The article represents a comprehensive catalogue of all currently known non-composi- tional repet... more The article represents a comprehensive catalogue of all currently known non-composi- tional repetitions and tautologies, and it examines their semantics and pragmatics. Particular attention is paid to quasi-synonymy of constructions.
Alan Timberlake. A Reference Grammar of Russian. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2004. pp.... more Alan Timberlake. A Reference Grammar of Russian. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2004. pp. 510. Not since the 1947 publication of Vinogradov's classic Russkij jazyk has there been such a monumental work describing the intricacies of the Russian language and its grammar written by a single author. A Reference Grammar of Russian (henceforth Grammar) systematizes research in the area of the Russian language over the past fifty years. Considering the wealth of information, it is difficult to do justice to the Grammar. Its main contribution is the systematic approach to the Russian language and to its individual areas, be it the sound system or stress pattern or the analysis of arguments. The Grammar takes a non-dogmatic and non-prescriptive approach and often weighs tendencies rather than presenting clear-cut dichotomies. On several occasions it presents a sensible and highly enlightening reanalysis of the Jakobsonian case system and one-stem verbal system. On a number of occasions Timberlake offers historical insights to help the reader understand anomalies, which I consider a very valuable element, not common for reference grammars. The many examples, even though without attribution, are authentic with very few exceptions: (1) [*] [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.], [*][TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.], [*] [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] (all 197), and two dealing with time expressions: [*] [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? instead of B [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? and [*][TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? 'what time is it?' instead of [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? (both 432). Example ([4.125]) is given as "from a novel of 1925" (203); in fact that example happened to be from a 1993 edition of Suetonius, [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] (Moscow: Nauka) translated by M. L. Gasparov. In one instance the source could have been provided as a sheer courtesy to the less informed reader, instead of "A no less famous example from an earlier time" (231, fn. 61). In some cases attribution would have been helpful when the accuracy of an example is in doubt, for example, [5.235] ... [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] '... neither Papa nor Laura.' [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] being highly uncommon, it is likely that the name is [??]epa, the diminutive from Ba[??]epu[??], but checking the original would resolve the doubt. Chapter 1. Russian The concise history of the writing system, which is not commonly part of reference grammars, is quite illuminating. There is also a good analysis of transliteration systems and an excellent analysis of the positives and negatives of various web resources. There are only a few things that could be added or changed. First, the other languages that use the Cyrillic alphabet are listed as Ukrainian, Serbian and Bulgarian. Among the Slavic languages Belorusian and Macedonian could have been added, as well as mention of the large number of non-Slavic languages on former Soviet territory. Second, the year of Charlemagne's death is given as 917 A.D. (11). According to the encyclopedia Larousse, he died in 814 A. D. Third, in Table 1.3 (12) and then throughout the Grammar the italic for letter [??]/[??], is given as g, while it should be [??]. Interestingly, on page 421, [??] appears once. This is the letter that is listed as italic in the entry [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] in Russkij jazyk. Enciklopedia (17) and that can be found in any Russian dictionary as part of the grammatical notations. (2) Fourth, the discussion of the use of the letter > could include instances where its presence disambiguates homographs: 1. a. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]. 'They all found out.' (3) b. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]. 'They found out everything.' There are even instances of a total change of meaning depending on whether [??]ce or [??]ce is used: 2. …
The paper investigates the semantics and grammatical features of the Russian particles znaj and s... more The paper investigates the semantics and grammatical features of the Russian particles znaj and sebe and also their combination znaj sebe, the study of which has until recently been rather neglected and which often treated as synonymous. We show that they are in fact quasi-synonymous. What both particles (and their combination) have in common is the durative, imperfective nature of the verb that combines with them. However, there are also considerable semantic differences between these particles. On the basis of a qualitative analysis of corpus data, we show that these semantic differences are reflected in the question of whether the subject can be inanimate, the combinatory possibilities with pust’, and the possibility of combining the particle with a perfective verb.
Alan Timberlake. A Reference Grammar of Russian. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2004. pp.... more Alan Timberlake. A Reference Grammar of Russian. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2004. pp. 510. Not since the 1947 publication of Vinogradov's classic Russkij jazyk has there been such a monumental work describing the intricacies of the Russian language and its grammar written by a single author. A Reference Grammar of Russian (henceforth Grammar) systematizes research in the area of the Russian language over the past fifty years. Considering the wealth of information, it is difficult to do justice to the Grammar. Its main contribution is the systematic approach to the Russian language and to its individual areas, be it the sound system or stress pattern or the analysis of arguments. The Grammar takes a non-dogmatic and non-prescriptive approach and often weighs tendencies rather than presenting clear-cut dichotomies. On several occasions it presents a sensible and highly enlightening reanalysis of the Jakobsonian case system and one-stem verbal system. On a number of occ...
The article analyses verbs of motion with the prefixes u-, vy-, and po- as opposed to pri-. The p... more The article analyses verbs of motion with the prefixes u-, vy-, and po- as opposed to pri-. The prefixes u-, vy-, and po-, while all denoting the Figure's beginning of the motion, have different focus. It also examines the two prefixes ot-, ot(1)- meaning the movement away from the Source and ot(2)- meaning delivery to the Goal.
В статье рассматриваются инфинитивные конструкции с частицей ЖЕ. Анализ показывает, что существуе... more В статье рассматриваются инфинитивные конструкции с частицей ЖЕ. Анализ показывает, что существует три различных частицы ЖЕ: дискурсивная частица ЖЕ1, которая напоминает собеседнику об уже известной информации, ЖЕ2, которая указывает на кореферентность двух субъектов, и противительная частица ЖЕ3, которая указывает на противопоставление двух субъектов. В инфинитивных конструкциях с частицей ЖЕ строго закреплен порядок слов. Все конструкции рассматриваются отдельно и в сопоставлении с аналогичной конструкцией без ЖЕ. В результате выделяются конструкции, в которых семантика сводится к сумме базовой конструкции плюс значение ЖЕ, и конструкции, в которых семантика конструкции несводима к ее составляющим.
Alan Timberlake. A Reference Grammar of Russian. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2004. pp.... more Alan Timberlake. A Reference Grammar of Russian. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2004. pp. 510. Not since the 1947 publication of Vinogradov's classic Russkij jazyk has there been such a monumental work describing the intricacies of the Russian language and its grammar written by a single author. A Reference Grammar of Russian (henceforth Grammar) systematizes research in the area of the Russian language over the past fifty years. Considering the wealth of information, it is difficult to do justice to the Grammar. Its main contribution is the systematic approach to the Russian language and to its individual areas, be it the sound system or stress pattern or the analysis of arguments. The Grammar takes a non-dogmatic and non-prescriptive approach and often weighs tendencies rather than presenting clear-cut dichotomies. On several occasions it presents a sensible and highly enlightening reanalysis of the Jakobsonian case system and one-stem verbal system. On a number of occasions Timberlake offers historical insights to help the reader understand anomalies, which I consider a very valuable element, not common for reference grammars. The many examples, even though without attribution, are authentic with very few exceptions: (1) [*] [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.], [*][TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.], [*] [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] (all 197), and two dealing with time expressions: [*] [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? instead of B [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? and [*][TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? 'what time is it?' instead of [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? (both 432). Example ([4.125]) is given as "from a novel of 1925" (203); in fact that example happened to be from a 1993 edition of Suetonius, [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] (Moscow: Nauka) translated by M. L. Gasparov. In one instance the source could have been provided as a sheer courtesy to the less informed reader, instead of "A no less famous example from an earlier time" (231, fn. 61). In some cases attribution would have been helpful when the accuracy of an example is in doubt, for example, [5.235] ... [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] '... neither Papa nor Laura.' [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] being highly uncommon, it is likely that the name is [??]epa, the diminutive from Ba[??]epu[??], but checking the original would resolve the doubt. Chapter 1. Russian The concise history of the writing system, which is not commonly part of reference grammars, is quite illuminating. There is also a good analysis of transliteration systems and an excellent analysis of the positives and negatives of various web resources. There are only a few things that could be added or changed. First, the other languages that use the Cyrillic alphabet are listed as Ukrainian, Serbian and Bulgarian. Among the Slavic languages Belorusian and Macedonian could have been added, as well as mention of the large number of non-Slavic languages on former Soviet territory. Second, the year of Charlemagne's death is given as 917 A.D. (11). According to the encyclopedia Larousse, he died in 814 A. D. Third, in Table 1.3 (12) and then throughout the Grammar the italic for letter [??]/[??], is given as g, while it should be [??]. Interestingly, on page 421, [??] appears once. This is the letter that is listed as italic in the entry [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] in Russkij jazyk. Enciklopedia (17) and that can be found in any Russian dictionary as part of the grammatical notations. (2) Fourth, the discussion of the use of the letter > could include instances where its presence disambiguates homographs: 1. a. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]. 'They all found out.' (3) b. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]. 'They found out everything.' There are even instances of a total change of meaning depending on whether [??]ce or [??]ce is used: 2. …
This article analyzes the use of imperfective aspect as opposed to perfective in WHO questions an... more This article analyzes the use of imperfective aspect as opposed to perfective in WHO questions and in non-WHO questions. The choice of aspect in WHO questions reflects a cross-section of lexical factors, such as the verbal qualities described in Vendler's system of subcategorization (in particular Accomplishments vs. Achievements), and discourse factors. The discourse factors include the presence or absence of a pragmatic contract, that is when the agent is expected to perform the action ; the unique quality of the action (or the object NP) ; contrastiveness, when the action is known or expected and there is a limited group of potential agents. In addition, speakers' perceptions and attitude play a role in determining the aspect : reproach in WHO and non-WHO questions, and emulation in non-WHO questions
Russian language uses syntactic reduplication (repetition of a word or modified word within the s... more Russian language uses syntactic reduplication (repetition of a word or modified word within the same prosodic unit) widely. This study examines one particular usage: reduplication as an answer in dialogues. Traditionally, Grice's principle of cooperation has been viewed as a maxim which applies to the locutionary aspect of communication. This study takes a different view of the principle: (a) it is not a maxim, hence not a constant, but an underlying principle that encompasses a range of progressive possibilities; (b) it involves not only locutionary, but also perceptual, perlocutionary, and empathetic levels. Analysis of Russian data reveals that syntactic reduplication in responses in dialogues is a device used either to request or to promise a higher degree of cooperation.
... schema of a CONTAINER (Langacker 1990, see also Nesset's contribution to this volume... more ... schema of a CONTAINER (Langacker 1990, see also Nesset's contribution to this volume) and a PATH used in cognitive linguistics as well as in connection with verbs of motion. ... (22) a. Vremjausek? Usek, podtverdal ded, klal (lay.IPF.TR.M) budil'nik v karmanA (in ...
... Goncharov. ... with the present is like an afterthought, particularly since the poet in quest... more ... Goncharov. ... with the present is like an afterthought, particularly since the poet in question, while still writing, no longer exercises the same power on that individual reader: (21) Samym krupnym poètom v ètoj gruppe [50x godov] byl i ostaetsja Stanislav Krasovickij. On i sejc¡ as ...
The article represents a comprehensive catalogue of all currently known non-composi- tional repet... more The article represents a comprehensive catalogue of all currently known non-composi- tional repetitions and tautologies, and it examines their semantics and pragmatics. Particular attention is paid to quasi-synonymy of constructions.
Alan Timberlake. A Reference Grammar of Russian. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2004. pp.... more Alan Timberlake. A Reference Grammar of Russian. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2004. pp. 510. Not since the 1947 publication of Vinogradov's classic Russkij jazyk has there been such a monumental work describing the intricacies of the Russian language and its grammar written by a single author. A Reference Grammar of Russian (henceforth Grammar) systematizes research in the area of the Russian language over the past fifty years. Considering the wealth of information, it is difficult to do justice to the Grammar. Its main contribution is the systematic approach to the Russian language and to its individual areas, be it the sound system or stress pattern or the analysis of arguments. The Grammar takes a non-dogmatic and non-prescriptive approach and often weighs tendencies rather than presenting clear-cut dichotomies. On several occasions it presents a sensible and highly enlightening reanalysis of the Jakobsonian case system and one-stem verbal system. On a number of occasions Timberlake offers historical insights to help the reader understand anomalies, which I consider a very valuable element, not common for reference grammars. The many examples, even though without attribution, are authentic with very few exceptions: (1) [*] [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.], [*][TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.], [*] [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] (all 197), and two dealing with time expressions: [*] [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? instead of B [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? and [*][TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? 'what time is it?' instead of [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? (both 432). Example ([4.125]) is given as "from a novel of 1925" (203); in fact that example happened to be from a 1993 edition of Suetonius, [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] (Moscow: Nauka) translated by M. L. Gasparov. In one instance the source could have been provided as a sheer courtesy to the less informed reader, instead of "A no less famous example from an earlier time" (231, fn. 61). In some cases attribution would have been helpful when the accuracy of an example is in doubt, for example, [5.235] ... [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] '... neither Papa nor Laura.' [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] being highly uncommon, it is likely that the name is [??]epa, the diminutive from Ba[??]epu[??], but checking the original would resolve the doubt. Chapter 1. Russian The concise history of the writing system, which is not commonly part of reference grammars, is quite illuminating. There is also a good analysis of transliteration systems and an excellent analysis of the positives and negatives of various web resources. There are only a few things that could be added or changed. First, the other languages that use the Cyrillic alphabet are listed as Ukrainian, Serbian and Bulgarian. Among the Slavic languages Belorusian and Macedonian could have been added, as well as mention of the large number of non-Slavic languages on former Soviet territory. Second, the year of Charlemagne's death is given as 917 A.D. (11). According to the encyclopedia Larousse, he died in 814 A. D. Third, in Table 1.3 (12) and then throughout the Grammar the italic for letter [??]/[??], is given as g, while it should be [??]. Interestingly, on page 421, [??] appears once. This is the letter that is listed as italic in the entry [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] in Russkij jazyk. Enciklopedia (17) and that can be found in any Russian dictionary as part of the grammatical notations. (2) Fourth, the discussion of the use of the letter > could include instances where its presence disambiguates homographs: 1. a. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]. 'They all found out.' (3) b. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]. 'They found out everything.' There are even instances of a total change of meaning depending on whether [??]ce or [??]ce is used: 2. …
The paper investigates the semantics and grammatical features of the Russian particles znaj and s... more The paper investigates the semantics and grammatical features of the Russian particles znaj and sebe and also their combination znaj sebe, the study of which has until recently been rather neglected and which often treated as synonymous. We show that they are in fact quasi-synonymous. What both particles (and their combination) have in common is the durative, imperfective nature of the verb that combines with them. However, there are also considerable semantic differences between these particles. On the basis of a qualitative analysis of corpus data, we show that these semantic differences are reflected in the question of whether the subject can be inanimate, the combinatory possibilities with pust’, and the possibility of combining the particle with a perfective verb.
Alan Timberlake. A Reference Grammar of Russian. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2004. pp.... more Alan Timberlake. A Reference Grammar of Russian. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2004. pp. 510. Not since the 1947 publication of Vinogradov's classic Russkij jazyk has there been such a monumental work describing the intricacies of the Russian language and its grammar written by a single author. A Reference Grammar of Russian (henceforth Grammar) systematizes research in the area of the Russian language over the past fifty years. Considering the wealth of information, it is difficult to do justice to the Grammar. Its main contribution is the systematic approach to the Russian language and to its individual areas, be it the sound system or stress pattern or the analysis of arguments. The Grammar takes a non-dogmatic and non-prescriptive approach and often weighs tendencies rather than presenting clear-cut dichotomies. On several occasions it presents a sensible and highly enlightening reanalysis of the Jakobsonian case system and one-stem verbal system. On a number of occ...
The article analyses verbs of motion with the prefixes u-, vy-, and po- as opposed to pri-. The p... more The article analyses verbs of motion with the prefixes u-, vy-, and po- as opposed to pri-. The prefixes u-, vy-, and po-, while all denoting the Figure's beginning of the motion, have different focus. It also examines the two prefixes ot-, ot(1)- meaning the movement away from the Source and ot(2)- meaning delivery to the Goal.
В статье рассматриваются инфинитивные конструкции с частицей ЖЕ. Анализ показывает, что существуе... more В статье рассматриваются инфинитивные конструкции с частицей ЖЕ. Анализ показывает, что существует три различных частицы ЖЕ: дискурсивная частица ЖЕ1, которая напоминает собеседнику об уже известной информации, ЖЕ2, которая указывает на кореферентность двух субъектов, и противительная частица ЖЕ3, которая указывает на противопоставление двух субъектов. В инфинитивных конструкциях с частицей ЖЕ строго закреплен порядок слов. Все конструкции рассматриваются отдельно и в сопоставлении с аналогичной конструкцией без ЖЕ. В результате выделяются конструкции, в которых семантика сводится к сумме базовой конструкции плюс значение ЖЕ, и конструкции, в которых семантика конструкции несводима к ее составляющим.
Alan Timberlake. A Reference Grammar of Russian. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2004. pp.... more Alan Timberlake. A Reference Grammar of Russian. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2004. pp. 510. Not since the 1947 publication of Vinogradov's classic Russkij jazyk has there been such a monumental work describing the intricacies of the Russian language and its grammar written by a single author. A Reference Grammar of Russian (henceforth Grammar) systematizes research in the area of the Russian language over the past fifty years. Considering the wealth of information, it is difficult to do justice to the Grammar. Its main contribution is the systematic approach to the Russian language and to its individual areas, be it the sound system or stress pattern or the analysis of arguments. The Grammar takes a non-dogmatic and non-prescriptive approach and often weighs tendencies rather than presenting clear-cut dichotomies. On several occasions it presents a sensible and highly enlightening reanalysis of the Jakobsonian case system and one-stem verbal system. On a number of occasions Timberlake offers historical insights to help the reader understand anomalies, which I consider a very valuable element, not common for reference grammars. The many examples, even though without attribution, are authentic with very few exceptions: (1) [*] [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.], [*][TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.], [*] [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] (all 197), and two dealing with time expressions: [*] [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? instead of B [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? and [*][TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? 'what time is it?' instead of [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]? (both 432). Example ([4.125]) is given as "from a novel of 1925" (203); in fact that example happened to be from a 1993 edition of Suetonius, [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] (Moscow: Nauka) translated by M. L. Gasparov. In one instance the source could have been provided as a sheer courtesy to the less informed reader, instead of "A no less famous example from an earlier time" (231, fn. 61). In some cases attribution would have been helpful when the accuracy of an example is in doubt, for example, [5.235] ... [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] '... neither Papa nor Laura.' [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] being highly uncommon, it is likely that the name is [??]epa, the diminutive from Ba[??]epu[??], but checking the original would resolve the doubt. Chapter 1. Russian The concise history of the writing system, which is not commonly part of reference grammars, is quite illuminating. There is also a good analysis of transliteration systems and an excellent analysis of the positives and negatives of various web resources. There are only a few things that could be added or changed. First, the other languages that use the Cyrillic alphabet are listed as Ukrainian, Serbian and Bulgarian. Among the Slavic languages Belorusian and Macedonian could have been added, as well as mention of the large number of non-Slavic languages on former Soviet territory. Second, the year of Charlemagne's death is given as 917 A.D. (11). According to the encyclopedia Larousse, he died in 814 A. D. Third, in Table 1.3 (12) and then throughout the Grammar the italic for letter [??]/[??], is given as g, while it should be [??]. Interestingly, on page 421, [??] appears once. This is the letter that is listed as italic in the entry [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] in Russkij jazyk. Enciklopedia (17) and that can be found in any Russian dictionary as part of the grammatical notations. (2) Fourth, the discussion of the use of the letter > could include instances where its presence disambiguates homographs: 1. a. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]. 'They all found out.' (3) b. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.]. 'They found out everything.' There are even instances of a total change of meaning depending on whether [??]ce or [??]ce is used: 2. …
This article analyzes the use of imperfective aspect as opposed to perfective in WHO questions an... more This article analyzes the use of imperfective aspect as opposed to perfective in WHO questions and in non-WHO questions. The choice of aspect in WHO questions reflects a cross-section of lexical factors, such as the verbal qualities described in Vendler's system of subcategorization (in particular Accomplishments vs. Achievements), and discourse factors. The discourse factors include the presence or absence of a pragmatic contract, that is when the agent is expected to perform the action ; the unique quality of the action (or the object NP) ; contrastiveness, when the action is known or expected and there is a limited group of potential agents. In addition, speakers' perceptions and attitude play a role in determining the aspect : reproach in WHO and non-WHO questions, and emulation in non-WHO questions
Russian language uses syntactic reduplication (repetition of a word or modified word within the s... more Russian language uses syntactic reduplication (repetition of a word or modified word within the same prosodic unit) widely. This study examines one particular usage: reduplication as an answer in dialogues. Traditionally, Grice's principle of cooperation has been viewed as a maxim which applies to the locutionary aspect of communication. This study takes a different view of the principle: (a) it is not a maxim, hence not a constant, but an underlying principle that encompasses a range of progressive possibilities; (b) it involves not only locutionary, but also perceptual, perlocutionary, and empathetic levels. Analysis of Russian data reveals that syntactic reduplication in responses in dialogues is a device used either to request or to promise a higher degree of cooperation.
... schema of a CONTAINER (Langacker 1990, see also Nesset's contribution to this volume... more ... schema of a CONTAINER (Langacker 1990, see also Nesset's contribution to this volume) and a PATH used in cognitive linguistics as well as in connection with verbs of motion. ... (22) a. Vremjausek? Usek, podtverdal ded, klal (lay.IPF.TR.M) budil'nik v karmanA (in ...
... Goncharov. ... with the present is like an afterthought, particularly since the poet in quest... more ... Goncharov. ... with the present is like an afterthought, particularly since the poet in question, while still writing, no longer exercises the same power on that individual reader: (21) Samym krupnym poètom v ètoj gruppe [50x godov] byl i ostaetsja Stanislav Krasovickij. On i sejc¡ as ...
За последнее время появилось много работ о тавтологиях и в английском и других языках. Различные ... more За последнее время появилось много работ о тавтологиях и в английском и других языках. Различные точки зрения на тавтологии породили дискуссию «прагматика» это или «семантика», которую Окамото (1993) назвала "controversy"контроверза, противоречие. У Окамото мы также находим подробный анализ различных подходов к исследованию тавтологий: подхода радикальной прагматики Грайса -Левинсона (1983), радикальной семантики Вежбицкой (1987, 1991) и нерадикального подхода Фрейзера. Она также демонстрирует на материале японских номинативных тавтологий, что нерадикальный подход лучше подходит для описания исконного значения и контекстуального значения номинативных тавтологий. Bulhof and Gimbel (2001, 2004) предложили идею «глубинных тавтологий». В их понимании тавтологии переводимы тавтологиями же именно потому, что это тавтологии. В данной работе будет продемонстрировано, что некоторые типы тавтологий переводимы тавтологиями, а некоторые непереводимы. Более того, количество русских тавтологий значительно превосходит количество английских тавтологий, равно как и французских и других западно-европейских языков, и они имеют различное значение, при этом, как мы увидим, у некоторых русских тавтологий присутствует значение, которое не встречается у английских, и есть одно значение английских тавтологий, которое не встречается у русских. Самое большое количество тавтологий описано у Тулиной (1970) -четыре с двумя подтипами и одним дополнительным, и у Исламовой (1985) -пять типов. Они частично совпадают и в сумме составляют восемь типов. Из более поздних работ следует упомянуть Булыгину и Шмелева (1997) впервые различивших [N есть N] и [N это N], Николину (1984) и Вилинбахову (2016).
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