ABSTRACT The COVID-19 forced shutdown of Jewish preschools (Spring, 2020) presented an unpreceden... more ABSTRACT The COVID-19 forced shutdown of Jewish preschools (Spring, 2020) presented an unprecedented challenge for schools, preschoolers, and their families. During the preschool years, children are vulnerable to trauma, potentially affecting later adjustment. Relationships between school offerings, preschoolers’ school engagement and psychosocial outcomes were explored. Teacher immediacy behaviors were associated with preschoolers’ engagement in online learning but not with psychosocial outcomes. There were correlations between students’ willingness to engage and actual participation in online education and psychosocial adjustment. This study highlights the role that teachers and schools may play in keeping students connected and engaged in school during times of crisis.
Page 361. Chapter 19 Correlates of School Victimization: Implications for Prevention and Interven... more Page 361. Chapter 19 Correlates of School Victimization: Implications for Prevention and Intervention Noel A. Card Jenny Isaacs Ernest VE Hodges Over twenty-five years of research has amassed a wealth of information regarding the correlates of peer victimization. ...
International Journal of Developmental Science, 2008
ABSTRACT Long-term effects of victimization were investigated in 177 girls and boys that were fol... more ABSTRACT Long-term effects of victimization were investigated in 177 girls and boys that were followed from adolescence (ages 14-15) to young adulthood (ages 22-23). Victimization in adolescence was associated with increases in depression and decreases in self-esteem as well as negative views of others in young adulthood, but only when adolescents lacked a supportive family environment. Results are discussed in terms of possible mechanisms responsible for the critical role that family support plays in altering maladjustment consequences of victimization by peers.
Overview In this chapter we will discuss the importance of considering riskand alternatively, pro... more Overview In this chapter we will discuss the importance of considering riskand alternatively, protective-factors for peer victimization that occur at multiple levels of children's ecological context, with the goal that this review will be useful for both basic research and prevention and intervention efforts. We will begin by defining peer victimization and identifying several well-established personal characteristics that place children at greater or lesser risk for being the targets of their peers' aggression. However, the majority of our review of risk and protective factors will focus on features of the child's context, and we will separate these contextual influences into those occurring across five levels of Bronfenbrenner's ecological taxonomy. We will then discuss the implications of these ecological risk and protective factors for prevention and intervention efforts and review prior prevention and intervention studies that have considered multiple contextual levels. We will conclude that studies that have failed to consider higher levels of contextual risk factors have been less effective than is desired and will offer suggestions for considering these ecological factors in future empirical and applied work.
Internationales Handbuch der Gewaltforschung, 2002
Aggression und Gewalt sind, wie aus den Beitragen dieses Buches zu ersehen ist, ein gravierendes ... more Aggression und Gewalt sind, wie aus den Beitragen dieses Buches zu ersehen ist, ein gravierendes Problem in unserer Gesellschaft. Die Wurzeln der Aggression im einzelnen Menschen sind in der fruhen Kindheit zu suchen. Individuelle Unterschiede in den Ebenen der Aggression bilden sich sehr fruh heraus und bleiben wahrend der weiteren Entwicklung des Menschen weitgehend stabil. Es gibt zwar eindeutige Beweise dafur, dass die individuellen Unterschiede in der Aggression zu einem nicht geringen Teil auf angeborene (biologische oder genetische) Faktoren zuruckzufuhren sind; ebenso uberwaltigend sind jedoch die Beweise dafur, dass Kinder die Aggression zu einem grosen Teil durch die Interaktion mit ihrer Umwelt erlernen. Dieser Beitrag beschaftigt sich mit zwei Bereichen, die fur das kindliche Erlernen der Aggression weitgehend verantwortlich sind: die Familie und die Peergroup.
... justifications, and interpretations of violence; provides analyses based on socio-psychologic... more ... justifications, and interpretations of violence; provides analyses based on socio-psychological, historical, political and legal research or with ... Related research. ... Adolescent aggression: The role of peer group status motives, peer aggression, and group characteristics. Robert Faris ...
Vita. Thesis (Ph. D.)--St. John's University, 2004. Includes bibliographical references (leav... more Vita. Thesis (Ph. D.)--St. John's University, 2004. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 62-72).
We tested whether gender-specific vs. common classroom norms were more powerful moderators of the... more We tested whether gender-specific vs. common classroom norms were more powerful moderators of the association between a risk factor (rejection) and peer victimization among girls and boys. The participants were 1220 elementary schoolchildren from grades 4-6 (with 10-13 years of age). We compared different multilevel models including combined vs. separate regressions for boys and girls, as well as the effects of norms of the whole class, same-sex classmates, and cross-sex classmates. Among girls, the association between rejection and victimization was strongest in classes where bullying behavior was common, and anti-bullying attitudes were rare among girls. Among boys, the strength of the slope of victimization on rejection could not be explained by either common or gender-specific classroom norms, but boys' level of bullying behavior was related to overall classroom level of victimization. The findings suggest that contextual factors may contribute to victimization especially among high-risk girls. The importance of exploring multiple levels of influence on children's social development is discussed.
The select individual(s) whom one trusts in sharing important personal matters is sometimes refer... more The select individual(s) whom one trusts in sharing important personal matters is sometimes referred to as a confidant. The confidant relationship has received increasing attention in recent years as a major social factor contributing to individual health and wellness. Yet, little empirical data has been available to guide health researchers, policy-makers, and practitioners. In this study, 142 adult Taiwanese responded to a structured questionnaire. Participants comprised 105 females, 32 males, and five with sex unspecified (overall mean age=33.8, age range=18 to 74 years). They were asked whether they had a confidant, and if so, to describe various features of this relationship. Contrary to previous studies conducted in Europe and the Americas, our investigation found that Taiwanese men were equally likely as Taiwanese women to have a confidant (87.5 % of males and 89.5 % for females). Taiwanese women were significantly more likely to have a female rather than a male confidant, whereas males showed no such sex difference. A significantly higher percentage of confidants were non-family members rather than spouses or other immediate/extended family members. This finding is consistent with research on the relatively minor salience of emotional intimacy in Taiwanese marriages and the hierarchical structures of many Taiwanese families. The implications of our findings for enhancing Taiwanese and broader ethnic Chinese health treatment are discussed.
ABSTRACT The COVID-19 forced shutdown of Jewish preschools (Spring, 2020) presented an unpreceden... more ABSTRACT The COVID-19 forced shutdown of Jewish preschools (Spring, 2020) presented an unprecedented challenge for schools, preschoolers, and their families. During the preschool years, children are vulnerable to trauma, potentially affecting later adjustment. Relationships between school offerings, preschoolers’ school engagement and psychosocial outcomes were explored. Teacher immediacy behaviors were associated with preschoolers’ engagement in online learning but not with psychosocial outcomes. There were correlations between students’ willingness to engage and actual participation in online education and psychosocial adjustment. This study highlights the role that teachers and schools may play in keeping students connected and engaged in school during times of crisis.
Page 361. Chapter 19 Correlates of School Victimization: Implications for Prevention and Interven... more Page 361. Chapter 19 Correlates of School Victimization: Implications for Prevention and Intervention Noel A. Card Jenny Isaacs Ernest VE Hodges Over twenty-five years of research has amassed a wealth of information regarding the correlates of peer victimization. ...
International Journal of Developmental Science, 2008
ABSTRACT Long-term effects of victimization were investigated in 177 girls and boys that were fol... more ABSTRACT Long-term effects of victimization were investigated in 177 girls and boys that were followed from adolescence (ages 14-15) to young adulthood (ages 22-23). Victimization in adolescence was associated with increases in depression and decreases in self-esteem as well as negative views of others in young adulthood, but only when adolescents lacked a supportive family environment. Results are discussed in terms of possible mechanisms responsible for the critical role that family support plays in altering maladjustment consequences of victimization by peers.
Overview In this chapter we will discuss the importance of considering riskand alternatively, pro... more Overview In this chapter we will discuss the importance of considering riskand alternatively, protective-factors for peer victimization that occur at multiple levels of children's ecological context, with the goal that this review will be useful for both basic research and prevention and intervention efforts. We will begin by defining peer victimization and identifying several well-established personal characteristics that place children at greater or lesser risk for being the targets of their peers' aggression. However, the majority of our review of risk and protective factors will focus on features of the child's context, and we will separate these contextual influences into those occurring across five levels of Bronfenbrenner's ecological taxonomy. We will then discuss the implications of these ecological risk and protective factors for prevention and intervention efforts and review prior prevention and intervention studies that have considered multiple contextual levels. We will conclude that studies that have failed to consider higher levels of contextual risk factors have been less effective than is desired and will offer suggestions for considering these ecological factors in future empirical and applied work.
Internationales Handbuch der Gewaltforschung, 2002
Aggression und Gewalt sind, wie aus den Beitragen dieses Buches zu ersehen ist, ein gravierendes ... more Aggression und Gewalt sind, wie aus den Beitragen dieses Buches zu ersehen ist, ein gravierendes Problem in unserer Gesellschaft. Die Wurzeln der Aggression im einzelnen Menschen sind in der fruhen Kindheit zu suchen. Individuelle Unterschiede in den Ebenen der Aggression bilden sich sehr fruh heraus und bleiben wahrend der weiteren Entwicklung des Menschen weitgehend stabil. Es gibt zwar eindeutige Beweise dafur, dass die individuellen Unterschiede in der Aggression zu einem nicht geringen Teil auf angeborene (biologische oder genetische) Faktoren zuruckzufuhren sind; ebenso uberwaltigend sind jedoch die Beweise dafur, dass Kinder die Aggression zu einem grosen Teil durch die Interaktion mit ihrer Umwelt erlernen. Dieser Beitrag beschaftigt sich mit zwei Bereichen, die fur das kindliche Erlernen der Aggression weitgehend verantwortlich sind: die Familie und die Peergroup.
... justifications, and interpretations of violence; provides analyses based on socio-psychologic... more ... justifications, and interpretations of violence; provides analyses based on socio-psychological, historical, political and legal research or with ... Related research. ... Adolescent aggression: The role of peer group status motives, peer aggression, and group characteristics. Robert Faris ...
Vita. Thesis (Ph. D.)--St. John's University, 2004. Includes bibliographical references (leav... more Vita. Thesis (Ph. D.)--St. John's University, 2004. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 62-72).
We tested whether gender-specific vs. common classroom norms were more powerful moderators of the... more We tested whether gender-specific vs. common classroom norms were more powerful moderators of the association between a risk factor (rejection) and peer victimization among girls and boys. The participants were 1220 elementary schoolchildren from grades 4-6 (with 10-13 years of age). We compared different multilevel models including combined vs. separate regressions for boys and girls, as well as the effects of norms of the whole class, same-sex classmates, and cross-sex classmates. Among girls, the association between rejection and victimization was strongest in classes where bullying behavior was common, and anti-bullying attitudes were rare among girls. Among boys, the strength of the slope of victimization on rejection could not be explained by either common or gender-specific classroom norms, but boys' level of bullying behavior was related to overall classroom level of victimization. The findings suggest that contextual factors may contribute to victimization especially among high-risk girls. The importance of exploring multiple levels of influence on children's social development is discussed.
The select individual(s) whom one trusts in sharing important personal matters is sometimes refer... more The select individual(s) whom one trusts in sharing important personal matters is sometimes referred to as a confidant. The confidant relationship has received increasing attention in recent years as a major social factor contributing to individual health and wellness. Yet, little empirical data has been available to guide health researchers, policy-makers, and practitioners. In this study, 142 adult Taiwanese responded to a structured questionnaire. Participants comprised 105 females, 32 males, and five with sex unspecified (overall mean age=33.8, age range=18 to 74 years). They were asked whether they had a confidant, and if so, to describe various features of this relationship. Contrary to previous studies conducted in Europe and the Americas, our investigation found that Taiwanese men were equally likely as Taiwanese women to have a confidant (87.5 % of males and 89.5 % for females). Taiwanese women were significantly more likely to have a female rather than a male confidant, whereas males showed no such sex difference. A significantly higher percentage of confidants were non-family members rather than spouses or other immediate/extended family members. This finding is consistent with research on the relatively minor salience of emotional intimacy in Taiwanese marriages and the hierarchical structures of many Taiwanese families. The implications of our findings for enhancing Taiwanese and broader ethnic Chinese health treatment are discussed.
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