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Determination of Planck’s

Constant using Spectroscopy


Investigatory Project by:
Cadeliña, Lizalyn Giezelle P.
Lizada, Adrian Nichol
Novo, Ace
Objectives:
• To obtain the wavelengths of the light
spectra produced from using the hydrogen
gas discharge tube.
• Calculate the total energy of electron En
per energy level.
• Determine experimentally the Rydberg
constant for the Hydrogen atom.
• Determine experimentally the Planck’s
constant h and calculate its deviation from
the theoretical value of Planck’s constant.
Rationale
• The investigatory project was conducted
to establish the relationship between the
inverse of the wavelength of the line
spectra with the corresponding inverse of
its principal quantum number, n; such
relationship being related to Planck’s
constant.
Methodology
A. Alignment
• Carefully insert the
hydrogen discharge
tube into the high
voltage power supply
then switch on the
power supply. Align the
student spectrometer
using an emission line
of hydrogen and a Figure 1. Experimental Set-up
diffraction grating of
300 lines/mm.
B. hexp for Hydrogen
• Locate the angular displacement of the
visible spectral lines of Hydrogen by
rotating the telescope of the spectrometer.
Tabulate the colors and angular
displacement of visible spectral lines.
• Calculate the wavelength of the line spectra
• Calculate R from the obtained wavelengths.
• Use the calculated hexp to obtain En.
• Compare the experimentally obtained
Planck’s constant to its theoretical one.
Results

Figure 2. Emission spectrum of Hydrogen


with corresponding wavelengths.
Table 1. Angular displacement of a hydrogen emission line.
(300 lines/mm grating)
Trial Direct image θcw θccw Δθcw Δθccw Abs.
diff.
1 158˚3 338˚3 166˚5 346˚50 8˚15' 8˚15 0
5'
Color: Blue-Green 5' 0' '

Table 2. Balmer series for the first diffraction order of hydrogen


ni Δθ λexpt (nm)
3 11˚15' 650.30
4 8˚15' 478.31
6 7˚7' 412.97
3.00E+06

2.50E+06
f(x) = 11016530.5968019 x + 2496.40242381487
2.00E+06 R² = 0.99805938417932

1.50E+06
λ^-1
1.00E+06

5.00E+05

0.00E+00
1.00E-01 1.50E-01 2.00E-01 2.50E-01
n^-1

Figure 3. Graph of λ ^-1 versus n^-2


Table 3. Result and percent deviations.
n En (eV) hexpt (eV·s) % deviation of
h
3 - 4.12935216179E 0.01365817194
1.5163711482 -15 7
8
4 - 4.12935216179E 0.01365817194
Experimental E0=13.6473403346
0.8529587709 -15 7
1
6 - 4.12935216179E 0.01365817194
0.3790927870 -15 7
7
Conclusion
• The value of the experimental Planck’s
constant was obtained to be
4.12935216179E-15 eV.s having a percent
deviation of 0.014% from the theoretical
value.

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