Articles by Tugba Basaran
Millenium, 2018
The ‘international’ can be conceived of as a highly sought after symbolic capital. People seek to... more The ‘international’ can be conceived of as a highly sought after symbolic capital. People seek to internationalise their curriculum vitae or resumes, study international subjects, get international diplomas, travel internationally, obtain international jobs. As symbolic capital the ‘international’ can be converted into ‘profit’ complementing other forms of capital (economic, cultural and social capital), deployed in struggles for social domination. It is used as a strategy of social positioning and social domination quasi-globally, but it is not recognised everywhere in the same way. We are particularly interested in the unequal distribution of this symbolic capital, the way differential conversion rates and social boundaries operate in the generation of social inequalities. For this, we will work with and against Bourdieu, in analysing the ‘international’ as a source of a highly contextual form of symbolic power, deployed in a variety of social group formations, but with uneven, differential effects, a naturalised and disguised form of domination. Ultimately, this article problematises how claims to ‘internationality’ operate in social relations and power-struggles and provides an analytical framework hereof.
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The duty to render assistance at sea appears to be a well-established humanitarian norm, anchored... more The duty to render assistance at sea appears to be a well-established humanitarian norm, anchored in moral codes, customary practices and international conventions. The robust foundations of this duty are showing signs of corrosion, however. In 2011 alone, more than 1,500 people drowned or were missing in the Mediterranean; many could have been rescued and alive if fellow human beings had not ignored their pleas for help. It is this phenomenon of indifference that offers the starting point for this article. Struggling to understand failures to rescue, many seek to portray indifference as individual failure from the norm. Rather
than focusing on individual traits, my primary interest is to analyze the governing of indifference in contemporary liberal societies - that is, how people are guided towards becoming indifferent to the lives and sufferings of particular populations. Hereby my focus will be on the workings of law and its potential
to produce collective indifference. The drowned, I argue, are not casualties of individual immoral behaviour. Through a system of sanctions, state authorities attempt to guide human conduct on the seas, encouraging seafarers to look away and even to let die at borders in the name of security. This has not only
diluted the legal duty to rescue, but has also had a detrimental impact upon the normative landscape, leading to a distinction between worthy lives that fall within the duty to rescue and charitable lives becoming a question of benevolence.
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In this renowned biblical parable, the Samaritan is praised for assisting the stranger in distres... more In this renowned biblical parable, the Samaritan is praised for assisting the stranger in distress: for providing medical support by bandaging his wounds, for providing him with transport by placing him on his donkey, for providing him with temporary housing by bringing him to an inn. The Good Samaritan has long entered the vernacular as a compassionate person who unselfishly helps strangers in need an emblematic figure for the duty to render assistance, and in a wider sense an allegorical personification of humanitarianism. He has come to symbolise active compassion for the suffering of others, compassion that requires altruistic acts beyond empathic concern. As most people would agree, if we encounter a stranger in dire need, we should assist that person; this is not a question of charity, but a question of duty. The widespread praise for the Good Samaritans, coupled with the public outrage and condemnation at the encounter of the Priest and the Levite, the bystanders, appears to confirm the existence of a well-aligned social compass that requires us to emulate the conduct of the Good Samaritan. Curiously, whilst the conduct of the Good Samaritan is generally encouraged, the Good Samaritan is legally discouraged in liberal democracies from helping certain strangers in distress, amongst those notably the figure of the irregular migrant. People usually deemed Good Samaritans are increasingly questioned, intimidated and prosecuted for emulating his works: for helping people in distress by providing medical support, transport or temporary housing. Recent policies, laws and practices demonstrate attempts at realigning the social compass for particular populations deemed less worthy of humanitarianism.
see: https://tugbabasaran.files.wordpress.com/2015/06/2014-goodsamaritan-lastvers.pdf
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The European Union and its Member States have come under renewed pressure to address rescue at se... more The European Union and its Member States have come under renewed pressure to address rescue at sea. Saving lives
at sea is not simply a question of enhancing EU rescue efforts, however, but requires eliminating third party sanctions that significantly impede the proper functioning of the international rescue regime. This article focuses on anti-smuggling laws and related instruments and their thorny relation to humanitarian acts.
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This chapter examines the French waiting zone to understand how
liberties are limited in the mids... more This chapter examines the French waiting zone to understand how
liberties are limited in the midst of Europe by examining legal borders and their impact upon the rights of non-citizens. For the liberal state the infringement of liberties on its territory is the most difficult case to justify and poses the challenging question, pursued in this article, how the liberal state can create a legal order that limits fundamental liberties on its territory.
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International Political Sociology, 2008
Politics of borders and the distinction between inside/outside have become an important security ... more Politics of borders and the distinction between inside/outside have become an important security practice of liberal states. Borders are strategically used to change the balance between security and liberties. This article analyzes the legal constitution of border zones and argues that security is not exceptional in its constitution but results from ordinary law and practices. Illiberal practices at border zones are embedded in ordinary politics of the liberal state.
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The International Studies …, 2010
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Books by Tugba Basaran
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This book provides the first systematic account of the premium costs that migrants pay to live an... more This book provides the first systematic account of the premium costs that migrants pay to live and work abroad.
Reducing the costs of international labour migration, specifically worker-paid costs for low-skilled employment, has become an important item on the global agenda over the last years and is particularly pertinent for the UN’s Global Compact on Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration. Recruitment costs alone amount in most migration corridors to anywhere between one and ten months of foreign earnings and many migrants may well lose between one and two years of foreign earnings, if all costs are considered. This book is intended as a primer for evidence-based policy for reducing the costs of international labour mobility. The contributors include academics from law, economics and politics, but also authors from international organizations, non-governmental organizations, as well as the voices of migrants. The hope of the editors is that this small collection sets the basis for evidence-based policies that seek to reduce the costs of international migration.
This book will be of interest to scholars and students of migration, globalization, law, sociology and international relations, as well as practitioners and policy makers.
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Papers by Tugba Basaran
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by Trine Villumsen Berling, Maria Mälksoo, Claudia Aradau, Trine Villumsen, Matti Jutila, Emmanuel-Pierre Guittet, Emmanuel-Pierre Guittet, Tugba Basaran, Stephan Davidshofer, Jef Huysmans, Christian Olsson, Julien Jeandesboz, and Luis Lobo-Guerrero Security Dialogue, Jan 1, 2006
In the last decade, critical approaches have substantially reshaped the theoretical landscape of ... more In the last decade, critical approaches have substantially reshaped the theoretical landscape of security studies in Europe. Yet, despite an impressive body of literature, there remains fundamental disagreement as to what counts as critical in this context. Scholars are still arguing in terms of 'schools', while there has been an increasing and sustained cross-fertilization among critical approaches. Finally, the boundaries between critical and traditional approaches to security remain blurred. The aim of this article is therefore to assess the evolution of critical views of approaches to security studies in Europe, discuss their theoretical premises, investigate their intellectual ramifications, and examine how they coalesce around different issues (such as a state of exception). The article then assesses the political implications of critical approaches. This is done mainly by analysing processes by which critical approaches to security percolate through a growing number of subjects (such as development, peace research, risk management). Finally, ethical and research implications are explored.
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Security Dialogue, 2006
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Calls by Tugba Basaran
PARISS
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Articles by Tugba Basaran
than focusing on individual traits, my primary interest is to analyze the governing of indifference in contemporary liberal societies - that is, how people are guided towards becoming indifferent to the lives and sufferings of particular populations. Hereby my focus will be on the workings of law and its potential
to produce collective indifference. The drowned, I argue, are not casualties of individual immoral behaviour. Through a system of sanctions, state authorities attempt to guide human conduct on the seas, encouraging seafarers to look away and even to let die at borders in the name of security. This has not only
diluted the legal duty to rescue, but has also had a detrimental impact upon the normative landscape, leading to a distinction between worthy lives that fall within the duty to rescue and charitable lives becoming a question of benevolence.
see: https://tugbabasaran.files.wordpress.com/2015/06/2014-goodsamaritan-lastvers.pdf
at sea is not simply a question of enhancing EU rescue efforts, however, but requires eliminating third party sanctions that significantly impede the proper functioning of the international rescue regime. This article focuses on anti-smuggling laws and related instruments and their thorny relation to humanitarian acts.
liberties are limited in the midst of Europe by examining legal borders and their impact upon the rights of non-citizens. For the liberal state the infringement of liberties on its territory is the most difficult case to justify and poses the challenging question, pursued in this article, how the liberal state can create a legal order that limits fundamental liberties on its territory.
Books by Tugba Basaran
Reducing the costs of international labour migration, specifically worker-paid costs for low-skilled employment, has become an important item on the global agenda over the last years and is particularly pertinent for the UN’s Global Compact on Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration. Recruitment costs alone amount in most migration corridors to anywhere between one and ten months of foreign earnings and many migrants may well lose between one and two years of foreign earnings, if all costs are considered. This book is intended as a primer for evidence-based policy for reducing the costs of international labour mobility. The contributors include academics from law, economics and politics, but also authors from international organizations, non-governmental organizations, as well as the voices of migrants. The hope of the editors is that this small collection sets the basis for evidence-based policies that seek to reduce the costs of international migration.
This book will be of interest to scholars and students of migration, globalization, law, sociology and international relations, as well as practitioners and policy makers.
Papers by Tugba Basaran
Calls by Tugba Basaran
than focusing on individual traits, my primary interest is to analyze the governing of indifference in contemporary liberal societies - that is, how people are guided towards becoming indifferent to the lives and sufferings of particular populations. Hereby my focus will be on the workings of law and its potential
to produce collective indifference. The drowned, I argue, are not casualties of individual immoral behaviour. Through a system of sanctions, state authorities attempt to guide human conduct on the seas, encouraging seafarers to look away and even to let die at borders in the name of security. This has not only
diluted the legal duty to rescue, but has also had a detrimental impact upon the normative landscape, leading to a distinction between worthy lives that fall within the duty to rescue and charitable lives becoming a question of benevolence.
see: https://tugbabasaran.files.wordpress.com/2015/06/2014-goodsamaritan-lastvers.pdf
at sea is not simply a question of enhancing EU rescue efforts, however, but requires eliminating third party sanctions that significantly impede the proper functioning of the international rescue regime. This article focuses on anti-smuggling laws and related instruments and their thorny relation to humanitarian acts.
liberties are limited in the midst of Europe by examining legal borders and their impact upon the rights of non-citizens. For the liberal state the infringement of liberties on its territory is the most difficult case to justify and poses the challenging question, pursued in this article, how the liberal state can create a legal order that limits fundamental liberties on its territory.
Reducing the costs of international labour migration, specifically worker-paid costs for low-skilled employment, has become an important item on the global agenda over the last years and is particularly pertinent for the UN’s Global Compact on Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration. Recruitment costs alone amount in most migration corridors to anywhere between one and ten months of foreign earnings and many migrants may well lose between one and two years of foreign earnings, if all costs are considered. This book is intended as a primer for evidence-based policy for reducing the costs of international labour mobility. The contributors include academics from law, economics and politics, but also authors from international organizations, non-governmental organizations, as well as the voices of migrants. The hope of the editors is that this small collection sets the basis for evidence-based policies that seek to reduce the costs of international migration.
This book will be of interest to scholars and students of migration, globalization, law, sociology and international relations, as well as practitioners and policy makers.