The option of building ideal gyrators with operational amplifiers should be specially mentioned because this possibility doesn't exist when the circuit is built with Hall gyrators, given their natural lossy behaviour [14-15].
Mitra, "Equivalent Circuits of Gyrators," Electronics Letters, vol.
Bilgic, "Power Converters as Natural Gyrators," IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, vol.
Antoniou, "Realisation of gyrators using operational amplifiers, and their use in RC-active-network synthesis," Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, London, vol.
DiVincenzo, "Hall Effect Gyrators and Circulators," Physical Review X, vol.
Farine, "Design methodology for common-mode stability of OTA-based gyrators," International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications, p.
Caloz, "Coupling Matrix Synthesis of Nonreciprocal Lossless Two-Port Networks Using Gyrators and Inverters," IEEE Trans.
In terms of structure, a unidirectional two-port can be implemented through an appropriate combination of a gyrator with a reciprocal two-port.
ANALYSIS OF A GYRATOR BUILT WITH OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
An example of gyrator with operational amplifiers is shown below, in Figure 2 [9-10].
Assuming that the open loop gain is infinite for the two operational amplifiers, the equations of Antoniou gyrator can be detracted as follows:
Due to the fact that the product of transfer conductance is negative ([G.sub.12][[G.sub.21]<0), it can be concludes that the analyzed schematics has a gyrator like behaviour [11].
The encapsulating quality of the RP particles using the new nozzle with and without gyrators is further compared by the SEM images shown in Fig.
when the design of four parts--such as Laval pipe section, rotatable outer shell, narrow orbicular channel section, and gyrators section--is logical, it is suitable for the preparation of microencapsulated particles by RESS.
