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6th Grade Science

 DEFINITION OF LIGHT
What is a light ?
Light is a form of energy that moves in straight
lines. It also reflects off things, and that
reflected light enters our eyes, allowing us to
see.
We can see because of light. Most light comes
from the sun, light bulbs, and lasers.
Light energy travels in the form of a wave as it
travels. However, no matter is, essential to
carry the light energy to travel. This is why the
light energy can travel through space where
there is no air, whereas it is not the same with
sound waves, as they have to travel through
solids, liquids or gas. Light energy is very swift
and travels faster than anything else. Light
energy travels in the form of a wave as it travels.
However, no matter is, essential to carry the light energy
to travel. This is why the light energy can travel through
space where there is no air, whereas it is not the same
with sound waves, as they have to travel through solids,
liquids or gas. Light energy is very swift and travels faster
https://www.toppr.com/guides/physics/light/
than light-energy/
anything else.
Types of Light Energy
Light energy is of various types. They are:

• Visible light– Can only be seen through

the naked eye. It’s a form of
electromagnetic energy. Example are :
from sun, lanterns, flashlights, light bulbs,
etc.
• Infrared light– is also a form of
electromagnetic energy that produces heat.
Example :TV remotes
• X-rays and Ultraviolet light– These are
short light waves used by doctors to capture
images within our bodies and spot fractures
in our bones. Also, dentists use x-rays to
monitor the extent of the deterioration of the
teeth.
Properties of Light Energy

• Intensity: Intensity of light is the rate at which the source

releases the light energy. Its power unit is a watt. It is also
describable as brightness measured at the rate at which light
generates in a surface unit or energy per unit time per unit
area.
• Frequency: Frequency of light is known as the number of
crests that passes through a particular point in a second.

• Wavelength: The wavelength of light is known as the

distance between the two successive crests or troughs. Light
waves travel through the vacuum at the same speed.
Wavelength and frequency are lightly similar, thus the higher
the frequency, the shorter the wavelength.

• Polarization: It is a mechanism in which unpolarized light

transforms into polarised light. Light waves vibrate in more
than one plane. Hence they are considered as unpolarized
light.
 What are the few uses of light energy?
Light energy is a source of electromagnetic radiation that is
visible to the human eye. However, there are also several
industrial and science applications of light energy, some of
them are:
1.Food: Light is the only source of food generation for all living
things. Every organism depends on light for their energy and
food, except for a few chemotrophic species, such as bacteria.
2. Vision: Many living organisms are able to see things around
them due to the presence of eyes, which could be useless without
light. Our eyes create an image as the light falls on them, and this
information goes to the brain. Thus, light energy let us see things
around us.
3. Colours: The world is so colourful, and all these colours are
possible because of the sunlight. The light consists of several
spectra, and each spectrum has a specific colour i.e. VIBGYOR.
4. Health: The sunlight also provides Vitamin-D, which helps in
increasing bone strength.
5. Electronics: Solar panels use the sunlight to store light
energy and convert it into electrical energy. This electrical light
The Basic
Properties
of Light
Brightness
Colors
Being
 Brightne
ss
The intensity of light or brightness of
light is related to the amount of
light being seen.
The closer the source of the light
is, the greater the intensity or
degree of brightness.
The greater the distance the source
of the light is, the lesser the
intensity or brightness.
 Colo
r
Light, or “white light”, is made
up of all colors of light mixed
together.
If white light is passed through a
prism, it can be separated into light
of different colors.
The colors are red, orange, yellow,
green, blue, indigo, and violet.
These are the colors seen in a
rainbow.
The prism does not create
new colors, but merely
separates the colors that
are already there.
The most common example
of a spectrum is a
rainbow!
The rainbow is caused by sunshine (white
light) shining on water droplets that are
in the air just after a summer shower.
Thousands of these water droplets break
up the light, just like Sir Isaac Newton's
prism.
Can you make a rainbow? Of course! Make
your own rainbow by turning on the
garden hose, which has a nozzle that will
make a fine mist, or spray. Make sure the
sunlight is coming over your shoulder. You
have made a rainbow.
 Visibl
e
In order for an object to be visible, it
must either give off its own light
(be a source of light) or it must
reflect light.
The Sun, a candle flame, or a
flashlight gives off visible light.
The Moon and many objects
around us reflect light in order to
be seen.
 Light is made of
colors!
·The different colors of light are
revealed when white light is
passed through a prism and
separated into the different colors
of the rainbow, called the
spectrum.
·These colors are related to the
different amounts of energy in
white light.
· Each color represents a
Light is a form
of
energy!
Energy
· Energy is the ability to
make something move,
happen, or change.
Light travels in
a straight line
away from the
light source.
 Reflectio
from a surface.n
When light is reflected, it bounces back

Reflection allows objects to be seen

that do not produce their own light.
When light strikes an object, some of
the light reflects off of it and can be
detected by eyes.
When light strikes a smooth, shiny
object, for example a mirror or a pool
of water, it is reflected so that a
reflection can be seen that looks very
similar to the object seen with light
reflected directly from it.
The color of the light that is reflected
from an object is the color that the
object appears. For example, an object
that reflects only red light will appear
 Refractio
n
When light is refracted it passes from one
type of transparent material to another,
and changes direction. For example,
when light travels through a magnifying
glass, it changes direction, and we see a
larger, magnified view of the object.
When a straw is viewed in water, light
passes from the water to the air causing
the path of the light to bend. When the
light bends, the straw appears distorted
 Absorptio
n
When light is absorbed it does not pass
through or reflect from a material. It
remains in the material as another form
of energy.
The colors of objects are determined by
the light that is not absorbed but is
reflected by the objects.
All other colors of light striking the
object are absorbed by the object.
A red object, for example, reflects red
colors of light and absorbs all other
colors.
 Light can travel through
transparent material and even
through empty space.

The
way that light reacts when it
strikes an object varies with the
object.

Light behaves differently when it

 Transparen
t
A transparent material allows light to
pass through it because it is not
absorbed or reflected.
Objects can be seen clearly when
viewed through transparent
materials.
Air, glass, and water are
examples of materials that are
transparent.
 Opaque
An opaque material does not allow
light to pass through, light is either
reflected from or absorbed by an
opaque material.

Wood, metals, and thick paper are

examples of materials that are
opaque.
 Translucen
t
A translucent material scatters or
absorbs some of the light that
strikes it and allows some of the
light to pass through it.
Objects appear as blurry shapes
when viewed through
translucent materials.
Waxed paper and frosted glass are
examples of materials that are
translucent.
 exercise
1. What is light ?

2. What are the few uses of light energy?

3. Does light travel?

4. How does Light Energy travel?

5. Through what substances can light travel?

6. Can light travel through objects?

7. Objects can be sorted into three different categories

according to how much light they allow to pass through
them and define each other.

8. Define natural of light and give its example !

9. Define made source of light and give its example !

10. What is non luminous object and give the example !

 exercise
1. What is light ?
Light is a form of energy that moves in
straight lines. It also reflects off things,
and that reflected light enters our eyes,
allowing us to see.
2. What are the few uses of light energy?
Health, electronics, colours,
food, vision
3. Does light travel?

Yes it does , light travels from luminous

objects such as the sun.
 exercise

4. How does Light Energy travel?

Light travels in straight lines and light energy travels

very fast and flows in the form of waves.

5. Through what substances can light travel?

Light can travel in a vacuum. Otherwise light
from the sun would not be able to reach the
earth. Light can also travel through mediums
such as air and water.
 6. Can light travel through objects?
Essentially it depends on the nature of the object.light
can travel through a window but it cannot travel
through a brick wall.

7. Objects can be sorted into three different categories

according to how much light they allow to pass through
them and define each other.
• Transparent objects allow light to pass through them without
distorting it. Example: clear glass
• Translucent objects allow light to pass through them but they
distort it. Example: frosted or stained glass.
• Opaque objects do not allow light to pass through them.
Example: brick walls, human beings.
8. Define natural of light and give its example !

Source of light which occur in nature

For examples : sun, stars, meteors,
firefly
9. Define made source of light and give its example !

Source of light which have bee made by man

For exampes : electric bulb, candle, torch,
kerosene.

10. What is non luminous object and give the example !

an object which does not give out its own light
For example : table book, flower pot, plants,
clothes, bags, pen,
mirror, shoe and moon.
1. The change in direction or bending of a light
wave passing from one transparent medium
to another; caused by the change in wave’s
speed is known as “Refraction”.Pencil appears
bent in water because of the refraction of
light rays.

2. this diagram that shows a ray of light being

refracted away from the normal as it passes from
water to air.
3. Refraction of light at the surface of the water
makes swimming pools appear shallower than its
actual depth when viewed from directly above.
1. 64)
A Light Ray is always
drawn with an arrow
that implies the direction
of the energy flow.
 1. What is light ?
Light is a form of energy that moves in straight lines. It also
reflects off things, and that reflected light enters our eyes,
allowing us to see.
What are the few uses of light energy?
Health, electronics, colours, food, vision.
3. Does light travel?
Yes, light travels from luminous objects such as the sun.
How does Light Energy travel?
Light travels in straight lines and light energy travels very fast and
flows in the form of waves.
5. Through what substances can light travel?
Light can travel in a vacuum. Otherwise light from the sun would
not be able to reach the earth. Light can also travel through
mediums such as air and water.
6. Can light travel through objects?

Essentially it depends on the nature of the object.light can travel

through a window but it cannot travel through a brick wall.
7. Objects can be sorted into three different categories
according to how much light they allow to pass through
them and define each other.
• Transparent objects allow light to pass through them without
distorting it. Example: clear glass
• Translucent objects allow light to pass through them but they
distort it. Example: frosted or stained glass.
• Opaque objects do not allow light to pass through them.
Example: brick walls, human beings.
8. Define natural of light and give its example !
Source of light which occur in nature
For examples : sun, stars, meteors, firefly
9. Define made source of light and give its example ! Name
Class
Date

Source of light which have bee Quiz Term II ( SCIENCE – GRADE 5 )

made by man
I. Choose the correct answer by crossing (x) a,b,c!
1. What is a force?
a. balanced or unbalanced force

For exampes : electric bulb, candle,

b. potential or kinetic energy
c. speed or acceleration
d. a push or pull
2. When objects remain in the same place, it is called...

torch, kerosene. a. unbalanced force

b. weak
c. balanced force
d. Hulk Smash!
3. When an object has potential energy, it is not ..........*

10. What is non luminous object and give the example !

a.
b.
c.
run
moving
stand
d. visible
4. Speed can be found my calculating...
a. acceleration/velocity

an object which does not give out its own light

b. friction/gravity
c. distance/time
d. day/months
5. What is the force that causes everything to be pulled down to the Earth

For example : table book, flower pot, plants, clothes, bags, pen,
a. Speed force
b. Gravity force

mirror, shoe and moon.

c. Mechanical force
d. Magnetic force
http://www.brainpop.com/sc
ience/e nergy/light/

Other videos to check

out… color
refraction and
diffraction
electromagnetic