Esko Tapani Aho (born 20 May 1954) is a Finnish politician who was prime minister of Finland from 1991 to 1995.[1]
Esko Aho | |
|---|---|
 Esko Aho in 2022 | |
| 37th Prime Minister of Finland | |
| In office 26 April 1991 – 13 April 1995 | |
| President | Mauno Koivisto Martti Ahtisaari |
| Deputy | Ilkka Kanerva Pertti Salolainen |
| Preceded by | Harri Holkeri |
| Succeeded by | Paavo Lipponen |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Esko Tapani Aho 20 May 1954 Veteli, Finland |
| Political party | Centre |
| Spouse | Kirsti Aho |
| Profession | Master of Political Sciences, Visiting Professor at Sciences Po, Paris |
Early life and career
editAho was born in Veteli, Finland. Prior to attending university, he began a career in politics. From 1974 to 1979, he was chairman of the Finnish Centre Youth, many of whose previous chairmen had risen to high political positions. In 1978, he became a presidential elector, a position he also held in 1982 and 1998. From 1979 to 1980, Aho was political secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From 1980 to 1983, he was a trade promoter for the municipality of Kannus.[2]
Aho studied at the University of Helsinki, graduating with a Master of Social Science degree in 1981.[2]
Since 2010 he has been a member of the board of the Skolkovo Innovation Center. Currently, he is a visiting professor at Sciences Po, Paris.[3]
Parliamentary career
edit
Aho was first elected to the Finnish Parliament (eduskunta) in 1983. He became chairman of the Centre Party in 1990, a position that he held until 2002. The party was at the time one of three major political parties in Finland.[4]
At 36 years of age, he was the youngest prime minister in Finnish history.[5]
Aho was the prime minister of a centre-right coalition government (Centre Party, National Coalition Party, Christian Democrats and Swedish People's Party) from 1991 to 1995. He is best known for leading Finland into the European Union.[5] Aho's own party, most of whose voters lived and live in rural areas, was the most opposed to EU membership among major parties. The greatest concern of these voters was the EU's effect on Finnish agriculture,[6] but they were persuaded to support membership due to the prime minister's diplomacy. Finland applied for EU membership on 16 March 1992, and a referendum was held two and a half years later.[7] Aho's government also faced the deep economic depression of the early 1990s. Despite a steep rise in the national debt, the Aho government applied a stringent policy of austerity that made it unpopular. This partly caused its fall in the 1995 election and the Centre Party's eight-year period in the opposition.[8]
Aho had the nickname "Kennedy of Kannus" Kannus being his hometown) due to his streamlined and well coiffed habitus reminiscent of John F. Kennedy.
Esko Aho lost the bid for President of Finland to Tarja Halonen in 2000. He subsequently retired from active politics, initially in the form of a "sabbatical leave" of one year, during which he led a study group on the EU in the 2000 fall semester at Harvard University (where he was a resident fellow at the Institute of Politics).[5] In the 2003 election he left[clarification needed] parliament and retired from daily politics. He then served as the president of the Finnish national innovation fund SITRA (the Finnish National Fund for Research and Development).[9]
In 2008, Aho's name was included in an opinion poll on possible presidential candidates, in which he ranked last.[10]
On 1 November 2008, Aho became Nokia's executive vice president of corporate relations and responsibility and became a member of its executive board.[11][12]
At the time of his rise to prime minister, he was the youngest head of government in Europe.
Banks
editAho became a member of the board of directors of the Russian Sberbank in 2016.[13] He resigned from the position in February 2022 following the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[14]
Honors
edit
Order of the White Rose of Finland (Finland, 1992)[15]
Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana (Estonia, 2003)[16]
Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Italy, 1993)[17]
Cabinets
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Ministerikortisto". Valtioneuvosto. [permanent dead link]
- ^ a b Ex-post Evaluation of the IST Thermatic Priority, 6th FP. Retrieved 23 January 2010.
- ^ "Faculty | Sciences Po psia". www.sciencespo.fr. 30 June 2014. Archived from the original on 15 December 2017. Retrieved 14 December 2017.
- ^ "Edustajamatrikkeli". Eduskunta. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011.. Retrieved 23 January 2010.
- ^ a b c "Harvard University Institute of Politics - Esko Aho". Archived from the original on 3 July 2010. Retrieved 23 January 2010.
- ^ "Helsingin Sanomat – International Edition". Archived from the original on 20 October 2012.
- ^ Journal of European Integration, Volume 19, Issue 1 Autumn 1995 , pages 43 – 69 Enlargement of the European Union and the Nordic Model
- ^ Porvarihallitus: Porvarihallitusten ottama velka, accessed 28 March 2011.
- ^ "Finnish ex-PM Esko Aho to join Nokia management – Forbes.com". Forbes. 4 June 2011. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
- ^ "Stubb kärkikolmikossa presidenttikyselyssä | Kotimaa | YLE Uutiset | yle.fi". Archived from the original on 6 June 2011. Retrieved 23 January 2010. Stubb kärkikolmikossa presidenttikyselyssä YLE 20 August 2010
- ^ "Finnish ex-PM Esko Aho to join Nokia management". Forbes. 15 August 2008. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
- ^ Esko Aho to join Nokia on 1 November 2008 – Veli Sundbäck to retire at the end of May 2009 Nokia
- ^ "Esko Ahoa esitetään venäläispankin johtopaikalle". Yle Uutiset. 17 March 2016. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
- ^ "Esko Aho IS:lle: "Jätän Sberbankin välittömästi"". Ilta-Sanomat. 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
- ^ "ANNETUT KUNNIAMERKIT 1990-2021". Ritarikunnat (in Finnish). 25 April 2021. Retrieved 6 April 2024.
- ^ "Teenetemärkide kavalerid". Vabariigi Presidendi Kantselei (in Estonian). Retrieved 6 April 2024.
- ^ "AHO S.E. Esko". Palazzo del Quirinale (in Italian). 2024. Retrieved 6 April 2024.