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- Die Sangiin-Wahl 1989, formell die „15. ordentliche Wahl von Sangiinabgeordneten“ (jap. 第15回参議院議員通常選挙, dai-jūgo-kai Sangiin giin tsūjō senkyo), zum japanischen Rätehaus (Sangiin), dem Oberhaus (jōin) des nationalen Parlaments (Kokkai) fand am 23. Juli 1989 statt. Zur Wahl stand die Hälfte der Kammer, 126 Abgeordnete, in einem Grabenwahlsystem: 76 wurden in den Präfekturen durch einfache nicht-übertragbare Stimme bzw. einfache Mehrheitswahl in den Einmandatswahlkreisen gewählt, 50 durch landesweite Verhältniswahl. (de)
- House of Councillors elections were held in Japan on 23 July 1989. There were several controversial issues dominating the pre-election atmosphere, all of which reflected negatively of the ruling LDP. The most important, according to most polls, was the introduction of an unpopular 3% consumption tax law which had been forced through the Diet by Prime Minister Noboru Takeshita despite boycotts by the opposition parties, an act which hurt the LDP's image with the public. A second issue was the infamous Recruit scandal, which induced the resignation of Takeshita and his cabinet members and left a major stain on the LDP's integrity to the public. There was also resistance to the LDP's gradual adoption of import liberalisation of food products. Even more, there was incumbent Prime Minister Sōsuke Uno's sex scandal which had come to light only a month earlier. The result of all of this negative feeling towards the LDP was an unprecedented victory for the Japan Socialist Party (JSP), roughly doubling its share of the popular vote when compared to the previous House of Councillors election, and being the only major pre-existing party to see a net increase in its share of the popular vote; the other opposition parties, which had more success in the past while the JSP stagnated, saw net decreases in both popular votes as well as seat numbers. Moreover, although the Japanese Communist Party has historically contributed to vote splitting by fielding candidates in every district, the overall decline in support for the JCP is thought to have helped jointly-backed opposition candidates in this election. In any event, the JSP would cooperate with the other opposition parties in order to form a majority coalition over a minority LDP, a historical first for the House of Councillors. Meanwhile, the LDP lost the popular vote in an election for the first time in its history, and the only prefectures in which any LDP candidates were able to win any seats were Toyama, Shiga, and Wakayama. The LDP's losses were strongest in single-member constituencies, but less strongly felt in multi-member constituencies, no doubt partly due to the above mentioned relative lack of vote splitting in this election. After this election, the LDP designated as its new leader Toshiki Kaifu, who belonged to the same historical faction as Takeo Miki, and who, like Miki, was reform-minded; ironically, Kaifu later defected from the LDP in the mid 1990s in order to join the opposition, although he eventually returned to the LDP in the 21st century. (en)
- 제15회 일본 참의원의원 통상선거는 1989년 7월 23일에 시행된 일본 참의원의원의 선거이다. (ko)
- 第15回参議院議員通常選挙（だい15かいさんぎいんぎいんつうじょうせんきょ）は、1989年（平成元年）7月23日に行われた日本の国会（参議院）議員の選挙である。 (ja)
- 第15屆日本參議院議員通常選舉於1989年7月23日舉行。当时日本处于自民党宇野宗佑执政时期。依照惯例，这次选举对日本参议院252名议员中的半数，即126名议员进行改选。因自民党主导的内阁引入3%的消费税，加之前任党首兼首相竹下登和中曾根康弘卷入里庫路特事件以及时任党首兼首相宇野宗佑卷入性丑闻，因此选举结果对自民党不利。 这次选举后，自民党虽然仍是参议院第一大党，但却失去了参议院的多数地位，直到2016年的第24屆日本參議院議員通常選舉才恢复参议院的多数地位。时任日本首相兼自民党总裁宇野宗佑也因此辞职。日本社会党获得24个席位，维持参议院第二大党地位。 (zh)
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- 1989 Japanese House of Councillors election (en)
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- Die Sangiin-Wahl 1989, formell die „15. ordentliche Wahl von Sangiinabgeordneten“ (jap. 第15回参議院議員通常選挙, dai-jūgo-kai Sangiin giin tsūjō senkyo), zum japanischen Rätehaus (Sangiin), dem Oberhaus (jōin) des nationalen Parlaments (Kokkai) fand am 23. Juli 1989 statt. Zur Wahl stand die Hälfte der Kammer, 126 Abgeordnete, in einem Grabenwahlsystem: 76 wurden in den Präfekturen durch einfache nicht-übertragbare Stimme bzw. einfache Mehrheitswahl in den Einmandatswahlkreisen gewählt, 50 durch landesweite Verhältniswahl. (de)
- 제15회 일본 참의원의원 통상선거는 1989년 7월 23일에 시행된 일본 참의원의원의 선거이다. (ko)
- 第15回参議院議員通常選挙（だい15かいさんぎいんぎいんつうじょうせんきょ）は、1989年（平成元年）7月23日に行われた日本の国会（参議院）議員の選挙である。 (ja)
- 第15屆日本參議院議員通常選舉於1989年7月23日舉行。当时日本处于自民党宇野宗佑执政时期。依照惯例，这次选举对日本参议院252名议员中的半数，即126名议员进行改选。因自民党主导的内阁引入3%的消费税，加之前任党首兼首相竹下登和中曾根康弘卷入里庫路特事件以及时任党首兼首相宇野宗佑卷入性丑闻，因此选举结果对自民党不利。 这次选举后，自民党虽然仍是参议院第一大党，但却失去了参议院的多数地位，直到2016年的第24屆日本參議院議員通常選舉才恢复参议院的多数地位。时任日本首相兼自民党总裁宇野宗佑也因此辞职。日本社会党获得24个席位，维持参议院第二大党地位。 (zh)
- House of Councillors elections were held in Japan on 23 July 1989. There were several controversial issues dominating the pre-election atmosphere, all of which reflected negatively of the ruling LDP. The most important, according to most polls, was the introduction of an unpopular 3% consumption tax law which had been forced through the Diet by Prime Minister Noboru Takeshita despite boycotts by the opposition parties, an act which hurt the LDP's image with the public. A second issue was the infamous Recruit scandal, which induced the resignation of Takeshita and his cabinet members and left a major stain on the LDP's integrity to the public. There was also resistance to the LDP's gradual adoption of import liberalisation of food products. Even more, there was incumbent Prime Minister Sōsu (en)
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- Sangiin-Wahl 1989 (de)
- 1989 Japanese House of Councillors election (en)
- 第15回参議院議員通常選挙 (ja)
- 제15회 일본 참의원 의원 통상선거 (ko)
- 第15屆日本參議院議員通常選舉 (zh)
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