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Data Flow Presentation

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12 views22 pages

Data Flow Presentation

Uploaded by

meronmcpherson3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Data Flow

Data Flow Diagrams (DFD)


• Data flow model (Data Flow Diagrams (DFD)): this is a graphical
depiction of data processes, data flows (data that move in the system
from one place to another), and data stores in a business system. By
using DFDs the systems analyst can create a pictorial depiction of
processes that will eventually provide solid system documentation.
Symbols of data flow diagram
• The square is used to depict an external entity (another department, a
business, a person or a machine) that can send data to or receive data from
the system.

• The arrow shows movement of data from one point to another,


with the head of the arrow pointing toward the data’s destination.
Data flows occurring simultaneously can be depicted doing just that
through the use of parallel arrows. Because an arrow represents
data about a person, place or thing, it too should be described with a
noun.
• A rectangle with rounded corners/Circle is used to show the
occurrence of a transforming process. Processes always denote a
change in or transformation of data, hence the data flow leaving a
process is always labelled differently than the one entering it. A
process must also be given a unique identifying number indicating its
level in the
DFD/Context diagram shapes
• External Entity (Source or Sink): sources, origin Entity
or destinations of data. They are referred to as name
external entities as they are outside the system.
We are only interested in how data flows in to
or from the system to them.

• Data Flow: movement of data. E.g. Result of a


query to a database, contents of a printed data name
report : data that moves together to common
destinations
• The open-ended rectangle represents a data store. The data store
• may represent a manual store, such as a filing cabinet, or a
• computerized file or database. Because data stores represent a
• person, place, or thing, they are named with a noun. Give each data
• store a unique reference number such as D1, D2, D3 and so on.
DFD/Context Diagram Shapes
🞂Process: an activity that
transforms or manipulates
Process the data (combines, reorders,
name converts, etc.).
🞂Actions performed on data so
that they are transformed,
stored or distributed. This can
be a computerised or manual
transformation
• DFDs are categorized as either logical or physical. A logical DFD
focuses on the business and how the business operates. It describes
the business events that take place and the data required and
produced by each event. A physical DFD shows how the system will be
implemented, including the hardware, software, files, and people
involved in the system.
Identifying Data Flows
During the analysis stage of a project it is
important to find out how data flows through a
system:
▪ Where does the data originate
▪ What processing is performed on it and by
whom
▪ Who uses the data
▪ What data is stored and where
▪ What output is produced and who receives it
DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS [DFD’S]

▪ A diagram to show how data is captured,


processed , stored and distributed within a
system.

▪ This is generally represented during the


analysis stage of a project, but can be further
refined during the design stage to show more
detail of how the system functions.
Do’s and Don’ts when constructing a Data Flow
Diagram

✔
Do’s and Don’ts when constructing a
Data Flow Diagram

✔
✔

✔
Here is an example of how Data
flow diagrams would be used
to model the logic of data flows
in a fast food burger bar.
1. Context or Level 0 Diagram
± Identify where data is captured from
± Identify where data is distributed to
± Describe the overall process
± Map these out in a diagram using the correct
symbols
± Link them with data flows that are labelled
Level 0 Context Diagram

CUSTOMER
Constructing Level 0 Context Diagram

± Identify where data is captured from


± Identify where data is distributed to
± Describe the overall process
± Map these out in a diagram using the
correct symbols
± Link them with data flows that are labelled
Level 0 Context Diagram

CUSTOMER KITCHEN

RESTAURANT
MANAGER
Constructing Level 0 Context Diagram

± Identify where data is captured from


± Identify where data is distributed to
± Describe the overall process
± Map these out in a diagram using the correct symbols
± Link them with data flows that are labelled
Level 0 Context
Diagram
CUSTOMER KITCHEN

Food
ordering
system

RESTAURANT
MANAGER
Constructing Level 0 Context Diagram

± Identify where data is captured from


± Identify where data is distributed to
± Describe the overall process
± Map these out using the correct symbols
± Link them with data flows that are labelled
Level 0 Context
Diagram
CUSTOMER KITCHEN

0
Customer
Order Food
ordering
Food Order
system
Receipt

Manageme
nt Reports

RESTAURANT
MANAGER
Level 1 Dataflow
• Level-1 diagram
• Level-1 diagram is the explosion or decomposition of the context-level
DFD, showing from one to nine major processes , important data
flows and data stores of the system under study.

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