Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Malaysia

Urheberrechtsregeln: Malaysia Kürzel: COM:MALAYSIA
Schutzfrist
Standard	50 Jahre p. m. a.
Anonym	Erstellung/Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre
Audiovisuell	Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre
Posthum	Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre
Regierung	Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre
Andere
Panoramafreiheit	Ja
Frist geht bis zum Jahresende	Ja
Gemeinsame Lizenzvorlagen	{{PD-Malaysia}}
ISO 3166-1 alpha-3	MYS
Abkommen
Berner Übereinkunft	1. Oktober 1990
Welthandelsorganisation-Mitglied	1. Januar 1995
URAA-Wiederherstellungsdatum‌*	1. Januar 1996
WIPO-Urheberrechtsvertrag	27. Dezember 2012
*‌Ein Werk ist in der Regel in den USA geschützt, wenn es sich um eine Art von Werk handelt, das in den USA urheberrechtsfähig ist, nach 31 December 1928 veröffentlicht wurde und im Ursprungsland am URAA-Datum geschützt ist.

Diese Seite bietet einen Überblick über die Urheberrechtsbestimmungen von Malaysia, die für das Hochladen von Werken in Wikimedia Commons relevant sind. Beachte, dass jedes Werk, das aus Malaysia stammt, sowohl in Malaysia als auch in den Vereinigten Staaten gemeinfrei oder unter einer freien Lizenz verfügbar sein muss, bevor es auf Wikimedia Commons hochgeladen werden kann. Bei Zweifeln über den urheberrechtlichen Status eines Werkes aus Malaysia solltest du die entsprechenden Gesetze zur Klärung heranziehen.

Hintergrund

Das Gebiet, das heute Malaysia ist, wurde aus mehreren malaiischen Staaten gebildet, die als Straits Settlements unter britische Kontrolle kamen. Die Halbinsel Malaya erlangte am 31. August 1957 ihre Unabhängigkeit und vereinigte sich am 16. September 1963 mit Nord-Borneo, Sarawak und Singapur zu Malaysia. Singapur trat 1965 aus der Föderation aus.

Malaysia ist seit dem 1. Oktober 1990 Mitglied des Berner Übereinkommens, seit dem 1. Januar 1995 Mitglied der Welthandelsorganisation und ist am 27. Dezember 2012 dem WIPO-Urheberrechtsvertrag beigetreten.

Im Jahr 2018 hat die Weltorganisation für geistiges Eigentum (WIPO), eine Unterorganisation der Vereinten Nationen, das Urheberrechtsgesetz 1987 (Gesetz 332, Stand: 1. Januar 2006) als das wichtigste vom malaysischen Gesetzgeber erlassene Urheberrechtsgesetz aufgenommen. Die WIPO hat den Text dieses Gesetzes in ihrer Datenbank WIPO Lex. Dieses wurde durch das Urheberrechts(änderungs)gesetz 2012 geändert. Das Gesetz von 2012 scheint keine Auswirkungen auf die Definitionen von Werken oder Schutzfristen zu haben.

The 1987 Act did not revive expired copyrights: "... this Act shall apply in relation to works made before the commencement of this Act as it applies in relation to works made after the commencement of this Act: Provided that this section shall not be construed as reviving any copyrights which had expired before the commencement of this Act."^{[332/2006 Section 2(1)]}

Allgemeine Regeln

Under Copyright Act 1987 (Act 332, as at 1 January 2006),

• Except as otherwise provided, copyright in a literary, musical or artistic work subsists during the life of the author and for 50 years after his death.^{[332/2006 Section 17(1)]}
• Where a literary, musical or artistic work had not been published before the death of the author, copyright subsists for 50 years from the year in which the work was first published.^{[332/2006 Section 17(2)]}
• Where a literary, musical or artistic work is published anonymously or under a pseudonym, copyright subsists for 50 years from the year in which the work was first published, made available to the public or made, whichever is the latest.^{[332/2006 Section 17(3)]}

• In this section, a reference to "author" shall, in the case of a work of joint authorship, be construed as a reference to the author who dies last.^{[332/2006 Section 17(4)]}
• Copyright subsists in a published edition for 50 years from the year in which the edition was first published.^{[332/2006 Section 18]}
• Copyright subsists in a sound recording for 50 years from the year in which the recording was first published or, if the sound recording has not been published, from the year of fixation.^{[332/2006 Section 19]}

• Copyright subsists in a broadcast for 50 years from the year in which the broadcast was first made.^{[332/2006 Section 20]}
• Copyright subsists in a film for 50 years from the year in which the film was first published.^{[332/2006 Section 22]}

• Copyright subsists in every work which is eligible for copyright and which is made by or under the direction or control of the Government and such Government organizations or international bodies as the Minister may by order prescribe.^{[332/2006 Section 11]} Copyright in works of the Government, Government organizations and international bodies subsists for 50 years from the year in which the work was first published.^{[332/2006 Section 23]}
• Regardless of the above, the texts of laws, judicial opinions, and government reports are always free from copyright.^{[332/2006 Section 3 (definition of literary work)]}

All 50-year durations are computed from the beginning of the calendar year next following the year in which the work was first published or made. In other words, as of 2024, anonymous works published prior to 1 January 1974 are now in the public domain.

Duration under the Copyright Act 1969

A comparison of copyright laws in Asia from 1982 gives information on the copyright terms under the previous Copyright Act 1969, which is unavailable online. They were shorter than those in the Copyright Act 1987:

• General term: Author's life + 25 years
• Anonymous, pseudonymous, or posthumous works: Publication + 25 years
• Cinematographic works: Publication + 25 years
• Photographic works: Publication + 25 years
• Sound recordings: Publication + 25 years
• Broadcasts: Broadcast + 25 years
• Works of legal bodies: Publication + 25 years

Because the 1987 extension was not retroactive, works made by authors who died before 1962 are in the public domain in both Malaysia and the US according to URAA, as well as anonymous, cinematographic, photographic, sound recording, broadcast, or corporate works published prior to 1962.

Lizenzvorlagen

Abkürzung

• COM:TAG Malaysia

Siehe auch: Commons:Lizenzvorlagen

• {{PD-Malaysia}}

Währung

Abkürzung

• COM:CUR Malaysia

Siehe auch: Commons:Währung

 Nicht OK According to the Bank Negara Malaysia, "You are not allowed to reproduce the Malaysian currency. It is also illegal for you to use any photograph, drawing or design of any note, coin or any part of the note or coin, of any size, scale or colour, in any advertising or on any merchandise or products, which are manufactured, sold, circulated or distributed except with the permission of BNM".

Panoramafreiheit

Abkürzung

• COM:FOP Malaysia

Siehe auch: Commons:Panoramafreiheit

OK {{FoP-Malaysia}}

According to Malaysian Copyright Act 1987, the right of control is excluded from "the reproduction and distribution of copies of any artistic work permanently situated in a place where it can be viewed by the public".^{[332/2006 Section 13(2)(d)]} Section 3 defines "artistic work" as any graphic work, photograph, sculpture, collage, and work of architecture or artistic craftsmanship. Layout-designs of integrated circuits are not artistic works.

For the meaning of the term works of artistic craftsmanship, see "United Kingdom – Freedom of panorama".

Briefmarken

Siehe auch: Commons:Briefmarken

According to article 23 of The Copyright Act 1987 (act 332), works by the Government Organizations are subject to copyright until the beginning of the year following 50 years after publication, so only stamps more than 50 years old may be uploaded and they should use the template {{PD-Malaysia}}. This applies until 1992 when the Malaysian post office was corporatized as Pos Malaysia, so the normal artistic copyright term likely applies (life plus 50 years), unless as a corporate work the term of publish plus 50 years applies.

Schöpfungshöhe

Abkürzung

• COM:TOO Malaysia

Siehe auch: Commons:Schöpfungshöhe

The threshold of originality situation in Malaysia remains  Unsure. Some previous discussions:

1. The File:Hcc.png was deleted probably based on calligraphic Chinese words, and cited that COM:TOO UK may also applied for deletion;
2. But the File:Petronas Logo.svg was nominated and decided to keep twice, despite that this may also beyond COM:TOO UK. Note that this logo is used before June 2013, and since that, the Petronas modified their logo to be more modern and fairly complex, the current Petronas logo is located at English Wikipedia for Fair use, though some users oppose that.

Siehe auch

• Malaysia
• Category:License tags of Malaysia
• Category:Malaysian FOP cases
• Category:Stamps of Malaysia
• Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigtes Königreich

Zitate

Caution: The above description may be inaccurate, incomplete and/or out of date, so must be treated with caution. Before you upload a file to Wikimedia Commons you should ensure it may be used freely. Siehe auch: Commons:Allgemeiner Haftungsausschluss