1.Random Variable

5-Minute Reading
Activity
Fishy
In the lively Catch
town of Santo Tomas, there's a
popular game called "Fishy Catch".
Participants try to catch crab and fish from
the local river. They will catch as many
crabs and fishes as they can.
There were two booths at the riverside
where the participants could catch crabs
and fish. Francisco and Rodolfo, who are
best of friends decided to join the game.
Francisco immediately ran at booth 1
where participants can catch for crabs.
Each time someone fishes, they can
only catch a whole number of crabs,
like 1, 2, or 3. The number of crabs
caught is a discrete random variable
because it can only take distinct,
separate values. A discrete random
variable is a random variable that can
have a countable number of different
values.
On the other side, Rodolfo went to the
remaining booth where participants can
catch fish. Unlike the crab booth, here
participants can catch any weight of a
fish, like 0.5 kg, 1.2 kg, or 2.7kg. The
weight of the fish caught is a continuous
random variable because it can take any
value within a range, not just whole
numbers. A continuous random variable is
a type of random variable that can take
on an uncountably infinite number of
values within a specified range.
*Vocabulary Words
1.Discrete random variable
2.continuous random variable
3.Weight
4.Range
5.uncountably infinite
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. illustrates a random variable (discrete and
continuous) (M11/12SP-IIIa-1);
2. distinguished between a discrete and a
continuous random variable (M11/12SP-IIIa-2);
3. finds the possible values of a random variable
(M11/12SP-IIIa-3);
4. illustrates a probability distribution for a discrete
random variable and its properties (M11/12SP-IIIa-
4); and
5. computes probabilities corresponding to a given
random variable (M11/12SP-IIIa-6).
Random Variable
List the sample space of the following experiments.
Experiment Sample space
1. Tossing three coins
2. Rolling a die and tossing a coin

simultaneously
3. Drawing a spade from a deck of

cards
4. Getting a defective item when

two items are randomly selected
from a box of two defective and
three non-defective items
5. Drawing a card greater than 7

from a deck of cards
List the sample space of the following experiments.
Experiment Sample space
1. Tossing three coins S={HHH, HHT, HTT, TTT, TTH, THH,

THT, HTH}
2. Rolling a die and tossing a coin S={1T, 1H, 2T, 2H, 3T, 3H, 4T, 4H,
simultaneously 5T, 5H, 6T, 6H}
3. Drawing a spade from a deck of S={Ace, 2 spade, 3 spade, 4 spade,

cards 5 spade, 6 spade, 7 spade, 8 spade,
9 spade, 10 spade, Jack, Queen,
King}
4. Getting a defective item when S={DD, DN, NN, ND}
two items are randomly selected
from a box of two defective and
three non-defective items
5. Drawing a card greater than 7 S={8, 9, 10}

from a deck of cards
*If three coins are tossed, what numbers
can be assigned for the frequency of
heads that will occur?
* If three cards are drawn from a deck,
what number can be assigned for the
frequency of face cards that will occur?
Experiments are any movement
or activity which can be done
repeatedly under similar or
comparative condition. The
outcomes are the result of a
given experiment while the
sample space is the set of all
possible outcomes of an
experiment.
Suppose three cellphones are tested at random. We
want to find out the number of defective cellphones
that occur. Thus, to each outcome in the sample
space we shall assign a value. These are 0, 1, 2, 3. if
there is no defective cellphone, we assign the
number 0; if there is 1 defective cellphone, we
assign number 1; if there are two defective
cellphones, we assign the number 2; and 3, if there
are three defective cellphones. The number of
defective cellphones is a random variable. The
possible values of this random variable are 0, 1, 2
Possible Outcomes Value of the Random
and 3. Variable X (number of
defective cellphones)
An experiment consists of studying the
number of boys in families with exactly 2
children. The random variable X may be
used to represent the number of boys.
Solution: Since we are dealing with families
with 2 children, and the children can be a
boy or a girl, then there are n(s) = (2)( 2) =
2 2 =Sample
4 sample spaces
Space / Random
Possible Variable X
Outcomes (number of boys
in the family)
BB 2
BG 1
GB 1
GG 0
Random Variable
Sample space- the set of all possible
outcomes of an experiment
Random Variable- is a function that associates
a real number to each element in the sample
space. It is a variable whose values are
determined by chance
Discrete random variable- the set of possible
outcomes is countable
Continuous random variable- it takes on
values on a continuous scale (represent
measured data, such as heights, weights, and
temperatures)
Abstraction
Answer the following questions:
1. How are you going to illustrate a random
variable?
2. What is the difference between discrete
and continuous variable?
3. Give example of discrete variable.
4. Give example of continuous variable.
Application
1. Two balls are drawn in succession without
replacement from an urn containing 5 red balls
and 6 blue balls. Let Z be the random variable
representing the number of blue balls. Find the
values of the random variable Z.
2. Four coins are tossed. Let X be the random
variable representing the number of heads that
occur. Find the values of the random variable X.
Assessment
CLASSIFY ME!
Directions: Classify whether the following random
variables are DISCRETE or CONTINUOUS. Write D
or C only.
1. The number of deaths per year attributed to
lung cancer.
2. The average amount of electricity consumed
per household per month.
3. The number of patient arrivals per hour at a
medical clinic.
4. The number of bushels of mangoes per
hectare this year.
5. The number of voters favoring a candidate.
6. The number of people who are playing
LOTTO each day.
7. The amount of sugar in a cup of coffee.
8. The time needed to finish the test.
9. The number of female athletes in R1AA.
10. The speed of a car.

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5-Minute Reading

1. Tossing three coins

2. Rolling a die and tossing a coin

3. Drawing a spade from a deck of

4. Getting a defective item when

5. Drawing a card greater than 7

1. Tossing three coins S={HHH, HHT, HTT, TTT, TTH, THH,

3. Drawing a spade from a deck of S={Ace, 2 spade, 3 spade, 4 spade,

5. Drawing a card greater than 7 S={8, 9, 10}

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