Two new alkaloids have been isolated from the leaves of Aberia cafJra, and characterised as aberi... more Two new alkaloids have been isolated from the leaves of Aberia cafJra, and characterised as aberiamine N 1 pentyl-IO-(1,3-dimethylhexahydro-2-pyrimidinyl)-I-decanamine and aberiamide N-' [ {(E)-I-butenyl 17-dimethylcarboxamidoheptadecyl)arnino) methyl]-N-I-methylacetamide. In addition to a-,p-amyrin, p-sitosterol and its glucoside, three flavonoids, have also been isolated. Identification of these compounds has been done by spectral analysis and comparison with authentic samples.
This study was designed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of the different successive e... more This study was designed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of the different successive extractives of the aerial parts of Cassia occidentalis L., on carbon tetrachloride (CCL 4) induced hepatotoxicity in adult Wistar rats. Sixty-six male albino rats were divided into eleven groups. First group received Tween only and served as control group. The second group injected with CCL 4 (1:1) in olive oil, at a dose of 2 ml/kg B.W. The third group injected with CCL 4 in the same dose and Silymarin (25 mg /kg) orally for 7 days and served as reference group. Groups from four to eleven served as test groups injected with CCL 4 in the same previous dose in addition to oral daily administration by one of either 200 or 400 mg /kg B.W. from each of the four extractives of Cassia occidentalis (total methanolic, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts). Treatment started one day after the injection of CCl 4 and extended for two weeks. Parameters for liver function tests: Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Bilirubinas as well as kidney function tests: Serum urea and Creatinine were determined spectrophotometrically. The different extractives of C. occidentalis L. showed improvement in both liver and kidney function indices, while ethyl acetate exteractive either in 200 or 400 mg/kg B.W., showed the best results. Histopathology of liver tissue specimens supported these results. The biologically guided fractionation of C. occidentalis L. methanolic extract, revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited a significant dose dependant protective effect on both liver and kidney. The ethyl acetate fraction revealed activity approached that of silymarin (a known hepatoprotective agent). Chromatographic fractionation of the ethyl acetate fraction afford 6 purified compounds, identified on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic analysis as: naringenin (1), quercetin (2), 1,8-dihydroxy anthraquinone (3), 1,3,8-trihydroxy anthraquinone (4), chrysoeriol-7-O-rutinoside (5) and rutin (6). The isolated phenolics probably account for the hepatoprotective effect of the extract.
Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2013
Tribulus terrestris L. is an annual, prostrate, bra anched herb of the Zygophyllaceae family. In ... more Tribulus terrestris L. is an annual, prostrate, bra anched herb of the Zygophyllaceae family. In traditional medicine, hot wa ater extract of the root is taken orally as an aphrodisiac. Therefore, in this context the detailed pharmacognostic study of root has been carried out wit h the aim to establish its pharmacognostical standards. The microscopical stu udies of root revealed the presence of cluster crystals, starch granules, lignifie ed fibers, pitted wood parenchyma and pitted xylem vessel.
African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 2011
The lipid content of Atriplex semibacata growing in Egypt was studied. The unsaponifiable fractio... more The lipid content of Atriplex semibacata growing in Egypt was studied. The unsaponifiable fraction was identified by GLC. A series of hydrocarbons ranging from C 14-C 28 in addition to cholesterol, stigmasterol and the triterpenoids and -amyrin were identified. GLC analysis of fatty alcohols fraction revealed the presence of six fatty alcohols in which dotriacontanol (C 32 H 66 O) was the major (14.68%). Six compounds (five coumarins and one phenolic acid) were isolated for the first time from A. semibacata. The coumarin constituents isolated from the chloroform and the ethyl acetate fractions of the aqueous alcoholic extract of A. semibacata were identified as scopoletin, umbelliferorne, coumarin, scopolin, 7-methoxy coumarin in addition to a phenolic acid P-coumaric acid. Also, the flavonoidal compounds isolated from the n-butanol fraction of the plant revealed the presence of kaempferol 3-O glucoside and acacetin. Their identity was proved by m.p., TLC, PC, UV and MS analysis. The alcohol extract showed significant antimicrobial activity against G-ve bacteria, moderate activity against G+ve bacteria. On the other hand, the pet. Ether extract showed marked activity against G+ve bacteria and fungi, also the G-ve bacteria was greatly inhibited by the chloroform extract. The different extracts of the plant exhibited no cytotoxic activity against Erlich-ascites carcinoma cells line at the tested concentrations, also showed a strong antioxidant activity using DPPH.
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was e... more ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was e... more ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Septatisine 3, an atisane-type diterpenoid alkaloid, was isolated from the roots of Aconitum sept... more Septatisine 3, an atisane-type diterpenoid alkaloid, was isolated from the roots of Aconitum septentrionale Koelle. Its structure was established on the basis of homonuclear 1H COSY, LRCOSY, NOESY, DNOE, fixed-evolution HETCOR, and selective INEPT techniques.
Re-investigation of the methanolic extract of Anisotes trisulcus (Forssk.) Nees aerial parts led ... more Re-investigation of the methanolic extract of Anisotes trisulcus (Forssk.) Nees aerial parts led to the isolation of two new tricyclic quinazoline alkaloids, 8-amino-7,8,9,11-tetrahydro-6H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazoline-2,6-diol (4) and 8-amino-3,6-dihydroxy-7,8,9-trihydro-6H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazoline-11-one (5), and two quaternary ammonium compounds, (dimethylamino)-N-(hydroxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl methanaminium chloride (6) and N-[(carboxyamino)methyl]-N,Ndimethyl ethanaminium chloride (7), together with three known compounds, peganine (1), vasicinone (2), and anisotine (3). The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of physical, chemical, and spectral data (UV, IR, MS, 1D and 2D NMR), as well as by comparison with authentic samples. GC-MS analysis of the fatty acid methyl esters and unsaponifiable matter revealed the presence of 46 fatty acids, 53 hydrocarbons, and 18 sterols. The different extracts were evaluated for their antihyperglycaemic activities. The MeOH, n-hexane, and EtOAc extracts exhibited a significant hypoglycaemic effect.
Ethyl acetate fraction column chromatographic analysis was used to isolate eleven compounds (nume... more Ethyl acetate fraction column chromatographic analysis was used to isolate eleven compounds (numerically tagged 1-10) from Cassia occidentalis L. in this study. Two unique metabolites, including a neolignan compound designated as occidentalignan I (9) and a favonoidal glycoside, chrysin-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (10), were identifed, while silybin A (8) was the frst favonolignan to be isolated from the Fabaceae family. Four compounds, including β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), betulinic acid (3), and vanillic acid (4) were isolated from C. occidentalis for the frst time. In addition, four known compounds, cinnamic acid (5), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (6), β-resorcylic acid (7), and citric acid (11), were also detected. Te in-vitro cytotoxicity assessment of the methanolic extract of C. occidentalis on seven cancer cell lines, including A-549, Colo-205, Huh-7, HCT-116, PANC-1, SKOV-3, and BNL, demonstrated its selective potent cytotoxicity on lung cancer cells without afecting normal BNL cells. In contrast, the methanolic extract showed moderate activity on Colo-205 and Huh-7 and nearly no activity on HCT-116, PANC-1, and SKOV-3 cell lines. Tese results suggest that the methanolic extract of C. occidentalis is an excellent candidate with potential antiproliferative activity against lung cancer; however, further studies are necessary to clarify its mechanism of action.
Journal of Natural Product and Plant Resources, 2011
5-Hydroxy vasentine (1), a new pyrroloquinazoline alkaloids, along with two known compounds: 7-hy... more 5-Hydroxy vasentine (1), a new pyrroloquinazoline alkaloids, along with two known compounds: 7-hydroxy vasicine (2) and 7-hydroxy vasicinone (3), were isolated from the aerial parts of Anisotes trisulcus (Forssk.) Nees (Acanthaceae). Their structures were established by UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR, in addition to mass spectroscopic data and comparison with literature data. The different fractions were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity using the brine shrimp bioassay.
A new stigmasterol ester: stigmasterol tetracosanoate (3), along with 7 compounds: β-sitosterol (... more A new stigmasterol ester: stigmasterol tetracosanoate (3), along with 7 compounds: β-sitosterol (1), stigmasterol (2), (2S,3S,4R)-2[(2′R)-2′-(hydroxyeicosanoyl amino) octadecane-1,3,4-triol (4), apigenin (5), β-sitosterol-3-O-β-Dglucopyranoside (6), stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranose (7), and apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8) were isolated from Blepharis ciliaris aerial parts. Compounds 1, 2, and 5-7 are reported here for the first time from the plant and 4 for the first time from the family. GCMS analysis revealed the presence of 45 fatty acids, 53 hydrocarbons, and 24 sterols. The different fractions exhibited mild cytotoxic in brine shrimp assay and anti-hyperglycaemic activities. The EtOAc fraction and TME (total MeOH extract) showed weak anti-malarial activity against P. falciparum. The CHCl3 fraction gave potent ¬antiinflammatory activity compared with indomethacin.
Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Jun 1, 2014
Anisotes trisulcus (Forssk.) Nees. (family Acanthaceae) aerial part is used in folk medicine in t... more Anisotes trisulcus (Forssk.) Nees. (family Acanthaceae) aerial part is used in folk medicine in the Arabian peninsula for treatment of hepatic conditions. It showed different activities such as antibacterial, hepatoprotective, and cytotoxicity. It is a rich source of alkaloids and is used as an antidiabetic, bronchodilator, hypotensive, and local anesthetic. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report on the phenolic constituents of A. trisulcus. Therefore, this study aims to identify the constituents and establish antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the total methanolic extract and different fractions. One new benzoyl flavonol: 7,8,3'-trihydroxy-5-methoxy-4'-benzoyl flavonol (5), along with eight known compounds: -amyrin (1), -sitosterol (2), stigmasterol (3), (2S,3S,4R)-2[(2'R)-2'-hydroxytetracosanoyl amino]-octadecane-1,3,4-triol (4), allopateuletin (6), veratric acid (7), vanillic acid (8), and -sitosterol-3-O--D-glucopyranoside (9) were isolated from A. trisulcus aerial parts. Their structures were established by physical, chemical, and spectral data (UV, IR, MS, and 1D NMR), as well as comparison with authentic samples. The anti-inflammatory activity of the total methanolic extract and different fractions was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema method at a dose of 400 mg/kg. Also, the antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH assay at concentrations 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL. The total MeOH extract and EtOAc fraction showed high antioxidant activity 75% and 68% (Conc. 1 mg/mL), respectively while, the n-hexane and EtOAc fractions exhibited significant antiinflammatory effects.
Therapeutic alternatives are being searched for trichomoniasis as a result of the increased preva... more Therapeutic alternatives are being searched for trichomoniasis as a result of the increased prevalence of metronidazoleresistant infections. Mangifera indica L. (Anacardiaceae) is an important tree with a long history in medicine. Traditionally, it has been used as an anti-diarrheal and anti-diabetic, and recently, its gallotannin-rich leaves and stem bark extracts have shown antiparasitic activities against various parasites. Aiming at exploring the anti-Trichomonas vaginalis activity of mango's gallotannins, an aqueous ethanol extract of fresh kernels of M. indica was phytochemically investigated. Based on a simple gel chromatographic procedure, ethyl gallate (2), a group of five isomeric tetragalloyl-glucoses (3-7), and a pentagalloylglucose (8) were simultaneously isolated from a single fraction by a preparative Reversed-phase-high performance liquid chromatography. The isolates were identified based on spectroscopic analyses and comparison with reported data. They showed structural-dependent inhibitory effects on the growth of T. vaginalis trophozoites in an in vitro investigation. Ethyl gallate and 1,2,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (7) exhibited elevated anti-T. vaginalis activity (IC 50 = 1.3, 2.4 μg/ml, respectively). This is the first report exploring the potential of gallotannins as trichomonacidal agents.
Two new alkaloids have been isolated from the leaves of Aberia cafJra, and characterised as aberi... more Two new alkaloids have been isolated from the leaves of Aberia cafJra, and characterised as aberiamine N 1 pentyl-IO-(1,3-dimethylhexahydro-2-pyrimidinyl)-I-decanamine and aberiamide N-' [ {(E)-I-butenyl 17-dimethylcarboxamidoheptadecyl)arnino) methyl]-N-I-methylacetamide. In addition to a-,p-amyrin, p-sitosterol and its glucoside, three flavonoids, have also been isolated. Identification of these compounds has been done by spectral analysis and comparison with authentic samples.
This study was designed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of the different successive e... more This study was designed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of the different successive extractives of the aerial parts of Cassia occidentalis L., on carbon tetrachloride (CCL 4) induced hepatotoxicity in adult Wistar rats. Sixty-six male albino rats were divided into eleven groups. First group received Tween only and served as control group. The second group injected with CCL 4 (1:1) in olive oil, at a dose of 2 ml/kg B.W. The third group injected with CCL 4 in the same dose and Silymarin (25 mg /kg) orally for 7 days and served as reference group. Groups from four to eleven served as test groups injected with CCL 4 in the same previous dose in addition to oral daily administration by one of either 200 or 400 mg /kg B.W. from each of the four extractives of Cassia occidentalis (total methanolic, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts). Treatment started one day after the injection of CCl 4 and extended for two weeks. Parameters for liver function tests: Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Bilirubinas as well as kidney function tests: Serum urea and Creatinine were determined spectrophotometrically. The different extractives of C. occidentalis L. showed improvement in both liver and kidney function indices, while ethyl acetate exteractive either in 200 or 400 mg/kg B.W., showed the best results. Histopathology of liver tissue specimens supported these results. The biologically guided fractionation of C. occidentalis L. methanolic extract, revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited a significant dose dependant protective effect on both liver and kidney. The ethyl acetate fraction revealed activity approached that of silymarin (a known hepatoprotective agent). Chromatographic fractionation of the ethyl acetate fraction afford 6 purified compounds, identified on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic analysis as: naringenin (1), quercetin (2), 1,8-dihydroxy anthraquinone (3), 1,3,8-trihydroxy anthraquinone (4), chrysoeriol-7-O-rutinoside (5) and rutin (6). The isolated phenolics probably account for the hepatoprotective effect of the extract.
Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2013
Tribulus terrestris L. is an annual, prostrate, bra anched herb of the Zygophyllaceae family. In ... more Tribulus terrestris L. is an annual, prostrate, bra anched herb of the Zygophyllaceae family. In traditional medicine, hot wa ater extract of the root is taken orally as an aphrodisiac. Therefore, in this context the detailed pharmacognostic study of root has been carried out wit h the aim to establish its pharmacognostical standards. The microscopical stu udies of root revealed the presence of cluster crystals, starch granules, lignifie ed fibers, pitted wood parenchyma and pitted xylem vessel.
African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines, 2011
The lipid content of Atriplex semibacata growing in Egypt was studied. The unsaponifiable fractio... more The lipid content of Atriplex semibacata growing in Egypt was studied. The unsaponifiable fraction was identified by GLC. A series of hydrocarbons ranging from C 14-C 28 in addition to cholesterol, stigmasterol and the triterpenoids and -amyrin were identified. GLC analysis of fatty alcohols fraction revealed the presence of six fatty alcohols in which dotriacontanol (C 32 H 66 O) was the major (14.68%). Six compounds (five coumarins and one phenolic acid) were isolated for the first time from A. semibacata. The coumarin constituents isolated from the chloroform and the ethyl acetate fractions of the aqueous alcoholic extract of A. semibacata were identified as scopoletin, umbelliferorne, coumarin, scopolin, 7-methoxy coumarin in addition to a phenolic acid P-coumaric acid. Also, the flavonoidal compounds isolated from the n-butanol fraction of the plant revealed the presence of kaempferol 3-O glucoside and acacetin. Their identity was proved by m.p., TLC, PC, UV and MS analysis. The alcohol extract showed significant antimicrobial activity against G-ve bacteria, moderate activity against G+ve bacteria. On the other hand, the pet. Ether extract showed marked activity against G+ve bacteria and fungi, also the G-ve bacteria was greatly inhibited by the chloroform extract. The different extracts of the plant exhibited no cytotoxic activity against Erlich-ascites carcinoma cells line at the tested concentrations, also showed a strong antioxidant activity using DPPH.
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was e... more ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was e... more ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Septatisine 3, an atisane-type diterpenoid alkaloid, was isolated from the roots of Aconitum sept... more Septatisine 3, an atisane-type diterpenoid alkaloid, was isolated from the roots of Aconitum septentrionale Koelle. Its structure was established on the basis of homonuclear 1H COSY, LRCOSY, NOESY, DNOE, fixed-evolution HETCOR, and selective INEPT techniques.
Re-investigation of the methanolic extract of Anisotes trisulcus (Forssk.) Nees aerial parts led ... more Re-investigation of the methanolic extract of Anisotes trisulcus (Forssk.) Nees aerial parts led to the isolation of two new tricyclic quinazoline alkaloids, 8-amino-7,8,9,11-tetrahydro-6H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazoline-2,6-diol (4) and 8-amino-3,6-dihydroxy-7,8,9-trihydro-6H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazoline-11-one (5), and two quaternary ammonium compounds, (dimethylamino)-N-(hydroxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl methanaminium chloride (6) and N-[(carboxyamino)methyl]-N,Ndimethyl ethanaminium chloride (7), together with three known compounds, peganine (1), vasicinone (2), and anisotine (3). The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of physical, chemical, and spectral data (UV, IR, MS, 1D and 2D NMR), as well as by comparison with authentic samples. GC-MS analysis of the fatty acid methyl esters and unsaponifiable matter revealed the presence of 46 fatty acids, 53 hydrocarbons, and 18 sterols. The different extracts were evaluated for their antihyperglycaemic activities. The MeOH, n-hexane, and EtOAc extracts exhibited a significant hypoglycaemic effect.
Ethyl acetate fraction column chromatographic analysis was used to isolate eleven compounds (nume... more Ethyl acetate fraction column chromatographic analysis was used to isolate eleven compounds (numerically tagged 1-10) from Cassia occidentalis L. in this study. Two unique metabolites, including a neolignan compound designated as occidentalignan I (9) and a favonoidal glycoside, chrysin-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (10), were identifed, while silybin A (8) was the frst favonolignan to be isolated from the Fabaceae family. Four compounds, including β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), betulinic acid (3), and vanillic acid (4) were isolated from C. occidentalis for the frst time. In addition, four known compounds, cinnamic acid (5), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (6), β-resorcylic acid (7), and citric acid (11), were also detected. Te in-vitro cytotoxicity assessment of the methanolic extract of C. occidentalis on seven cancer cell lines, including A-549, Colo-205, Huh-7, HCT-116, PANC-1, SKOV-3, and BNL, demonstrated its selective potent cytotoxicity on lung cancer cells without afecting normal BNL cells. In contrast, the methanolic extract showed moderate activity on Colo-205 and Huh-7 and nearly no activity on HCT-116, PANC-1, and SKOV-3 cell lines. Tese results suggest that the methanolic extract of C. occidentalis is an excellent candidate with potential antiproliferative activity against lung cancer; however, further studies are necessary to clarify its mechanism of action.
Journal of Natural Product and Plant Resources, 2011
5-Hydroxy vasentine (1), a new pyrroloquinazoline alkaloids, along with two known compounds: 7-hy... more 5-Hydroxy vasentine (1), a new pyrroloquinazoline alkaloids, along with two known compounds: 7-hydroxy vasicine (2) and 7-hydroxy vasicinone (3), were isolated from the aerial parts of Anisotes trisulcus (Forssk.) Nees (Acanthaceae). Their structures were established by UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR, in addition to mass spectroscopic data and comparison with literature data. The different fractions were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity using the brine shrimp bioassay.
A new stigmasterol ester: stigmasterol tetracosanoate (3), along with 7 compounds: β-sitosterol (... more A new stigmasterol ester: stigmasterol tetracosanoate (3), along with 7 compounds: β-sitosterol (1), stigmasterol (2), (2S,3S,4R)-2[(2′R)-2′-(hydroxyeicosanoyl amino) octadecane-1,3,4-triol (4), apigenin (5), β-sitosterol-3-O-β-Dglucopyranoside (6), stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranose (7), and apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8) were isolated from Blepharis ciliaris aerial parts. Compounds 1, 2, and 5-7 are reported here for the first time from the plant and 4 for the first time from the family. GCMS analysis revealed the presence of 45 fatty acids, 53 hydrocarbons, and 24 sterols. The different fractions exhibited mild cytotoxic in brine shrimp assay and anti-hyperglycaemic activities. The EtOAc fraction and TME (total MeOH extract) showed weak anti-malarial activity against P. falciparum. The CHCl3 fraction gave potent ¬antiinflammatory activity compared with indomethacin.
Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Jun 1, 2014
Anisotes trisulcus (Forssk.) Nees. (family Acanthaceae) aerial part is used in folk medicine in t... more Anisotes trisulcus (Forssk.) Nees. (family Acanthaceae) aerial part is used in folk medicine in the Arabian peninsula for treatment of hepatic conditions. It showed different activities such as antibacterial, hepatoprotective, and cytotoxicity. It is a rich source of alkaloids and is used as an antidiabetic, bronchodilator, hypotensive, and local anesthetic. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report on the phenolic constituents of A. trisulcus. Therefore, this study aims to identify the constituents and establish antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the total methanolic extract and different fractions. One new benzoyl flavonol: 7,8,3'-trihydroxy-5-methoxy-4'-benzoyl flavonol (5), along with eight known compounds: -amyrin (1), -sitosterol (2), stigmasterol (3), (2S,3S,4R)-2[(2'R)-2'-hydroxytetracosanoyl amino]-octadecane-1,3,4-triol (4), allopateuletin (6), veratric acid (7), vanillic acid (8), and -sitosterol-3-O--D-glucopyranoside (9) were isolated from A. trisulcus aerial parts. Their structures were established by physical, chemical, and spectral data (UV, IR, MS, and 1D NMR), as well as comparison with authentic samples. The anti-inflammatory activity of the total methanolic extract and different fractions was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema method at a dose of 400 mg/kg. Also, the antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH assay at concentrations 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL. The total MeOH extract and EtOAc fraction showed high antioxidant activity 75% and 68% (Conc. 1 mg/mL), respectively while, the n-hexane and EtOAc fractions exhibited significant antiinflammatory effects.
Therapeutic alternatives are being searched for trichomoniasis as a result of the increased preva... more Therapeutic alternatives are being searched for trichomoniasis as a result of the increased prevalence of metronidazoleresistant infections. Mangifera indica L. (Anacardiaceae) is an important tree with a long history in medicine. Traditionally, it has been used as an anti-diarrheal and anti-diabetic, and recently, its gallotannin-rich leaves and stem bark extracts have shown antiparasitic activities against various parasites. Aiming at exploring the anti-Trichomonas vaginalis activity of mango's gallotannins, an aqueous ethanol extract of fresh kernels of M. indica was phytochemically investigated. Based on a simple gel chromatographic procedure, ethyl gallate (2), a group of five isomeric tetragalloyl-glucoses (3-7), and a pentagalloylglucose (8) were simultaneously isolated from a single fraction by a preparative Reversed-phase-high performance liquid chromatography. The isolates were identified based on spectroscopic analyses and comparison with reported data. They showed structural-dependent inhibitory effects on the growth of T. vaginalis trophozoites in an in vitro investigation. Ethyl gallate and 1,2,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (7) exhibited elevated anti-T. vaginalis activity (IC 50 = 1.3, 2.4 μg/ml, respectively). This is the first report exploring the potential of gallotannins as trichomonacidal agents.
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