ICEBERG PHENOMENON OF DISEASE , CULTURAL FACTORS AND

ICEBERG PHENOMENON OF
DISEASE , CULTURAL FACTORS AND

MULTIPLE CAUSES OF DISEASE
Presented by
Kripa K M
INTRODUCTION
Health is a multi-faceted and dynamic concept that encompasses

physical, mental and social well being. It is a vital aspect of human life
influencing our quality of life, relationships and overall happiness.
understanding the basics of health is essential for individuals
communities and Societies to promote healthy living, prevent diseases
and ensure optimal well being.
ICEBERG PHENONMENON OF DISEASE
Iceberg phenomenon of diseases gives a picture of the spectrum of disease in a

community . The visible part of the Iceberg denotes the clinically apparent cases of
disease in the community. The Iceberg phenomenon applies to various diseases,
including infectious, chronic and mental health disorders. This phenomenon has
far reaching implications for public health. healthcare systems and individuals. It
emphasizes the need for early detection, intervention and prevention strategies to
address the underlying issues. The Iceberg phenomenon is attributed to various
factors including lack of awareness, limited access to healthcare, stigma and
inadequate Diagnostic tools.
USES OF ICEBERG CONCEPT
The iceberg concept also known as the iceberg principle , has various uses in
different fields , including :
Social work
The Iceberg concept understand social issues. The visible part represents surface
level problems ,while the hidden part represents underlying systematic issues such
as structural inequalities, power dynamics and cultural norms.
Psychology
The Iceberg concept helps to understand human behaviour, emotions and
motivations. The visible part represents conscious thoughts and feelings, while the
hidden part represents subconscious thoughts and feelings.
Healthcare
The Iceberg concept helps to understand chronic diseases. The visible part
represents symptoms while the hidden part represents underlying causes such as
Lifestyle factors environmental influences and genetic predispositions.
Research
The Iceberg concept identifies biases and assumptions. The visible part represents
explicit data, while the hidden part represents implicit biases such as: sampling
biases measurement errors and interpretation biases.
CULTURAL FACTORS IN HEALTH AND
DISEASE
The influence of culture on health is vast. It affects perceptions of

health,illness and death, beliefs about causes of disease and the major
elements of culture are material culture, language , education , religion,
attittudes and social organisations. It encompasses the set of beliefs ,
moral values , traditions and laws.
Cultural factors play a significant role in health and disease , influencing:
 Health beliefs
Cultural backgrounds shapes individuals understanding of health , illness and

treatment options.
 Traditional medicine
Cultural practice involve traditional healing method ,such as acupuncture or herbal

remedies.
 Spirituality and religion
Cultural background influences the role of spirituality and religion in healthcare.

Some cultures may view health as a spiritual issue rather than a medicial one.
 Disease prevention
Cultural practices impact preventive measures, such as diet, exercise and

vaccination.
 Pain perception
Cultural background affects pain tolerance and expression. For example, some
cultures may be more expressive about pain , while others may be more stoic.
 Nutrition and diet
Cultural practices influence food choices, eating habits and nutrition. Some
cultures may emphasize nutrients or food groups for health promotion.
MULTIPLE CAUSES OF DISEASE
The concept of multiple causes of disease, also known as multifactorial or

multicausal diseases , suggests that most diseases result from the interplay of
various factors. Disease are often the result of multiple causes , a complex
interplay of genetic, environmental, lifestyle, social, biological and
nutritional factors.
FACTORS INFLUENCING DISEASES
 Genetic factors
Inherited traits or genetic mutations can increase the risk of developing certain
diseases. Understanding genetic factors can help with early detection and
prevention.
 Environmental factors
External factors like air pollution, radiation and toxins can contribute to disease
development.
 Lifestyle factors
Personal choices like diet, physical activity and smoking can impact healthy
outcomes. Unhealthy habbits can increase disease, risk and worsen healthy
outcomes.
 Psychological factors
Stress , mental health and coping mechanism can impact physical health. This
factors can affect disease risk, progression and response to treatment .
 Physiological factors
Hormonal imbalances and organ dyfunction can contribute to disease. Addressing

physiological factors can reduce health disparities.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion , the basic concepts in health, including the iceberg

phenomenon of diseases, cultural factors in health and disease and the
multiple causes of disease are fundamental principle that underscore
the complexity of health and illness. Understanding these concepts is
crucial for delivering effective, equtiable and patient centered care.
THANK YOU

ICEBERG PHENOMENON OF DISEASE , CULTURAL FACTORS AND

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ICEBERG PHENOMENON OF DISEASE , CULTURAL FACTORS AND

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

ICEBERG PHENOMENON OF DISEASE , CULTURAL FACTORS AND

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ICEBERG PHENOMENON OF

DISEASE , CULTURAL FACTORS AND

Health is a multi-faceted and dynamic concept that encompasses

Iceberg phenomenon of diseases gives a picture of the spectrum of disease in a

The influence of culture on health is vast. It affects perceptions of

Cultural backgrounds shapes individuals understanding of health , illness and

Cultural practice involve traditional healing method ,such as acupuncture or herbal

 Spirituality and religion

Cultural background influences the role of spirituality and religion in healthcare.

Cultural practices impact preventive measures, such as diet, exercise and

 Nutrition and diet

The concept of multiple causes of disease, also known as multifactorial or

Hormonal imbalances and organ dyfunction can contribute to disease. Addressing

In conclusion , the basic concepts in health, including the iceberg

You might also like