1.8m Effective depth (d) = 400 mm
​​ Overall depth (D) =450 mm
​
STEP 4 : CALCULATION OF AREA OF Ultimate shear force (Vu)
STEEL Vu = 1.5 x 113.88 = 170.82 kn
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast(d - fy Ast / fck b ) Nominal shear strength(v)
Ast = 978.059 mm^2 v = Vu/Bd = 170.82 x 103 / 1800 x 400
% of steel = Ast /b×d ×100 = 0.237 N/mm2
=0.136 % Shear strength of concrete(c)
Min reinforcement is 0.12 % c = K. c
Hence ok K=1, because depth > 300mm
Use 12 mm dia bar at both sides For P = 0.136 %
No .of bar = 9 nos =0.237 < 0.28 N/mm^2
Spacing = 1800 /9 = 200 mm Check for depth
Provide 9 nos of 12 mm dia bars @ 200 mm Vu/Bd = K c
c/c spacing d = Vu/B K c
STEP 5 : CHECK FOR 1 WAY SHEAR d = 170.82 × 10^ 3 / 1800 × 1 × 0.28
For 1 way shear ,critical section is located at = 339 mm
distance d from the face of column Depth required for safe in shear is 339 mm
Shear force ,V Depth required < Depth provided
V= Wu × B ( B-b /2 -d ) 339 mm < 400 mm
= 180.76 ×1.8 (1.8 -0.3 /2 -0.4 ) Hence safe
=113.88 kN
STEP 6 : CHECK FOR 2 WAY SHEAR
For 2 way shear ( punching shear ) the
section lies @ a distance of d/2 from the
column all around.
The width, bo = 300 + 400 /2 + 400 /2
bo = 700 mm
Now Net SF acting on the perimeter
F = Wu [B^2 - bo^2]
= 180.76 [1.8^2 - 0.7 ^2]
= 497.09 kN
Fu = 1.5 × 497.09 = 745.635 kN
From IS 456:200,
v = Fu/4 bo d = 0.67 N/mm^2
Now permissible shear stress =ks c
ks = 0.5 + c = 0.5 +1 =1.5
ks = 1 (max)
c=0.25fck = 0.25 20 = 1.11 N/mm2
ks c = 1.11 x 1 = N/mm2
v < c
0.67 N/mm2 < 1.11 N/mm2
Hence safe.
THANK YOU..