Aristide Delannoy (30 July 1874 - 5 May 1911) was a French painter, newspaper cartoonist, caricaturist, and anarchist.
Aristide Delannoy | |
|---|---|
 Portrait of Delannoy by Gaston Raieter, April 1911 | |
| Born | Aristide Grégoire Joseph Delannoy July 30, 1874 |
| Died | May 5, 1911 (aged 36) |
| Occupation | Cartoonist |
| Movement | Anarchism |
Biography
editDelannoy was born in Béthune, France, to a family of watch sellers of modest means. From the age of 15, although "deaf as a stone", he was corporal of his school regiment (fr:Bataillon scolaire).[1] Passionate about painting, he took drawing and painting classes from Pharaon de Winter at the École des beaux-arts de Lille, then, in 1897, classes at the École des beaux-arts de Paris before exhibiting at the Salon des indépendants from 1902.
Painting did not allow him to support his family, so he turned to drawing for newspapers. An anarchist, he published in L'Assiette au beurre from 1901, then collaborated with many anarchist and anti-militarist publications, among them Les Temps nouveaux, La Guerre sociale and Les Hommes du jour, for which he designed nearly 150 covers.
Les Hommes du jour
editDelannoy drew Georges Clemenceau as a skull for the first edition of Hommes du jour in January 1908, following the bloody repression of the Draveil quarry workers' movement. Victor Méric wrote in the edition of Hommes du jour dedicated to Delannoy: "We were quite worried. We needed, for the first issue intended for the 'Top Cop' Clemenceau, a vigorous, acerbic, biting drawing. I had done everything possible for the text. When Delannoy, a few days later, returned with his sketch and showed us the famous skull, we jumped for joy. With a similar illustration, the issue was sure to be a success. It was a triumph. Clemenceau's Maw had a run of 25,000 and sold like hot cakes."[2][3]
Trial, fine, imprisonment
edit
On 26 September 1908, he and Victor Méric were condemned to a year of prison and a 3000-franc fine, a considerable sum at the time, for having drawn General Albert d'Amade, who had become "decorated" in Morocco, as a butcher with a bloodstained apron.[3] Fifteen people, among them Octave Mirbeau, Anatole France and Lucien Descaves, testified during the trial.[4] The two men were incarcerated at La Santé Prison.[3] His colleagues supported him in a special issue of L'Assiette au beurre on 8 May entitled "Artists are people who...".[5] Suffering from tuberculosis, Delannoy was released early, on 21 June 1909.[3] The arrest caused a great chill in the cartooning world, with some no longer signing their work with their real names. In fact, a law even more restrictive on the freedom of the press was in the works.
In February 1910, he was a co-signer of the manifesto of the "Revolutionary anti-parliamentary committee" initiated by Jules Grandjouan.[3]
Death
editHis tuberculosis worsened, and he was admitted to the sanatorium in Saint-Raphaël at the beginning of 1911. He returned to Paris in April and died the following month, leaving a widow and a young daughter.[3]
Bibliography
edit- L'art social à la Belle Époque : Aristide Delannoy, Jules Grandjouan, Maximilien Luce : trois artistes engagés, exhibition brochure, 19 November 2005 - 16 January 2006, Adiamos 89, Musée-Abbaye Saint Germain d'Auxerre, 2005, ISBN 2-909418-26-X.
- Frédéric Lavignette, L'affaire Liabeuf : histoires d'une vengeance, éditions Fage, 2011.
- Aristide Delannoy, un crayon de combat. Preface by Henry Poulaille. Editions Le Vent du Ch'min 1982. Contains all the cartoons drawn by Delannoy between 1900 and 1911. ISBN 2-902920-11-3.
References
edit- ^ "A. Delannoy". Les Hommes du jour (in French). 3 October 1908. Retrieved 18 March 2024.
- ^ "Nous étions assez inquiets. Il nous fallait, pour le premier numéro destiné au Grand Flic Clemenceau, un dessin vigoureux, acerbe, mordant. J’avais fait le possible pour le texte. Quand Delannoy, quelques jours après, revint avec son carton et exhiba la fameuse tête de mort, nous trépignâmes de joie. Avec un dessin semblable, c’était le succès assuré. Ce fut le triomphe. La Gueule de Clemenceau tirée à 25 000 s’enleva comme du petit pain."
- ^ a b c d e f Maitron, Jean; Davranche, Guillaume (2022-10-05), "DELANNOY Aristide, Grégoire, Joseph", Dictionnaire des anarchistes (in French), Paris: Maitron/Editions de l'Atelier, retrieved 2024-03-19
- ^ "Un procès d'antimilitaristes". Le guetteur de saint-Quentin et de l'Aisne (in French). 27 September 1908.
- ^ "Les artistes sont des gens qui…"
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