Groups: We Study Groups Because Is The Key Element of Our Culture

GROUPS
We study groups because is the key element of our culture
GROUP FORMATION, DEVELOPMENT AND STRUCTURE

GROUP, is two or more individual interacting and interdependent and who have come together to achieve a particular objectives Group is normally differentiated from mob. A mob have no objectives
TYPES OF GROUPS
Formal group Is the one that deliberately created to perform a specific task. Members are usually appointed by organization. However this is not normally the case, eg you might have a number of people assigned to a specific job, the management can form a formal group (eg committee)
TYPES OF GROUPS
Informal Group Is one that arise out of interaction, attractions, and needs of individuals. Membership is voluntarily and depends upon the mutual attraction of the individual and group for each other. They often develop from formal group at certain values or concerns which some member find them or share them
TYPES OF GROUPS
Command Group A manager and his/her immediately subordinates. * Task Group This evolves people working together to complete a job task * Interest Group Are those working together to attain a specific objectives with which each is concerned
TYPES OF GROUPS
Friendship Group Are those people brought together because they share one or more common characteristics. Reference Group Is any group to which an individual belongs or sometimes aspires to belong and which he/she uses as a standard for self evaluation and as source of personal values and attitudes. This group is said to provide two functions for individuals. 1st is social comparison and 2nd is social validation.
TYPES OF GROUPS
Function of Reference Group;
Social Comparison;
In which they evaluate themselves by comparing themselves to other members.
Social validation;
In which they use the group to evaluate their attitudes, belief and values.
Open & Closed Groups
Open group is constant state of change, while Closed group is quite stable in as much they dont allow new members.
i) ii) iii) iv)
Reasons For Join Groups

Task accomplishment Formal problem solving Proximity and attraction Social psychological purposes (social & psychological problems)
Why People Form Groups (ASEPI)

Affiliation People join groups because they enjoy the regular company of other people, particularly those with whom they share same thing in common Security People form groups because of security. People experience feelings of insecurity which can be affiliated by group members.

Security An individual joining a large organization can experience anxiety because he realizes his giving up some control over his behavior and his uncertain how the system work Esteem An individual can increase his self esteem through group members. There are two reasons for this

Esteem 1st one can gain esteem by becoming a member of high status group. 2nd the close relationship an individual can develop as a group member provide opportunities for recognition and prices that are not available outside the group.

Power First there is the notion state that united we stand Second informal group also provide individuals with opportunities to exercise power of others.

Identity Group membership contributes to the individuals external cases for an answer to the question Whom/who am I we are able to get this information about our values as members of groups. 1st our experience with other members to give us confidence in interpreting the reactions to us. 2nd a group experience with us give them a better basis for interpreting our personalities and behavior, finally people who are close to us might be more willing to give us information that others might not.
STAGES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT (oige)

1)Orientation stage; Orientation concerns the various activities that occur when a group get together a first few times, this stage is concerned with such activities as establishing the structure , rules, and procedures of the group refine member relationship and interdependent and developing a plan of action.
STAGES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT

2)Internal problem solving stage; Relates to problems that could hinder goal accomplishment, usually the problem develop because some factors were not adequately covered in the orientation stage.

3)Growth and productivity stage; Is one of the most important stage because it is at this stage that many of the groups internal problem have been solved and all member activities can be developed to accomplish the assigned task.

4)Evaluation and controlling stage; Concern with activities as group approaches the conclusion of its task or after the group have been in existence for a time. Other writers says stage are as follows (FSNPA) i) Forming ii) Storming iii) Norming iv) Performing v) Adjourning (come to a close).
GROUP COHESIVENESS
Group cohesiveness is the structural characteristics where the factors acting on group members to remain and participate to the group is greater than those acting on group members to leave it.
Implications For Managers

i) Cohesiveness is an important indicator of the degree of influence the group as a whole has on individual members. The greater the cohesiveness the greater the group influence on members. This is because cohesive group have adopted strong behavior and performance norms.
Implications For Managers

ii) Highly cohesive groups are usually characterized by good feelings among members and an absence of tension and major conflicts. For this reason, highly cohesive groups are potentially better performance than non cohesive croups.
Ways To Encourage Group Cohesiveness (SPIGEMII)

1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)
8)
Stimulate competition with other groups Physically isolate the group Increase the time members spend together Give rewards to the group rather than to individuals Encourage agreement with group goals. Make the group smaller Increase the status of the group and the perceived difficulty of attaining membership of the group. Increase personal attractiveness and dependency.
Key Terms
Social network; specific set of linkages among a define set of individuals Clusters; these are groups that exist within social networks. Prescribed clusters; these are formal groups such as departments, work teams, committees and settlements etc Emergent cluster; are informal an official groups
Key Terms
Coalitions; these are clusters of individuals who temporally come together to achieve a specific purpose Cliques; these are relatively permanent information groups that involve friendship Stars; these are individual with the most linkage in the network
Key Terms
Liaisons; these are individuals who connect two or more clusters but are not members of any cluster. Bridges; individuals who save as linking in by belonging to two or more clusters Isolates; these are individuals who are not connected to a social network.

Groups: We Study Groups Because Is The Key Element of Our Culture

Uploaded by

Document Informationclick to expand document information

Copyright:

Available Formats

Groups: We Study Groups Because Is The Key Element of Our Culture

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Groups: We Study Groups Because Is The Key Element of Our Culture

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

GROUPS

We study groups because is the key element of our culture

GROUP FORMATION, DEVELOPMENT AND STRUCTURE

Function of Reference Group;

In which they evaluate themselves by comparing themselves to other members.

Open & Closed Groups

i) ii) iii) iv)

Reasons For Join Groups

Why People Form Groups (ASEPI)

Why People Form Groups (ASEPI)

Why People Form Groups (ASEPI)

Why People Form Groups (ASEPI)

Why People Form Groups (ASEPI)

STAGES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT (oige)

STAGES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT

STAGES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT

STAGES OF GROUP DEVELOPMENT

Implications For Managers

Implications For Managers

Ways To Encourage Group Cohesiveness (SPIGEMII)

You might also like