European journal of education and pedagogy, Jun 15, 2022
The study sought to establish the implementation of blended learning in Zambia, particularly, at ... more The study sought to establish the implementation of blended learning in Zambia, particularly, at Kwame Nkrumah University. This study employed a qualitative approach to generate data because it targeted for an in-depth indulgence into the issues under study on the implementation of blended learning at Kwame Nkrumah University. A descriptive research design was used. The target population were all students at Kwame Nkrumah University. The sample size was 36 participants. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse data because themes were strongly linked to data. The key findings were that participants understood the concept of blended learning as a combination of face to face interaction and online teaching. Some lecturers and students in some faculties were not willing to implement blended learning. The challenges were that because of big numbers of over 200 students in one class, it was not safe and possible to stick to the five golden rules of Covid-19. Some students were not able to access online services because of non-payment of the 50% threshold on tuition fees to access the services. Other challenges were that there was poor internet connectivity at the university, the e-learning tool (MOODLE) was limiting, the university did not have sufficient infrastructure to support blended learning and the Visually Impaired (VI) students were not able to access e-learning services. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the university invests heavily in ICT and infrastructure if blended learning was to be a success. Furthermore, the study recommends that students be oriented on e-learning tools. There is need in future to investigate how the Information Communication Technology (ICT) section at Kwame Nkrumah University was ready to implement blended learning.
I.-INTRODUCTION Employer resistance to workers' demands for better economic and social conditions... more I.-INTRODUCTION Employer resistance to workers' demands for better economic and social conditions often leads to strike action. This article will discuss conditions and events surrounding a strike organized by the Zambia National Union of Teachers (ZNUT) which occurred in two phases: May-June 1968, and June 1970. The first phase lasted for five days, affected certain schools only in Copperbelt Province, and was resolved through persuasion from the ZNUT leadership following an undertaking by the Ministry of Education to meet the teachers' grievances. This phase will be discussed briefly to show how eventually it culminated in a countrywide strike in June 1970 involving about 20,000 teachers. This second phase which lasted for three weeks, had a wider impact and caused a political rift • between the Ministry of Education, as the direct employer of the teachers, and the Ministry of Labour and Social Services, which is responsible for arbitrating labour disputes. The strained relations between two government ministries, in fact, pointed to deeper political strife in the ruling party, the United National Independence Party (UNIP). Political cohesion in the country waned because opposition to the UNIP increased, and open support from other labour organizations for the ZNUT pointed to the possibility of worsening political instability. Simultaneously, the inherited colonial class relations were being restructured through the "nationalization" of the mining industry in August 1969. Thus, the teachers' strike took place at a critical time when the state bureaucrats took political action to expand conditions essential to the rise of an indigenous capital-owning class. The 1970 strike was the subject of a governement board of inquiry chaired by Hosea J. Soko, 1 whose report provides much of the evidence in * I am grateful to Professor J. Bertin Webster for perceptive comments on an earlier draft of this paper. This paper was originally presented to a seminar at the Centre for African Studies, Dalltousie University, in February 1980, and also read at a conference on • 'The Evolving Structure of the Zambian Society", at the University of Edinburgh in May 1980. I am indebted to both gatherings for various useful comments.
International Journal of African Historical Studies, 1983
After unsuccessful attempts in the 1900s, Virginia flue-cured ... Luangwa (Eastern Province) and ... more After unsuccessful attempts in the 1900s, Virginia flue-cured ... Luangwa (Eastern Province) and an important additional source of ... Virginia tobacco.2 The key to understanding the development of tobacco production ... *This paper was first presented to the 11th Conference of the ...
Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review, 2003
... Similar reasoning is found in Campbell Page 3. Ackson Kanduza. Tackling HIV/AIDS and Related ... more ... Similar reasoning is found in Campbell Page 3. Ackson Kanduza. Tackling HIV/AIDS and Related Stigma 77 ... Page 5. Ackson Kanduza. Tackling HIV/AIDS and Related Stigma 79 patients with sexually transmitted infections (STI) and TB patients. ...
Leroy Vail (ed.), The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa (James Currey: London and Universi... more Leroy Vail (ed.), The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa (James Currey: London and University of California Press: Berkeley, 1989) xiv + 422pp, £12.95/£30.00.Claude Meillasoux (ed.), Verrouillage ethnique en Afrique du Sud (UNESCO: Paris, 1988) 118pp, pbk, no price indicated.Gerhard Maré and Georgina Hamilton, An Appetite for Power; Buthelezi's Inkatha and South Africa (Indiana University Press: Bloomington, 1987).Mzala, Gatsha Buthelezi:
The International Journal of African Historical Studies, 1983
After unsuccessful attempts in the 1900s, Virginia flue-cured ... Luangwa (Eastern Province) and ... more After unsuccessful attempts in the 1900s, Virginia flue-cured ... Luangwa (Eastern Province) and an important additional source of ... Virginia tobacco.2 The key to understanding the development of tobacco production ... *This paper was first presented to the 11th Conference of the ...
European journal of education and pedagogy, Jun 15, 2022
The study sought to establish the implementation of blended learning in Zambia, particularly, at ... more The study sought to establish the implementation of blended learning in Zambia, particularly, at Kwame Nkrumah University. This study employed a qualitative approach to generate data because it targeted for an in-depth indulgence into the issues under study on the implementation of blended learning at Kwame Nkrumah University. A descriptive research design was used. The target population were all students at Kwame Nkrumah University. The sample size was 36 participants. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse data because themes were strongly linked to data. The key findings were that participants understood the concept of blended learning as a combination of face to face interaction and online teaching. Some lecturers and students in some faculties were not willing to implement blended learning. The challenges were that because of big numbers of over 200 students in one class, it was not safe and possible to stick to the five golden rules of Covid-19. Some students were not able to access online services because of non-payment of the 50% threshold on tuition fees to access the services. Other challenges were that there was poor internet connectivity at the university, the e-learning tool (MOODLE) was limiting, the university did not have sufficient infrastructure to support blended learning and the Visually Impaired (VI) students were not able to access e-learning services. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the university invests heavily in ICT and infrastructure if blended learning was to be a success. Furthermore, the study recommends that students be oriented on e-learning tools. There is need in future to investigate how the Information Communication Technology (ICT) section at Kwame Nkrumah University was ready to implement blended learning.
I.-INTRODUCTION Employer resistance to workers' demands for better economic and social conditions... more I.-INTRODUCTION Employer resistance to workers' demands for better economic and social conditions often leads to strike action. This article will discuss conditions and events surrounding a strike organized by the Zambia National Union of Teachers (ZNUT) which occurred in two phases: May-June 1968, and June 1970. The first phase lasted for five days, affected certain schools only in Copperbelt Province, and was resolved through persuasion from the ZNUT leadership following an undertaking by the Ministry of Education to meet the teachers' grievances. This phase will be discussed briefly to show how eventually it culminated in a countrywide strike in June 1970 involving about 20,000 teachers. This second phase which lasted for three weeks, had a wider impact and caused a political rift • between the Ministry of Education, as the direct employer of the teachers, and the Ministry of Labour and Social Services, which is responsible for arbitrating labour disputes. The strained relations between two government ministries, in fact, pointed to deeper political strife in the ruling party, the United National Independence Party (UNIP). Political cohesion in the country waned because opposition to the UNIP increased, and open support from other labour organizations for the ZNUT pointed to the possibility of worsening political instability. Simultaneously, the inherited colonial class relations were being restructured through the "nationalization" of the mining industry in August 1969. Thus, the teachers' strike took place at a critical time when the state bureaucrats took political action to expand conditions essential to the rise of an indigenous capital-owning class. The 1970 strike was the subject of a governement board of inquiry chaired by Hosea J. Soko, 1 whose report provides much of the evidence in * I am grateful to Professor J. Bertin Webster for perceptive comments on an earlier draft of this paper. This paper was originally presented to a seminar at the Centre for African Studies, Dalltousie University, in February 1980, and also read at a conference on • 'The Evolving Structure of the Zambian Society", at the University of Edinburgh in May 1980. I am indebted to both gatherings for various useful comments.
International Journal of African Historical Studies, 1983
After unsuccessful attempts in the 1900s, Virginia flue-cured ... Luangwa (Eastern Province) and ... more After unsuccessful attempts in the 1900s, Virginia flue-cured ... Luangwa (Eastern Province) and an important additional source of ... Virginia tobacco.2 The key to understanding the development of tobacco production ... *This paper was first presented to the 11th Conference of the ...
Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review, 2003
... Similar reasoning is found in Campbell Page 3. Ackson Kanduza. Tackling HIV/AIDS and Related ... more ... Similar reasoning is found in Campbell Page 3. Ackson Kanduza. Tackling HIV/AIDS and Related Stigma 77 ... Page 5. Ackson Kanduza. Tackling HIV/AIDS and Related Stigma 79 patients with sexually transmitted infections (STI) and TB patients. ...
Leroy Vail (ed.), The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa (James Currey: London and Universi... more Leroy Vail (ed.), The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa (James Currey: London and University of California Press: Berkeley, 1989) xiv + 422pp, £12.95/£30.00.Claude Meillasoux (ed.), Verrouillage ethnique en Afrique du Sud (UNESCO: Paris, 1988) 118pp, pbk, no price indicated.Gerhard Maré and Georgina Hamilton, An Appetite for Power; Buthelezi's Inkatha and South Africa (Indiana University Press: Bloomington, 1987).Mzala, Gatsha Buthelezi:
The International Journal of African Historical Studies, 1983
After unsuccessful attempts in the 1900s, Virginia flue-cured ... Luangwa (Eastern Province) and ... more After unsuccessful attempts in the 1900s, Virginia flue-cured ... Luangwa (Eastern Province) and an important additional source of ... Virginia tobacco.2 The key to understanding the development of tobacco production ... *This paper was first presented to the 11th Conference of the ...
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