The document discusses the history and impact of immigration in the United States, highlighting the experiences of Native Americans, various immigrant groups, and the evolution of immigration policies. It covers the challenges faced by these groups, including nativist sentiments and assimilation processes, as well as the cultural contributions that have shaped American society. Additionally, it addresses contemporary issues related to immigration and identity in a globalized context.
The document discusses the history and impact of immigration in the United States, highlighting the experiences of Native Americans, various immigrant groups, and the evolution of immigration policies. It covers the challenges faced by these groups, including nativist sentiments and assimilation processes, as well as the cultural contributions that have shaped American society. Additionally, it addresses contemporary issues related to immigration and identity in a globalized context.
The document discusses the history and impact of immigration in the United States, highlighting the experiences of Native Americans, various immigrant groups, and the evolution of immigration policies. It covers the challenges faced by these groups, including nativist sentiments and assimilation processes, as well as the cultural contributions that have shaped American society. Additionally, it addresses contemporary issues related to immigration and identity in a globalized context.
The document discusses the history and impact of immigration in the United States, highlighting the experiences of Native Americans, various immigrant groups, and the evolution of immigration policies. It covers the challenges faced by these groups, including nativist sentiments and assimilation processes, as well as the cultural contributions that have shaped American society. Additionally, it addresses contemporary issues related to immigration and identity in a globalized context.
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states 2. seven 7. five 3. Washington 8. five 4. thirteen 11. Old Glory 5. Key 13. triangle 6. fifty 14. white 9. colonies 15. half mast 10. blue
12. six
Francis Scott Key: American
lawyer and an amateur poet THE MAKING OF THE NATION Contents
1. Native Americans 2. Immigrants 3. Nativist sentiment (Chủ nghĩa bản địa bài ngoại) and assimilation process (Quá trình đồng hóa) 4. Recent immigration and Identity crisis 5. Cultural pluralism in the United States 1. Native Americans
- In 1492, about 1 million native Americans lived in the area that is the U.S today.
Penn’s Treaty with the Indians, by Benjamin West
(1771 - 1772) 1. Native Americans
- The population of the
Indians soon shrank.
- Why? • wars with white men • diseases smallpox, measles, cholera By the end of the nineteenth century, diseases and warfare John Eliot (1604-90) preaches to the Indians of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. had almost wiped out the The Granger Collection, New York Indian population. 1. Native Americans
- Those that remained tried to
resist the U.S government’s efforts to confine them to reservations but they were defeated in the end.
The red plots are Indian reservations.
Today there are about 1.5 million Native Americans in the U.S 2. Immigrants
- A nation of immigrants: admitted more
immigrants than any country in history, more than 50 million - still admits between 500,000 and 1 million persons a year - Immigrants come for wealth, land and freedom. 2. Immigrants
- groups of Spanish settlers
established outposts (tiền đồn) in what is now Florida during 1550s - the French colony was founded on the New Worlds northeastern seacoast (Maine) in 1604 2. Immigrants
- the British-first colony:
Jamestown, colony of Virginia 1607 - by 1770, 13 colonies - American Revolutionary War (1775-1783) - US became independent
The British colonists who settled a bit of land they soon named Jamestown (depicted in a 19 th-centurat engraving) gave England its first enduring encampment in the New World-and, not incidentally, began our national narrative. The Granger Collection. 2. Immigrants slaves – unwilling immigrants
- 1619-1808: 500,000 Africans brought to the colonies as slaves 2. Immigrants slaves – unwilling immigrants
- 1818: 7.2 million people
in the U.S - 1.2 million: slaves
- today: 12% of the total
population - blacks 2. Immigrants Old Immigrants
- 1840 – 1860: US received the greatest influx of
immigrants ever - Reasons? -famine in Europe -most came from northern and western Europe 2. Immigrants New wave of immigrants - mid 1800s: the Chinese came
- Latin, Slavic, and
Jewish, Italian, Hungarians, Poles, Russians, Rumanians, and Greeks (people from southern and eastern Europe) 3. Nativist sentiment (Chủ nghĩa bản địa bài ngoại) and assimilation process
- Nativist sentiment (Chủ nghĩa bản địa bài ngoại):
- prejudice and hostility, claiming racial superiority of the Nordic (thuộc Bắc Âu) peoples of the old immigration over the new immigration 3. Nativist sentiment and assimilation process IMMIGRATION RESTRICTION Why? IMMIGRATION RESTRICTION Why?
- 1882: the U.S banned most Chinese immigrants
- by 1924, no Asian immigrants permitted to the U.S - 1924, the Congress passed the Reed-Johnson Immigration Act. (set limit on how many people from each foreign country could be permitted to immigrate to the U.S) - 1949, Chinese and Asians: allowed to immigrate to the U.S again 4. Recent immigration and Identity crisis
- immigrants and refugees from Cuba, Mexico, Latin
America, or Asia - illegal immigrants: mostly from Mexico or Latin America Identity crisis
- WASPs - White Anglo-Saxon Protestant (thành viên giới thượng lưu da trắng ở bờ biển Đông) - newcomers expected to assimilate - 1990s: mass migration brought a new heterogeneity (tính không đồng nhất) challenged WASPs to acknowledge Americans: Catholic or Jewish, almond-eyed or olive- skinned - 1960s: American’s attitudes towards ethnic and religious differences altered, pressure to Americanize relaxed the immigration Act of 1990
- the Immigration Act of 1990: the total number of
immigrants may not exceed 700,000 a year - The Act also attempts to attract more skilled workers and professionals to the U.S by reserving (giữ chỗ) specially for them. 5. Cultural pluralism in the United States
- Melting Pot - What is it? - people from various cultures come to America and contribute aspects of their culture to create a unique - The result? - contributions from many cultures: indistinguishable (không phân biệt được) from one another
- effectively “melted” together
5. Cultural pluralism in the United States
Salad Bowl Theory
- newly arrived immigrants do not lose the unique aspects of their cultures - The unique characteristics of each culture are still identifiable within the larger American society. - This theory is also referred to as pluralism DISCUSSION
1. What do you think of the issue of immigration in the
present globalization context?
2. Will it bring positive or negative effects to the
involving countries and to the world? Decide if the statement is true or false according to the information in the chapter. 1.One factor affecting lifestyles in the United is the variety of climates. T
2.American Indians all speak the same language. F
3.The dominant American culture was established by immigrants who came from southern Europe. F
4.For the first time, in the 2010 census, there were more Asian than Hispanic immigrants. T
5.Zangwill believed that immigrants would lose their native cultures and become something different when they came to the United States. T 6.Immigrants change American culture and are changed by it. T 7.U. S. immigration policy has stayed the same for the last 100 years. F
8.The English language has no adjective for United States and therefore uses the term American to refer to its people. T 9.It is not possible to make generalizations about what Americans believe because they are so different. F 10.Many of the characteristics of Americans that Alexis de Tocqueville observed in the 1830s are still true today. T
