Papers by Janice Denegri-Knott
Journal of Marketing Management
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Journal of Consumer Research
The objects we consume increasingly exist in digital form, from audiobooks and digital photograph... more The objects we consume increasingly exist in digital form, from audiobooks and digital photographs to social media profiles and avatars. Digital objects are often argued to be less valued, personally meaningful, and self-relevant than their physical counterparts and are consequently dismissed as poor candidates for possession. Yet, studies have identified highly meaningful, even irreplaceable, digital possessions. In this article, we account for these contradictory narratives surrounding digital possessions, arguing that digital objects are not inherently unsuited to possession, but rather their affordances may not align with consumers’ imagined affordances (i.e., the object affordances that consumers anticipate). Drawing from a qualitative study of 25 consumers and their digital possessions, we identify three recurring types of affordance misalignment—missing affordances, covert affordances, and deficient affordances—that mediate how consumers and digital objects interact (pragmati...
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The fundamental question we pose in this article is how should we understand marketing in the age... more The fundamental question we pose in this article is how should we understand marketing in the age of increasingly integrated and networked customer databases? This article argues that new forms of database marketing are best described as customer production processes that rely on the exploitation of the multitude of consumer life. We suggest that the recent increase in available consumer data, computational power and analytical skills leads to a reorganization of the gaze of marketers and increasingly reverses the Fordist articulation of production and consumption. More specifically, instead of flexibly adjusting production regimes to shifting consumption patterns, database marketers collapse the production–consumption dichotomy by manufacturing customers as commodities. Hence, theories about the role of surveillance and simulation technologies for strategies of economic value creation need to be updated in order to acknowledge the evolution of database marketing into a central site...
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Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication
In this article, we introduce an affordance-orientated approach for the study of digital possessi... more In this article, we introduce an affordance-orientated approach for the study of digital possessions. We identify affordances as a source of value for digital possessions and argue that dominant meaning-orientated approaches do not enable us to fully appreciate these sources of value. Our work recognizes that value is released and experienced in “the doing”—people must do things with digital objects to locate and obtain value in and from them. We distinguish three levels of affordance for digital possessions—low, mid, and high—and introduce the concept of digital incorporation to explain how the three levels of affordances come together, with the individual’s own intentionality to enable the achievement of goals. We draw from postphenomenological interviews with 47 individuals in the UK to provide a possession-based and lived experience approach to affordances that sheds new light on their vital role in everyday life and goals.
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Journal of Marketing Management
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The Routledge Companion to Critical Marketing, 2018
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Videogames now enable players to spend virtual fortunes on exotic virtual goods and even create a... more Videogames now enable players to spend virtual fortunes on exotic virtual goods and even create and sell virtual artefacts. Online consumers may also browse endlessly through virtual marketplaces and create and display virtual goods. These virtual commodities are desired and enjoyed as if they were real, but are not actually bought, or owned in a material sense – often resulting in frustration amongst marketers. In this paper we account for virtualised consumption by highlighting its pleasures. We start by historicising the trend towards imaginary consumption practices, depicting virtual consumption as the latest stage in an ongoing transformation of consumption from a focus on utility through to emotional value, sign value and finally playful experience. Viewed from this perspective, we consider the role of emerging virtual consumption spaces as liminoid, transformational play-spaces and explore examples of consumer practices found in these spaces. Ultimately we argue that virtual ...
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The Routledge Companion to Critical Marketing
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The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology
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The fundamental question we pose in this article is how should we understand marketing in the age... more The fundamental question we pose in this article is how should we understand marketing in the age of increasingly integrated and networked customer databases? This article argues that new forms of database marketing are best described as customer production processes that rely on the exploitation of the multitude of consumer life. We suggest that the recent increase in available consumer data, computational power and analytical skills leads to a reorganization of the gaze of marketers and increasingly reverses the Fordist articulation of production and consumption. More specifically, instead of flexibly adjusting production regimes to shifting consumption patterns, database marketers collapse the production‐consumption dichotomy by manufacturing customers as commodities. Hence, theories about the role of surveillance and simulation technologies for strategies of economic value creation need to be updated in order to acknowledge the evolution of database marketing into a central site...
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The SAGE Handbook of Consumer Culture
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Digital Virtual Consumption
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In a not so distant future 3D food printers are poised to take over the preparation of our meals,... more In a not so distant future 3D food printers are poised to take over the preparation of our meals, lightening the load of meal preparation by taking on ‘the difficult parts of making food that is hard and/or time consuming to make fully by hand’ (Foodini, 2014). Similarly, food photocopiers that reproduce the molecular structure of food hold the promise of repurposing leftovers into brand new meals (Electrolux, 2009). This future may be unpalatable to some because it supposes a corrosion of human knowledge and a brutal displacement and reduction of human competence by ever-increasing automation of domestic practices within the home kitchen (see for example Firat and Dholakia, 1998). A less extreme, but more present infiltration of technology within the kitchen is that of devices like tablets, smartphones and laptops that are routinely used in preparing meals. Based on a global survey of 7,000 cooks, Allrecipes.com (2013) found that nearly half of respondents used smartphones while sh...
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ACR European Advances, 2011
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ABSTRACT
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Papers by Janice Denegri-Knott
A less extreme, but more present infiltration of technology within the kitchen is that of devices like tablets, smartphones and laptops that are routinely used in preparing meals. Based on a global survey of 7,000 cooks, Allrecipes.com (2013) found that nearly half of respondents used smartphones while shopping for food, while almost a third of American and UK cooks surveyed said to routinely use their mobile phones to find recipes. Through these devices home cooks can access an array of food related content including step by step tutorials on YouTube, recipes and recipe reviews on specialist foodie websites and blogs, and themed meal ideas on Pinterest boards. We refer to these devices as digital virtual (DV) devices in that they open up new spaces and opportunities for the home cook. The integrative ontology of the digital virtual (see Shields 2002; Denegri-Knott and Molesworth, 2010; Molesworth and Denegri-Knott, 2012) that we use here enables us to navigate and consider how consumers’ minds (their imagination, memory and knowledge), the digital virtual spaces located on the screens like YouTube and BBC Good Food website, as well as the device itself – as a physical artefact, interact in practice. For us, this helps overcome some of the essentialism that is inherited by perspectives that create clear demarcations between reality and virtuality (for a critique see Shields, 2002; Denegri-Knott and Molesworth, 2010) which deny the presence of constitutive elements of practice, their various locations and how they come into play, in this case, during, meal preparation.
Whilst popular, the presence of DV devices in the kitchen may raise concerns about the growing digitisation of meal preparations, which sees technology as driving the transformation of human practices. A way of eliding the technology determinist standpoint, where use of DV devices like tablets is seen as displacing human labour, is by adopting a practice-based language to account for how human and non-human actors come together in configuring practice. Adopting this approach has two key consequences for our understanding of doing the meal. First, it enables us to document in detail the many ways in which meal practices are transformed when knowledges, skills, and competences necessary to carry out practices around meal preparation are not only distributed across enthusiastic home cooks and material artefacts (such as hand mixers, food processors, cookers, freezers, recipe books and instruction manuals) and other people, but also located in digital virtual space. Second, it helps us see the kind of new meal work that is required from the home cook in maintaining the coupling between the cook and their devices.
In this chapter we discuss the intersection between DV devices and food consumption and resultant practices they configure. Drawing on insights gleaned from in depth interviews with 29 cooking enthusiasts living the South of England, we provide an overview of new configurations, placing emphasis on the ways in which various components of practice – knowledge, competence and commitment – are redistributed between our home cooks and their DV devices. While we acknowledge the significance of ultimate goals, which are to be substantiated and attained through meal work, for example the expression of caring parent or competent cook (see for example Molander’s (2011) work on meal preparation as a meta-practice of love and motherhood) here we focus less on the teleoaffective, or goal dimension of practices to deal with specific meal related projects and tasks, like knowing how to decorate a pirate chest birthday cake or make gluten free bread. In this way we can better hone in on the way in which the coming together of technology and home cook produce new forms of doing meal work.
In this chapter we explore the growing digitalisation of consumer practices from a perspective of how human and non-human actors come together in configuring such practices. We draw on practice theory – an accepted and growing area of work in consumer research – to introduce the foundational concept of human-non-human hybrids. We then focus particularly on the ways in which consumers’ cognitive abilities are apparently extended by and externalised to digital technologies and use the concept of extended mind (Clark and Chalmers, 1998) to develop this line of thinking. In particular, we focus on consumers’ knowledge, imagination and memory related to a given practice or consumption object. To do this, we draw on data from a large, on-going study related to digital virtual consumption conducted over the last eight years, which enables us to consider how digital devices and the various platforms and software applications that are accessed through them are integrated in and consequently transform consumer practices. We identify the kinds of new work that is required from consumers in terms of using digital technology – i.e., developing skills, knowledge, competence and a commitment to their use. We also consider the implications of this for practice and for the consumption experience.
The Routledge Companion to Critical Marketing Studies (Editors: Mark Tadajewski, Matthew Higgins, Janice Denegri-Knott and Rohit Varman)
Table of Contents
Chapter One: Introducing and Advancing Critical Marketing Studies (Mark Tadajewski, Matthew Higgins, Janice Denegri-Knott and Rohit Varman).
Chapter Two: Postmodernism and Critical Marketing (Nikhilesh Dholakia and Fuat Fırat).
Chapter Three: Postcolonialism, Subalternity, and Critical Marketing (Rohit Varman).
Chapter Four: Feminist Perspectives in Marketing: Past, Present and Future (Pauline Maclaran and Olga Kravets).
Chapter Five: Critical Social Marketing: Reflections, Introspections and Future (Ross Gordon).
Chapter Six: Critical Macromarketing, Sustainable Marketing and Globalization (Bill Kilbourne).
Chapter Seven: Critical Perspectives on Place Marketing (Massimo Giovanardi, Mihalis Kavaratzis and Maria Lichrou).
Chapter Eight: Critical Arts Marketing (Gretchen Larsen and Finola Kerrigan).
Book Section Break: Critical Marketing – Marketing Practices in Focus
Chapter Nine: Critical Studies of Marketing Work (Peter Svensson).
Chapter Ten: The Cultural Turn in Lifestyle Research: Overview and Reflections (Gokcen Coskuner-Balli).
Chapter Eleven: Advertising Practice and Critical Marketing (Chris Hackley).
Chapter Twelve: Critical Reflections on the Marketing Concept and Consumer Sovereignty (Mark Tadajewski).
Chapter Thirteen: Service-Dominant Logic: The Evolution of a Universal Marketing Rhetoric (Chris Miles).
Chapter Fourteen: Metaphor and Relationship Marketing Discourse (Lisa O’Malley).
Chapter Fifteen: Critical Perspectives on Ethical Consumption (Michal Carrington and Andreas Chatzidakis).
Chapter Sixteen: Religious Critiques of the Market (Aliakbar Jafari).
Book Section Break: Rethinking Consumers and Markets – Critiques of Markets
Chapter Seventeen: Re-mapping Power for Critical Marketing and Consumer Research (Janice Denegri-Knott).
Chapter Eighteen: Ideology and Critical Marketing Studies (Giana M. Eckhardt, Rohit Varman and Nikhilesh Dholakia).
Chapter Nineteen: Non-Western Cultures and Critical Marketing (Özlem Sandıkcı Türkdoğan).
Chapter Twenty: Choice and Choicelessness in Consumer Practice (Ruby Roy Dholakia, A. Fuat Fırat and Nikhilesh Dholakia).
Chapter Twenty-One: Managing Racial Stigma in Consumer Culture (David Crockett).
Chapter Twenty-Two: Consumer Vulnerability: Critical Insights from Stories, Action Research and Visual Culture (Susan Dunnett, Kathy Hamilton, and Maria Piacentini).
Chapter Twenty-Three: The Embodied Consumer (Maurice Patterson).
Book Section Break: Critical Marketing – Marketing Practices in Focus
Chapter Twenty-Four: Critical Perspectives on Brand Management (Adam Arvidsson and Alex Giordano).
Chapter Twenty-Five: Gender, Marketing, and Emotions: A Critical, Feminist Exploration of the Ideological Helix that Defines Our Working Worlds (Lorna Stevens).
Chapter Twenty-Six: Biopolitical Marketing and the Commodification of Social Contexts (Detlev Zwick and Alan Bradshaw).
Chapter Twenty-Seven: Exploitation and Emancipation (Bernard Cova and Bernard Paranque).
Chapter Twenty-Eight: Political Economy Approaches to Transnational Commodity Markets: An Application to the Case of the Global Palm Oil Market (Martin Fougère).
Chapter Twenty-Nine: Social Media, Big Data and Critical Marketing (Christian Fuchs).
Chapter Thirty: Marketing and the Production of Consumers’ Objective Violence (Eduardo André Teixeira Ayrosa and Renata Couto de Azevedo de Oliveira).