You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Japanese. (July 2022) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
|
House of Councillors elections were held in Japan on 10 July 2022 to elect 125 of the 248 members of the upper house of the National Diet, for a term of six years.[1] The elected candidate with the fewest votes in the Kanagawa prefectural district will serve for three years, as the district combined its regular and byelections.[2]
 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
124 of the 248 seats in the House of Councillors 125 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Opinion polls | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Registered | 105,019,203 ( 0.86%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnout | 52.05% ( 3.25pp; Const. votes)52.04% ( 3.25pp; National votes) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Results by constituency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The elections occurred within the first year of premiership of Fumio Kishida, President of the Liberal Democratic Party and it saw Kenta Izumi debut as the Leader of the opposition Constitutional Democratic Party. The election was overshadowed by the assassination of former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe (served 2006–2007 and 2012–2020), which took place two days before ballots were cast.[3] Abe was shot while delivering a campaign speech for Kei Satō, a member of the House of Councillors running for reelection. The assassin, who had previously served in the Japan Maritime Self-Defence Force, was arrested at the scene and reportedly confessed to targeting Abe due to a grudge he held against the Unification Church. Prime Minister Kishida denounced the assassination as an attack on Japan's democracy and vowed to defend a "free and fair election at all cost".[4] In a post-election survey, 62.5 percent of the voters said their votes were not swayed by the assassination, while 15.1 percent said they were.[5]
The governing Liberal Democratic Party modestly increased its seats in the chamber.[6] Turnout slightly increased compared to the previous election[7] while a new record was set for women elected to the chamber at 28%.[8] Parties supportive of constitutional revision gained a combined total of 93 seats, thus gaining the two-thirds majority needed to trigger the parliamentary procedure which was lost in the 2019 election.[9]
The disparity in the value of a vote between prefectural districts in the election ranged up to 3.03 times, leading to nationwide legal challenges.[10]
Background
editFollowing the closing of the 208th session of the National Diet on 15 June 2022, the Second Kishida Cabinet held an extraordinary session to schedule an upper house election in which it was determined that the election would be formally announced to the public on June 22 with the vote to be held on 10 July 2022.[11]
In May 2018, the government enacted a revision to the Public Offices Election Law that increased the number of seats in the House of Councillors by six, with three new seats being contested in 2019 and the other three being contested in 2022. As such, three new seats — one in the Saitama at-large district and two in the national PR block — were added to the House of Councillors as a result of the election.[12][13]
A seat in the Kanagawa at-large district was left vacant following the resignation of Shigefumi Matsuzawa (independent), who was elected to the House of Councillors in the 2019 election. Matsuzawa resigned from his seat in the House of Councillors to run in the 2021 Yokohama mayoral election, for which he came in fifth.[14][15][16] Since the seat was not eligible for a by-election, a merger election was held as a part of this election. This was the first time in 30 years - since the Saitama at-large district held one as part of the 1992 election - that a merger election was held. As a result, the Kanagawa at-large district elected five members this election instead of four, with the fifth-place winner serving for only three years instead of six.[17] Furthermore, in October 2021, Kenji Nakanishi (Liberal Democratic), who was elected to the House of Councillors from the Kanagawa at-large district in the 2016 election, resigned his seat to compete in the 2021 Japanese general election for a seat in the House of Representatives, leaving his seat in the House of Councillors vacant prior to this election as well.[18]
The "Special Postal Voting" system - put in place by the Corona Postal Voting Act passed in response to the global COVID-19 pandemic - was still in effect during this election. This system secured voting opportunities for those who could not vote in-person due to the pandemic. It was the first time the "Special Postal Voting" system was used for a House of Councillors election.[19] In addition, a revision to the Public Offices Election Act was passed in April 2022 that allowed for party political broadcasts to be made through FM broadcasting.[20]
On 8 July 2022, former Prime Minister Shinzo Abe (served 2006–2007 and 2012–2020) was assassinated in Nara City while delivering a campaign speech for Kei Satō, a member of the House of Councillors running for reelection. The assassination took place just two days before the election.[3] In response, some candidates from the Liberal Democratic Party and other political parties canceled their campaign events on that day.[21][22] Prime Minister Kishida denounced the assassination as an attack on Japan's democracy and vowed to defend a "free and fair election at all cost".[4] In a post-election survey, 62.5 percent of the voters said their votes were not swayed by the assassination, while 15.1 percent said they were.[5]
At 20:00 (8pm) JST on July 10, when the voting ended, various media outlets across Japan - including NHK and Japan's five major commercial broadcasting networks (Nippon TV, TV Asahi, TBS TV, TV Tokyo, and Fuji TV) - all reported the results of the exit poll all at once. It was reported that the ruling Liberal Democratic Party and their coalition partner Komeito won significantly more seats than was needed for a majority, while the opposition parties of the Constitutional Democratic Party, Democratic Party For the People, and the Japanese Communist Party all lost seats. In addition, the Japan Innovation Party (also known as the Innovation Party or the Restoration Party) was also projected to gain seats, and the exit poll projected that several independents would acquire seats as well.[23][24]
The Democratic Party For the People had been described as "cozying up" to the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP).[25] The lack of policy agreements and electoral pacts led to more opposition candidates contesting in single-seat prefectural districts.[26][27]
Pre-election Composition
edit| ↓ | |||||||||
| 39 | 37 | 14 | 13 | 1 | 2 | 14 | 55 | 14 | 56 |
| O not up | O seats up | RO | RO up | I | V | K up | LDP seats up | K | LDP seats not up |
Electoral system
edit75 members were elected by single non-transferable vote (SNTV) and first-past-the-post (FPTP) voting in 45 multi-member and single-member prefectural electoral districts. The nationwide district elected 50 members by D'Hondt proportional representation with optionally open lists; the previous most open list system was modified in 2018 to give parties the option to prioritize certain candidates over the voters' preferences in the proportional election.[28][29]
Opinion polls
editProportional voting intention
edit| Fieldwork date | Polling firm | Sample size | LDP | CDP | Ishin | KMT | JCP | DPFP | REI | DIY | SDP | NHK | Others | None/Und. | No ans. | Lead |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 Jul 2022 | Election results | 52.05%[a] | 34.4 | 12.8 | 14.8 | 11.7 | 6.8 | 6.0 | 4.4 | 3.3 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 1.1 | 3.0 | – | 19.6 |
| 8 Jul 2022 | Assassination of Shinzo Abe | |||||||||||||||
| 22–23 Jun 2022 | Yomiuri/NNN | 1,585 | 36 | 8 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | – | 23 | 7 | 13 |
| 18–19 Jun 2022 | ANN | 1,043 | 33.1 | 8.5 | 7.3 | 5.4 | 4.8 | 2 | 1.2 | – | 0.6 | 0.4 | 1.7 | 35[b] | 1.9 | |
| 17–19 Jun 2022 | Nikkei/TV Tokyo | 912 | 43 | 8 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 2 | – | 1 | 1 | 1 | 17 | 6 | 26 |
| 11–13 Jun 2022 | Kyodo News | 1,051 | 39.7 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 5.8 | 3.7 | 1.8 | 1.7 | – | 0.8 | 0.3 | 1.1 | 25.5 | 14.2 | |
| 11–12 Jun 2022 | go2senkyo/JX | 983 | 36.1 | 16 | 12.6 | 6.3 | 7.9 | 2.8 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.8[c] | 12.3 | – | 20.1 |
| 3–5 Jun 2022 | Yomiuri/NNN | 1,485 | 45 | 7 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | – | 1 | 1 | – | 17 | 8 | 28 |
| 27–29 May 2022 | Nikkei/TV Tokyo | 935 | 50 | 7 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 8 | 35 |
| 21–22 May 2022 | ANN | 1,035 | 35.1 | 6.4 | 7.3 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 1.7 | 1.4 | – | 0.6 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 38[d] | 2.9 | |
| 21–22 May 2022 | Kyodo News | 1,048 | 44 | 10 | 8.7 | 4.7 | 3.5 | 2.4 | 1.9 | – | 0.2 | 0.6 | 1.5 | 22.5 | 21.5 | |
| 13–16 May 2022 | Jiji Press | 1,254 | 38.5 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 5.5 | 2.6 | 1.5 | 2 | – | 1 | – | – | 36.7 | – | 1.8 |
| 14–15 May 2022 | go2senkyo/JX | 995 | 34.5 | 17 | 14.8 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 2.9 | 1.7 | – | 1 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 12.7 | – | 17.5 |
| 13–15 May 2022 | Yomiuri/NNN | 1,052 | 44 | 8 | 10 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 1 | – | – | – | – | 18 | 8 | 26 |
| 16–17 Apr 2022 | go2senkyo/JX | 995 | 33.3 | 15.5 | 13.7 | 5.6 | 7.9 | 2.8 | 1.8 | – | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 15.2 | – | 17.8 |
| 16–17 Apr 2022 | ANN | 1,014 | 33.9 | 9.2 | 7.3 | 3.3 | 4.8 | 1.6 | 0.9 | – | 0.7 | 0 | 1.3 | 37[e] | 3.1 | |
| 16–17 Apr 2022 | Kyodo News | 1,067 | 41.9 | 8.7 | 10.9 | 4.6 | 3.6 | 1.4 | 1.6 | – | 0.3 | 1.6 | 0.7 | 24.7 | 17.2 | |
| 8–11 Apr 2022 | Jiji Press | 1,226 | 37.4 | 7 | 8.6 | 3.8 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 1.7 | – | 0.2 | 0.5 | – | 34.9 | – | 2.5 |
| 19–20 Mar 2022 | ANN | 1,008 | 35.1 | 8.5 | 6.7 | 3.5 | 5.2 | 2.4 | 0.8 | – | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 36.8[f] | 1.7 | |
| 19–20 Mar 2022 | Kyodo News | 1,053 | 42.1 | 9.5 | 13.3 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 2.5 | 2.2 | – | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 20.7 | 21.4 | |
| 15 Mar–25 Apr 2022 | Asahi | 1,892 | 43 | 14 | 17 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | – | 1 | – | – | 11 | 26 | |
| 12–13 Mar 2022 | go2senkyo/JX | 1,001 | 31.2 | 19.1 | 17.8 | 5.4 | 6 | 2.3 | 1.2 | – | 0.8 | 0.8 | 2.3 | 13.2 | – | 12.1 |
| 19–20 Feb 2022 | ANN | 1,008 | 36.3 | 8.3 | 8.2 | 4.3 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 1.1 | – | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 36[g] | 0.3 | |
| 19–20 Feb 2022 | Kyodo News | 1,054 | 42.7 | 9.2 | 13.5 | 4.2 | 2 | 3.1 | 2.4 | – | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 19.9 | 22.8 | |
| 12–13 Feb 2022 | go2senkyo/JX | 1,004 | 32.5 | 13.9 | 19.2 | 5.3 | 6.5 | 2.5 | 1.5 | – | 1 | 0.9 | 3.1 | 13.6 | – | 13.3 |
| 4–6 Feb 2022 | Yomiuri/NNN | 1,071 | 41 | 9 | 14 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | – | 1 | 1 | – | 18 | 6 | 23 |
| 22–23 Jan 2022 | ANN | 1,025 | 33.8 | 9.8 | 9.3 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 1.7 | 1.2 | – | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 35.2[h] | 1.4 | |
| 22–23 Jan 2022 | Kyodo News | 1,059 | 38.3 | 15.3 | 13.5 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 2.4 | 1.5 | – | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 18.2 | 20.1 | |
| 15–16 Jan 2022 | go2senkyo/JX | ~1,000 | 32.8 | 17.7 | 16.7 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 2 | 1.5 | – | 1.6 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 13.9 | – | 15.1 |
| 14–16 Jan 2022 | Yomiuri/NNN | 1,057 | 42 | 9 | 14 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | – | 1 | – | – | 16 | 6 | 26 |
| 11–12 Dec 2021 | go2senkyo/JX | ~1,000 | 25.2 | 18.3 | 22.9 | 5.5 | 6.3 | 3 | 2.4 | – | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 12.6 | – | 2.3 |
| 13–14 Nov 2021 | go2senkyo/JX | ~1,000 | 30.2 | 17.3 | 18.4 | 6.2 | 8.6 | 2.9 | 1.5 | – | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 11.1 | – | 11.8 |
| 31 Oct 2021 | 2021 general election | 55.97%[a] | 34.7 | 20.0 | 14.0 | 12.4 | 7.3 | 4.5 | 3.9 | – | 1.8 | 1.4 | – | 1.7 | – | 14.7 |
Seat projections
edit| Fieldwork date | Polling firm | LDP | CDP | Ishin | KMT | JCP | DPFP | REI | DIY | SDP | NHK | Ind./ Oth. |
Majority | Gov. | Opp. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 Jul | Election results | 63 (45+18) |
17 (10+7) |
12 (4+8) |
13 (7+6) |
4 (1+3) |
5 (2+3) |
3 (1+2) |
1 (0+1) |
1 (0+1) |
1 (0+1) |
5 (5+0) |
–[i] | 76 (52+24) |
49 (23+26) |
| 7 Jul | Kaoru Matsuda for Weekly Fuji | 62 (44+18) |
16 (9+7) |
13 (5+8) |
14 (7+7) |
5 (2+3) |
4 (2+2) |
3 (1+2) |
– | 1 (0+1) |
0 | 7 (5+2) |
–1[j] | 76 (51+25) |
49 (24+25) |
| 4-5 Jul | Asahi Shimbun | 56–65 | 12–20 | 10–16 | 12–15 | 3–8 | 2–7 | 1–5 | – | 0–1 | 0–1 | 4–11 | – | 68–80 | 32–69 |
| 1-3 Jul | Yomiuri-NNN | 55–65 | 13–24 | 11–19 | 10–15 | 3–8 | 2–5 | 2–4 | – | 0–1 | 0–1 | 4–7 | – | 65–80 | 35–69 |
| 23 Jun | Sankei Shimbun | – | 70–82 | ||||||||||||
| 22-23 Jun | Asahi Shimbun | 56–66 | 13–22 | 9–15 | 12–15 | 4–8 | 1–7 | 1–5 | – | 0–2 | 0–2 | 4–8 | – | 68–81 | 32–69 |
| 21 Jun | Hiroshi Miura for Sports Hōchi | 62 (43+19) |
14 | – | 76 |
Results
editThe ruling Liberal Democratic Party modestly increased its seats in the chamber.[6] Turnout slightly increased compared to the previous election[7] while a new record was set for women elected to the chamber at 28%.[8] Parties supportive of constitutional revision (Liberal Democratic Party, Komeito, Japan Innovation Party, and Democratic Party For the People) won a combined total of 93 seats, and maintained the two-thirds majority needed to trigger the parliamentary procedure.[9] Sanseito and NHK Party, with three seats combined, are also in favour of rewriting the Constitution.[30][31]
The disparity in the value of a vote between prefectural districts in the election ranged up to 3.03 times (with a vote in Kanagawa Prefecture having only one-third the impact of a vote in Fukui Prefecture), leading to nationwide legal challenges. The Supreme Court had previously concluded after Upper House elections in 2010 and 2013 that a maximum vote-weight disparity of around 5 times was in a "state of unconstitutionality", with the current disparity coming somewhat close to that number. Prefectures have been resistant to combining electoral districts within their boundaries.[10]
 | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | National | Constituency | Seats | |||||||||
| Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Won | Not up | Total after | +/– | |||
| Liberal Democratic Party | 18,256,245 | 34.43 | 18 | 20,603,298 | 38.74 | 45 | 63 | 56 | 119 | +6 | ||
| Japan Innovation Party | 7,845,995 | 14.80 | 8 | 5,533,657 | 10.41 | 4 | 12 | 9 | 21 | +5 | ||
| Constitutional Democratic Party | 6,771,914 | 12.77 | 7 | 8,154,330 | 15.33 | 10 | 17 | 22 | 39 | +7 | ||
| Komeito | 6,181,432 | 11.66 | 6 | 3,600,490 | 6.77 | 7 | 13 | 14 | 27 | –1 | ||
| Japanese Communist Party | 3,618,343 | 6.82 | 3 | 3,636,534 | 6.84 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 11 | –2 | ||
| Democratic Party For the People | 3,159,657 | 5.96 | 3 | 2,038,655 | 3.83 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 10 | New | ||
| Reiwa Shinsengumi | 2,319,157 | 4.37 | 2 | 989,716 | 1.86 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 5 | +3 | ||
| Sanseitō | 1,768,385 | 3.33 | 1 | 2,018,215 | 3.80 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | New | ||
| Social Democratic Party | 1,258,502 | 2.37 | 1 | 178,911 | 0.34 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | –1 | ||
| NHK Party | 1,253,872 | 2.36 | 1 | 1,106,508 | 2.08 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | +1 | ||
| Burdock Party | 193,724 | 0.37 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |||||
| Happiness Realization Party | 148,020 | 0.28 | 0 | 134,718 | 0.25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Japan First Party | 109,046 | 0.21 | 0 | 74,097 | 0.14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
| Kunimori Conservative Party | 77,861 | 0.15 | 0 | 111,956 | 0.21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
| Ishin Seito Shimpu | 65,107 | 0.12 | 0 | 204,102 | 0.38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | ||
| First no Kai | 284,629 | 0.54 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |||||
| Children's Party | 50,662 | 0.10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |||||
| Japan Reform Party | 46,641 | 0.09 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |||||
| Kyowa Party | 41,014 | 0.08 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |||||
| Free Republican Party | 33,636 | 0.06 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |||||
| Metaverse Party | 19,100 | 0.04 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |||||
| Party to Realize Bright Japan with a Female Emperor | 10,268 | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |||||
| Smile Party | 5,409 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |||||
| Party to Know the Truth of Renewable Energy | 3,868 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |||||
| Peace Party | 3,559 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |||||
| Tenmei Party | 3,283 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |||||
| Party to take over U.S. military base in Okinawa to Tokyo | 3,043 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |||||
| Wake Up the Japanese Party | 2,440 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |||||
| Nuclear Fusion Party | 1,913 | 0.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | New | |||||
| Independents | 4,285,360 | 8.06 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 12 | –5 | |||||
| Total | 53,027,260 | 100.00 | 50 | 53,180,012 | 100.00 | 75 | 125 | 123 | 248 | 0 | ||
| Valid votes | 53,027,260 | 97.02 | 53,180,012 | 97.29 | ||||||||
| Invalid/blank votes | 1,626,202 | 2.98 | 1,479,020 | 2.71 | ||||||||
| Total votes | 54,653,462 | 100.00 | 54,659,032 | 100.00 | ||||||||
| Registered voters/turnout | 105,019,203 | 52.04 | 105,019,203 | 52.05 | ||||||||
| Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications | ||||||||||||
By constituency
edit| Constituency | Total seats |
Seats won | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDP | CDP | Komeito | Ishin | DPP | JCP | Reiwa | Sansei | NHK | SDP | Ind. | ||
| Aichi | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| Akita | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Aomori | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Chiba | 3 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||
| Ehime | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Fukui | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Fukuoka | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
| Fukushima | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Gifu | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Gunma | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Hiroshima | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Hokkaido | 3 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||
| Hyōgo | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
| Ibaraki | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Ishikawa | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Iwate | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Kagawa | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Kagoshima | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Kanagawa | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| Kumamoto | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Kyoto | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Mie | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Miyagi | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Miyazaki | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Nagano | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Nagasaki | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Nara | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Niigata | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Ōita | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Okinawa | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Okayama | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Osaka | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||
| Saga | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Saitama | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| Shiga | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Shizuoka | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Tochigi | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Tokushima–Kōchi | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Tokyo | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Tottori–Shimane | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Toyama | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Wakayama | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Yamagata | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Yamaguchi | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Yamanashi | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| National | 50 | 18 | 7 | 6 | 8 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| Total | 125 | 63 | 17 | 13 | 12 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 |
Notes
edit
- ^ a b Election turnout.
- ^ Undecided/no answer: 31%; Do not vote: 4%
- ^ Happiness Realization Party: 0.2%; Kunimori Conservative Party: 0.2%; Ishin Seito Shimpu: 0%; First no Kai: 0.2%; Others: 1.2%
- ^ Undecided/no answer: 35.4%; Do not vote: 2.6%
- ^ Undecided/no answer: 34.1%; Do not vote: 2.9%
- ^ Undecided/no answer: 34.5%; Do not vote: 2.3%
- ^ Undecided/no answer: 34%; Do not vote: 2%
- ^ Undecided/no answer: 32.3%; Do not vote: 2.9%
- ^ LDP–KMT coalition: +13
- ^ LDP–KMT coalition: +13
References
edit- ^ "参院選「２２日公示、７月１０日投開票」で閣議決定". 産経ニュース (in Japanese). 2022-06-15. Retrieved 2022-06-18.
- ^ "参院選神奈川 県内初の「合併選挙」 改選数4＋1、5位当選者は3年後に改選：東京新聞 TOKYO Web". 東京新聞 TOKYO Web (in Japanese). Retrieved 2022-07-12.
- ^ a b "Japan ex-leader Shinzo Abe apparently shot, in heart failure". Associated Press. 8 July 2022. Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
- ^ a b Sugiyama, Satoshi; Kim, Chang-Ran (2022-07-08). "Shinzo Abe's assassin used a handmade firearm". Reuters. Retrieved 2022-07-08.
- ^ a b "Japan Cabinet's approval rating rises to highest 63.2% after vote". Kyodo News+. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
- ^ a b Saric, Ivana (2022-07-10). "Shinzo Abe's political party wins supermajority in parliamentary elections". Axios. Retrieved 2022-07-10.
- ^ a b "【速報】参院選投票率52.05％ 前回上回るも 改選対象の6年前には及ばず". FNNプライムオンライン. 11 July 2022. Archived from the original on 2022-07-16. Retrieved 2022-07-11.
- ^ a b "参院選 女性当選者が35人で過去最多に 当選者に占める女性比率も過去最高：東京新聞 TOKYO Web". 東京新聞 TOKYO Web (in Japanese). Retrieved 2022-07-11.
- ^ a b "(Update 4) Japan LDP Achieves Big Victory in Upper House Poll". Jiji Press. 11 July 2022. Retrieved 11 July 2022.
- ^ a b "Lawsuits filed to contest election results over large vote disparity | The Asahi Shimbun: Breaking News, Japan News and Analysis". The Asahi Shimbun. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
- ^ "参院選「２２日公示、７月１０日投開票」で閣議決定". 産経ニュース (in Japanese). 2022-06-15. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
- ^ Hisanaga, Ryuichi (29 May 2018). "LDP compiles plan to revise Upper House election system". Asahi Shimbun. Retrieved 30 May 2018.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "選挙について：よくある質問：参議院". www.sangiin.go.jp. Archived from the original on 2022-07-14. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
- ^ "維新、松沢氏の離党承認 横浜市長選に無所属で出馬". 産経ニュース (in Japanese). 2021-08-06. Retrieved 2022-07-14.
- ^ "前・神奈川県知事の松沢氏が出馬表明「カジノはやめるべき」 横浜市長選". カナロコ by 神奈川新聞 (in Japanese). Retrieved 2022-07-14.
- ^ "横浜市長選挙候補者別得票数" (PDF). city.yokohama.lg.jp (in Japanese). Retrieved 31 August 2021.
- ^ "参院選・神奈川選挙区は改選4に5人当選…ただし5位なら任期3年で3年後に党内現職と競合も：東京新聞 TOKYO Web". 東京新聞 TOKYO Web (in Japanese). Retrieved 2022-07-14.
- ^ 日本放送協会. "自民 中西健治参議院議員 議員辞職願を提出 衆院選に立候補へ". NHKニュース. Retrieved 2022-07-14.
- ^ "総務省｜選挙・政治資金制度｜特例郵便等投票". 総務省 (in Japanese). Retrieved 2022-07-22.
- ^ "総務省｜執行経費基準法及び公職選挙法の一部改正について". 総務省 (in Japanese). Retrieved 2022-07-22.
- ^ "Some candidates for the House of Councillors canceled street activities, the shooting of Prime Minister Abe, and Kagoshima also affected". TBS NEWS DIG (in Japanese). 8 July 2022. Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
- ^ "共産の志位委員長は選挙活動継続「暴力に民主主義が屈してはいけない」". 産経ニュース (in Japanese). 2022-07-08. Retrieved 2022-07-22.
- ^ "Exit polls suggest victory for Japan's ruling party in parliamentary election". NPR.org. Retrieved 2022-07-23.
- ^ "Japan ruling coalition to keep majority in parliamentary vote -exit polls". Reuters. 2022-07-10. Retrieved 2022-07-23.
- ^ "Japan's LDP wins big in upper house election after ex-PM Abe's death". The Mainichi. 11 July 2022. Archived from the original on 10 July 2022. Retrieved 11 July 2022.
- ^ "Back to the drawing board (again) for opposition side | The Asahi Shimbun: Breaking News, Japan News and Analysis". The Asahi Shimbun. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
- ^ "立憲は「惨敗」も光明見えた？ 泉代表「敗戦の弁」で連呼したフレーズ". J-CAST ニュース (in Japanese). 2022-07-11. Retrieved 2022-07-12.
- ^ NHK kaisetsu blog archive, 19 July 2018: 「参院定数６増 比例特定枠導入～選挙制度改革行方は」（時論公論）
- ^ MIC, electoral system news, 24 October 2018: 参議院議員選挙制度の改正について
- ^ "参院選当選者 参政比例名簿・候補者 選挙・開票結果". 読売新聞オンライン (in Japanese). 2022-06-22. Retrieved 2022-07-15.
- ^ "参院選当選者 Ｎ党比例名簿・候補者 選挙・開票結果". 読売新聞オンライン (in Japanese). 2022-06-22. Retrieved 2022-07-15.