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Overview
Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL is a fully-managed database service that makes it easy to
set up, maintain, manage, and administer your PostgreSQL relational databases on
Google Cloud. For information specific to PostgreSQL, see the
PostgreSQL documentation.
Many configuration settings go into the creation of a Cloud SQL instance.
Your needs may vary from the defaults.
See the Creating instances
and Instance settings pages for
more information.
Connectivity
Cloud SQL offers connectivity
through public IP addresses,
private IP addresses, or both
public and private addresses.
For Database Migration Service, the
IP allowlist
connectivity method is appropriate when using a public IP address, and the
VPC peering
connectivity method is used for private IP addresses.
Cloud SQL recommends using SSL/TLS
certificates when connecting to a Cloud SQL instance.
Cloud SQL users
The first time you connect to a new Cloud SQL instance, use the
postgres account.
Because it's a managed service, Cloud SQL doesn't allow PostgreSQL users to have
SUPER privileges.
Cascading read replicas
Database Migration Service lets you migrate data to a Cloud SQL destination instance,
and then set up cascading read replicas for that instance. For more information,
see Set up cascading read replicas.
High availability
After you promote
a Cloud SQL replica to become a primary instance, you can configure it for
high availability (HA). If your
HA-configured instance becomes unresponsive, then Cloud SQL automatically
switches to serving data from a standby instance.
[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Hard to understand","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Incorrect information or sample code","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Missing the information/samples I need","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-08-29 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eCloud SQL for PostgreSQL is a fully-managed database service on Google Cloud, simplifying the setup, maintenance, and administration of PostgreSQL databases.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eCloud SQL offers various connectivity options, including public and private IP addresses, with SSL/TLS certificates recommended for secure connections.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eInitial access to a new Cloud SQL instance is granted via the \u003ccode\u003epostgres\u003c/code\u003e account, but \u003ccode\u003eSUPER\u003c/code\u003e privileges are restricted due to it being a managed service.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eDatabase Migration Service allows for data migration to Cloud SQL and supports the setup of cascading read replicas.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eHigh availability can be configured for Cloud SQL instances, enabling automatic failover to a standby instance in case of unresponsiveness.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["# Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL\n\n\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nOverview\n--------\n\nCloud SQL for PostgreSQL is a fully-managed database service that makes it easy to\nset up, maintain, manage, and administer your PostgreSQL relational databases on\nGoogle Cloud. For information specific to PostgreSQL, see the\n[PostgreSQL documentation](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/).\n\nFeatures\n--------\n\nCloud SQL provides extensive [documentation](/sql/docs). If you're\nnew to Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL, then be sure to check out the\n[Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL features](/sql/docs/postgres/features) page.\n\nInstance settings\n-----------------\n\nMany configuration settings go into the creation of a Cloud SQL instance.\nYour needs may vary from the defaults.\nSee the [Creating instances](/sql/docs/postgres/create-instance)\nand [Instance settings](/sql/docs/postgres/instance-settings) pages for\nmore information.\n\nConnectivity\n------------\n\nCloud SQL offers [connectivity](/sql/docs/postgres/connect-overview)\nthrough [public](/sql/docs/postgres/configure-ip) IP addresses,\n[private](/sql/docs/postgres/configure-private-ip) IP addresses, or both\npublic and private addresses.\n\nFor Database Migration Service, the\n[IP allowlist](/database-migration/docs/postgres/configure-connectivity-ip-allowlists)\nconnectivity method is appropriate when using a public IP address, and the\n[VPC peering](/database-migration/docs/postgres/configure-connectivity-vpc-peering)\nconnectivity method is used for private IP addresses.\n\nCloud SQL recommends using [SSL/TLS\ncertificates](/sql/docs/postgres/authorize-ssl) when connecting to a Cloud SQL instance.\n\nCloud SQL users\n---------------\n\nThe first time you connect to a new Cloud SQL instance, use the\n`postgres` account.\n\nBecause it's a managed service, Cloud SQL doesn't allow PostgreSQL users to have\n`SUPER` privileges.\n\nCascading read replicas\n-----------------------\n\nDatabase Migration Service lets you migrate data to a Cloud SQL destination instance,\nand then set up cascading read replicas for that instance. For more information,\nsee [Set up cascading read replicas](/database-migration/docs/postgres/set-up-cascading-replica).\n\nHigh availability\n-----------------\n\nAfter you [promote](/database-migration/docs/postgres/promote-migration)\na Cloud SQL replica to become a primary instance, you can configure it for\n[high availability (HA)](/sql/docs/postgres/high-availability). If your\nHA-configured instance becomes unresponsive, then Cloud SQL automatically\nswitches to serving data from a standby instance.\n\nWhat's next\n-----------\n\nLearn more about [everything you can do](/sql/docs/postgres/how-to)\nwith your Cloud SQL instance."]]
