N.

G
INTERNATIONAL
SCHOOL,
MEHSANA

Chemistry Project

Class : 11th science

Topic : To analyze some fruit juices for the contents
present in them
Roll no. : 32
Session : 2022 – 2023

Submitted by : Submitted to :
Riddhi Gupta Mrs. Nishi Singh
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Riddhi Gupta of 11th

science has successfully completed her
project on the topic , “ to analyze some
fruit juice for the contents presents in
them ’’ under the guidance of Mrs. Nishi
Singh , during the academic year 2022-
2023 in partial fulfillment of Chemistry
project / practical examination conducted
by SSC / SSCE , CBSE , New Delhi .
She has taken proper care and shown
utmost sincerity in the completion of this
project .

I certify that this project is up to my

expectation and as per the guidelines
issued by CBSE
ACKNOWLEDGE
MENT
 I would like to express my special
thanks of gratitude to my Principal
Sir , Mr. Christu Raj Gabriel as well as
my chemistry teacher Mrs. Nishi
Singh , who gave me the golden
opportunity to do this wonderful
project on the topic ; To analyze some
fruit juice for the content presents in
them . Which also helped me in doing
a lot of research and knowing many
new things . I am really thankful to
them .

Secondly , I would like to thank my

parents and friends who helped me a
lot in finalizing this project within the
limited time frame
 INDEX

Sr no. Content pg no.

1 Aim 5
2 Test for acidity 11
3 Test for starch 16
4 Test for 20
carbohydrates
5 Test for calcium 23
6 Benefits of 26
juices
7 Conclusion 30
 AIM
 To Analyze some fruits
juices for the content
present in them . Fruits
are always a part of
balance diet. That
means fruits provide our
body the essential
nutrients , I .e , starch ,
carbohydrates , iron ,
and calcium and test
for acidity.
 COMPONENTS

 Test Tubes
 Burner
 Litmus Paper
 Various Fruit Juices
CHEMICAL
REQUIRMENT
 Ph indicator
 Iodine solution
 Fehling solution ( A and B )
 Ammonium Chloride
solution
 Ammonium Hydroxide
solution
 Ammonium Oxalate solution
 Potassium Sulphocynide
solution
FRUITS

Orange Apple

Pomegranate Guava
An Experiment
With Fruit Juices
 Fruit Juices are generally
consumed by most of the
people in the world or we
can say they are the most
consumed drinking items
all over world . But did we
know about their effects on
our body .
Different Tests
Performed
 Test for acidity
 Test for starch
 Test for carbohydrates
 Test for calcium
Test for acidity
 Take 5 ml of juice in a test
tube and dip a test tube
and a ph paper in it .If ph is
less than 7, the juice is
acidic
The Ph Scale
 The ph scale is a scale which
measures how acidic or basic
a substance is ?
 The ph scale range from o
to 14 in which :
 A ph of 7 is neutral
( ex : pure water )
 A ph less than 7 is acidic
( ex : HCl )
 A ph greater than 7 is basic
( ex : baking soda )
 OBSERVATION

The table below shows the type and ph

value of the most commonly used fruit
juices .

Most of juices are acidic in

nature .

Name of juices Ph value

Orange juice 2.8 – 4
Apple juice 3 – 4.5
Pomegranate juice 3.5 - 4
Guava juice 3.4 - 4
 RESULT
 After conducting several
tests , it was concluded that
the different types of fruit
juices namely , lemon
juice , orange juice , apple
juice , pomegranate juice
and guava juice all are
acidic in nature
 Reason of acidity : Fruit
juices are generally acidic
in nature because of
presence of CITRIC ACID
and PHOSPHONIC ACID .
Ph values of juices of
different types of different
due to the variation in
amount of acidic contents .
 Test for starch
 Take 2ml of juice in a test
tube and add few drops of
iodine solution . It turns
blue black in color , then
the starch is present
 STARCH
 Starch or amylum is a
polymeric carbohydrate
consisting of numerous glucose
units joined by glycosidic
bonds. This polysaccharide is
produced by most green plants
for energy storage. Worldwide,
it is the most common
carbohydrate in human diets,
and is contained in large
amounts in staple foods such
as wheat, potatoes, maize
(corn), rice, and cassava .
 Pure starch is a white, tasteless
and odorless powder that is
insoluble in cold water or alcohol.
It consists of two types of
molecules: the linear and helical
amylose and the branched
amylopectin. Depending on the
plant, starch generally contains
20 to 25% amylose and 75 to
80% amylopectin by weight.
Glycogen, the energy reserve of
animals, is a more highly
branched version of amylopectin.
 OBSERVATION

Name of juice Observation Inference

Orange juice No blue black Starch is
colour absent
Apple juice No blue black Starch is
color absent
Pomegranate Blue black color Starch is
juice present
Guava juice Blue black color Starch is
present
 Test for
carbohydrates
 Take 2ml of juice and 1ml
of Fehling solution ( A and
B ) and boil it . Red
precipitates indicates the
presence of producing
sugar like maltose, glucose
, fructose and lactose .
CARBOHYDRATES
 In organic chemistry, a carbohydrate
is a bimolecular consisting of carbon
(C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O)
atoms, usually with a hydrogen oxygen
atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water) and thus
with the empirical formula
Cm(H2O)n (where m may or may not be
different from n). Some exceptions
exists ; for example , deoxyribose , a
sugar component of DNA , has the
empherical formula C5H10O4 .
Carbohydrates are technically hydrates
of carbon ; structurally it is more
accurate to view them as polyhydroxy
aldehydes and ketons
 OBSERVATIONS

Name of juice Observation Inference

Orange juice Red precipitate Carbohydrates
is present
Apple juice Red precipitate Carbohydrates
is present
Pomegranate Red precipitate Carbohydrates
juice is present
Guava juice No Red Carbohydrates
precipitate is not present
Test for Calcium
 Take 2ml of juice , add
Ammonium hydroxide
solution . Filter the solution
and to the filtrate add 2ml
of Ammonium oxalate
solution . White ppt or
milkiness indicates the
presence of calcium
 CALCIUM
 Calcium is a chemical element with the
symbol Ca and atomic number 20. Calcium
is the most abundant metal and the fifth-
most abundant element in the human body.
[5]
As electrolytes, calcium ions (Ca2+) play a
vital role in the physiological and
biochemical processes of organisms and
cells: in signal transduction pathways where
they act as a second messenger; in
neurotransmitter release from neurons; in
contraction of all muscle cell types; as
cofactors in many enzymes; and in
fertilization.[5] Calcium ions outside cells are
important for maintaining the
potential difference across excitable
cell membranes, protein synthesis, and
bone formation.
 OBSERVATION

Name of juice Observation Inference

Orange juice White ppt Calcium is
present
Apple juice White ppt Calcium is
present
Pomegranate White ppt Calcium is
juice present
Guava juice White ppt Calcium is
absent
Health Benefits Of
Orange Juice
 Maintains the BP levels
 Promotes the immune system
 Contains healing properties
 Prevents cancer
 Benefits for treating and
preventing ulcers
 Prevents kidney stone
 Assists in weight loss
 Reduces risks of heart attacks
 Treats anemia
Makes the skin beautiful and
young looking
Health Benefits Of
Apple Juice
 Promotes heart health
 Prevent asthma
 Cleanses liver
 Reduces cholesterol
 Makes the bones strong and
healthy
 Boosts immune system
 Prevents cancer
 Offers a solution for
constipation
 Improves eye health
Health Benefits Of
Guava Juice
 Immunity booster
 Lowers risk of cancer
 Diabetes friendly
 Treats constipation
 Improve eyesight
 Beats toothache
 Stress buster
 Weight loss
 Cough and cold
 Improves complexion
Health Benefits Of
Pomegranate juice
 Improves your heart healthy
 Maintains our blood sugar
level
 Maintains our blood pressure
 Reduces risk of cancer
 Boost our immunity
 Prevents anemia
 Helps with digestion
 Helps in healing scars
 Excellent anti aging agent
 CONCLUSION
 All of us know that fruits are the
best source of all type of nutrients
and vitamins that are necessary for
proper growth of our body and
mind
 We should eat fruits regularly to
make a balance required nutrients
in our body but we should not
exceed the limits . We should drink
fruit juice from good quality shops
only which uses good quality of
fruits otherwise they can lead to
many harmful diseases.
 We should eat raw fruits for
good health