This is a list of launches made by Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) using Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rockets.
Notable missions
editPSLV flight D1
editThis was the first developmental flight of the PSLV-D1.[1] The IRS-1E satellite which was proposed to be launched was derived from the engineering model of IRS-1A incorporating a similar camera and an additional German-built monocular electro-optical stereo scanner. Even though the mission was a failure, the launch team and an expert committee appointed thereafter noted that the mission had validated many technologies and that most sub-systems had performed optimally.[2][3]
PSLV flight C2
editIn the flight sequence, IRS-P4 was injected first, followed by KITSAT-3 and DLR-Tubsat in that order.[4] The mission was supported by ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network of ground stations located at Bangalore, Sriharikota, Lucknow, Mauritius, Bearslake, Russia and Biak, Indonesia. During the initial phase of the mission the ground station at Wilhem in Germany also provided network support. Upon injection of the satellites, data from the IRS-P4 was received at Hyderabad while KITSAT-3 data was received at the ground station in South Korea and the data from the DLR-Tubsat was received at the university ground station in Berlin.[5][6]
PSLV flight C6
editThe former President, Dr. Abdul Kalam, witnessed the launch from the Mission Control Centre.[7] It was the first PSLV launch from second pad, using integrate-transfer-and-launch technology. After its integration in the Vehicle Assembly Building, the PSLV-C6 was transported on rails to the Umbilical Tower (UT) located one km away using the Mobile Launch Pedestal where the final operations were carried out.[7]
The following hardware changes[8][9] were made since PSLV-C6:
- first use of DLA (Dual Launch Adapter) to launch 2 primary satellites in time
- reduction of propellant from 2.5 tonne to 2 tonne in the fourth liquid propellant stage
- incorporation of a video imaging system to capture payload and DLA separation events
- altitude based day of launch wind-biased steering programme during Open Loop Guidance
- removal of Secondary Injection Thrust Vector Control (SITVC) system for one of the strapons ignited in the air.
PSLV flight C9
editThe fourth stage first fired Cartosat-2A into orbit at an altitude of 637 km about 885 seconds after lift-off. About 45 seconds later, it propelled IMS-1 into the orbit. Then the six nano satellites belonging to a cluster called Nanosatellite Launch System-4 (NLS-4) were injected into orbit at intervals of 20 seconds each. NLS-5, a single satellite, flew out and finally the tenth satellite Rubin-8 went along with the fourth stage into orbit. Two satellites belonged to India and the remaining were nanosatellites built by universities in different countries.[10] This was the maximum number of satellites placed in orbit, in a single PSLV launch.[11][12][13]
PSLV flight C21
editLaunch attended by the former prime minister, Manmohan Singh.[14] mRESINS (mini Redundant Strapdown Inertial Navigation System) bolted to the vehicle's fourth stage, have tested avionics for future PSLV missions.[15] With this launch Indian Space Research Organisation marked its 100 space missions, with 62 satellites, 37 launch vehicles and 1 Space Capsule Recovery Experiment.[citation needed]
PSLV flight C22
editEarlier launch date for PSLV C22 was fixed as 12 June 2013 but the launch had been postponed because of a technical snag in the 2nd stage.[16]
ISRO then replaced a faulty component in the PSLV C22 rocket and rescheduled the flight of the IRNSS-1A satellite on 1 July 2013.[17] PSLV C22, successfully launched IRNSS-1A, the first satellite in the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS). At the completion of the countdown, PSLV C22 lifted off from the First Launch Pad at 23:41 (IST) on 1 July 2013 with the ignition of the first stage and four strap-on motors of the launch vehicle.[18]
PSLV flight C25
editThe Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), informally called Mangalyaan is a Mars orbiter that was successfully injected into Earth orbit on 5 November 2013 at 14:38 IST (09:08 UTC) atop a PSLV-XL launch vehicle from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota (SHAR).[citation needed]
PSLV flight C29
editPSLV C29 lifted off from the First Launch Pad (FLP) of SDSC SHAR at 18:00 [IST] on 16 December 2015. It successfully deployed six satellites it carried with gross weight of 624 kg. After fourth stage engines were cut off primary payload TeLEOS-1 was injected in orbit at about 18 minutes 12 seconds after lift-off. This was followed by the deployment of other five satellites, namely Kent Ridge-1, VELOX-C1, VELOX-II, Galassia and Athenoxat-1 in quick succession in the subsequent three minutes.[19] 67 minutes into flight fourth stage re-ignition capability was demonstrated successfully by firing its engines for duration of nearly five seconds. This capability would enable multiple satellite deployment in varying orbits on same flight.[20]
PSLV flight C34
editPSLV-C34 was launched on 22 June 2016 and successfully deployed 20 satellites in Sun-synchronous orbit. A Dual Launch Adapter with new design[21] compared to its previous version[22] was used to integrate all ride-sharing payloads with PS4. After completion of mission a pair of PS4 re-ignition tests were performed to reaffirm multi-orbit deployment capability of PS4.[23] A new inertial navigation system 'Mk IV A' employing next generation accelerometer was introduced on this mission.[24][25]
PSLV flight C36
editRemote umbilical fill and drain system was used on fourth stage for the first time reducing the countdown time by one day. Experimental avionics packages were flown bolted to fourth stage including "miniaturized advanced inertial navigation system" miniAINS,[26] NavIC based positioning system,[27] Vikram processor and new lithium-ion based power system. A video imaging system was also on-board, consisting of five cameras which captured and live streamed various staging events.[28][29]
PSLV flight C37
editPSLV C37 was launched from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota (SHAR) carrying a payload of 104 satellites from 6 countries around the world (Israel, Kazakhstan, Netherlands, Switzerland, United Arab Emirates and the United States). Of the 104 satellites, 96 were CubeSats made by Planet Labs and Spire Global, two San Francisco companies adding to their commercial satellite constellations.[30]
The launch set the record for the largest number of spacecraft ever launched on a single rocket. The previous record was held by Russia, which in 2014 catapulted 37 satellites in a single launch, using a modified Intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM).[31][32] It was again broken by SpaceX on their Transporter-1 mission which carried 143 satellites on a single launch.
PSLV flight C48
editThis was the 50th flight of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle.[33] It was also the 75th launch from Sriharikota. The flight placed into orbit the RISAT-2BR1 and nine customer satellites for New Space India Ltd. It was the second flight of the PSLV in the QL configuration.[34]
PSLV flight C51
editThis was the 53rd flight of PSLV and the 50th successful flight of PSLV. This is the first dedicated commercial launch executed by NSIL.[35] The mission successfully placed Amazônia-1 from Brazil, INPE and 18 other payload into its orbit.[36]
PSLV flight C57
editLaunched 10 days after the successful landing of ISRO's Moon mission, Chandrayaan-3, this mission carried the Aditya-L1 Mission satellite, the first Indian satellite dedicated to studying the Sun. Launch was successful and achieved its intended orbit nearly an hour later, and separated from its fourth stage.[37] On 6 January 2024, Aditya-L1 spacecraft, India's first solar mission, has successfully entered its final orbit with a period of approximately 180 days around the first Sun-Earth Lagrangian point (L1), approximately 1.5 million kilometers from Earth.[38]
Launch failures Of PSLV
editIRS-1E
editOn 20 September 1993, a PSLV D1, the first developmental flight rocket, failed during launch of IRS-1E. A significant attitude disturbance occurred during second to third-stage separation, causing the attitude control command to exceed its maximum value. Because of the programming error in the pitch control loop of the digital autopilot software in the guidance and control processor, the required reversal of command polarity did not take place, causing the pitch loop to become unstable, resulted in loss of attitude control and failure to achieve orbit. The attitude control disturbance was traced to failure of one of the retro rockets designed to pull the burnt second stage away from the third stage. The vehicle crashed into the Bay of Bengal 700 seconds after take off.[3]
IRS-1D
editOn 29 September 1997, a PSLV C1 rocket failed during launch of IRS-1D. Anomalous interaction between the primary and secondary pressure regulators of the fourth stage caused a reduction in propellant flow and thrust after 250 seconds of burn time. As a result, the fourth stage was shut down by a software override timer after burning 435 seconds, before reaching the target orbit or depleting propellant. The injection velocity was 140 m/s low, resulting in an orbit of 301 x 823 km instead of the planned 817 km circular SSO.[39] Initially, a leak of helium gas from one of the components in the fourth stage was suspected,[40][41] similar to recent Long March 3 launch failure, but later ruled out. Resulting orbit was partially corrected using satellite's on-board thrusters, thereby raising the perigee to 737 km, while the apogee remained at 821 km.[3]
IRNSS-1H
editPSLV-C39 carrying IRNSS-1H was launched on 31 August 2017 at 13:30 UTC from Second Launch Pad of Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SHAR). After about 203 seconds of flight payload fairing failed to be jettisoned as planned. Despite completing rest of the flight with all other systems working as expected, with about 1000 kg of extra weight[42] orbit achieved was 167.4 x 6554.8 km at 19.18° inclination well below the intended 284 x 20650 km at 19.2° inclination.[43] After fourth stage engine cut off IRNSS-1H separation occurred, leaving it adrift inside the closed payload fairing. This was second event of total failure in PSLV launch history since 1993.[44][45]
Launch statistics
editLaunch outcomes
edit- Failure
- Partial failure
- Success
- Scheduled
Launch history
editAs of 1 January 2024[update] the PSLV has made 60 launches, with 57 successfully reaching their planned orbits, two outright failures and one partial failure, yielding a success rate of 95% (or 97% including the partial failure).[46] All launches have occurred from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, known before 2002 as the Sriharikota Range (SHAR).
1993–1999edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D1 | 20 September 1993 05:12 |
PSLV-G | First | IRS-1E | 846 kg | Failure | ||
Maiden flight; Attitude control failure at second stage separation.[1] | ||||||||
D2 | 15 October 1994 05:05 |
PSLV-G | First | IRS-P2 | 804 kg | Success | ||
[47] | ||||||||
D3 | 21 March 1996 04:53 |
PSLV-G | First | IRS-P3 | 920 kg | Success | ||
[48] | ||||||||
C1 | 29 September 1997 04:47 |
PSLV-G | First | IRS-1D | 1250 kg | Partial failure | ||
First operational flight; Fourth stage under-performed resulting in lower than planned orbit. Satellite used own propulsion to move to correct orbit.[49] | ||||||||
C2 | 26 May 1999 06:22 |
PSLV-G | First | Oceansat-1 DLR-Tubsat Kitsat-3 |
1050 kg 45 kg 107 kg |
Success | ||
First launch to have foreign satellites, and first to carry multiple satellites.[4][5] | ||||||||
2001–2005edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C3 | 22 October 2001 04:53 |
PSLV-G | First | TES PROBA BIRD |
1108 kg 94 kg 92 kg |
Success | ||
First multi-orbit mission. TES and BIRD were injected into a nominal 568 km circular sun-synchronous polar orbit, PROBA was injected into a 568 X 638 km elliptic orbit. Orbit was raised using RCS thrusters on fourth stage.[50][51] | ||||||||
C4 | 12 September 2002 10:23 |
PSLV-G | First | MetSat-1 (Kalpana-1) | 1060 kg | Success | ||
India's first launch to GTO. GTO payload capability has reached 1200 kg from 2002 onward, compared to 1050 kg previously. First use of lightweight carbon composite payload adapter.[52][53][54] | ||||||||
C5 | 17 October 2003 04:52 |
PSLV-G | First | RESOURCESAT-1 (IRS-P6) | 1360 kg | Success | ||
Payload capability had been progressively increased by more than 600 kg since the first PSLV launch. Launch took place despite heavy rain.[55][56] | ||||||||
C6 | 5 May 2005 04:45 |
PSLV-G | Second | Cartosat-1 HAMSAT |
1560 kg 42.5 kg |
Success | ||
First PSLV launch from the second launch pad.[57] | ||||||||
2007edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C7 | 10 January 2007 03:54 |
PSLV-G | First | Cartosat-2 SRE-1 LAPAN-TUBsat PEHUENSAT-1 |
680 kg 500 kg 56 kg 6 kg |
Success | ||
First flight of hardware upgrade, first launch of reentry capsule (SRE).[58] | ||||||||
C8 | 23 April 2007 10:00 |
PSLV-CA | Second | AGILE AAM (attached to PS4) |
352 kg 185 kg |
Success | ||
First flight of the 'Core-Alone' configuration. ISRO's first commercial launch (foreign satellite as the main payload).[59][60] | ||||||||
2008edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C10 | 21 January 2008 03:45 |
PSLV-CA | First | TecSAR | 295 kg | Success | ||
ISRO's second commercial launch (foreign satellite as the main payload).[61][62] | ||||||||
C9 | 28 April 2008 03:53 |
PSLV-CA | Second | Cartosat-2A IMS-1/TWSAT RUBIN-8 CanX-6/NTS CanX-2 CUTE-1.7 + APD II Delfi-C3 SEEDS-2 COMPASS-1 AAUSAT-II |
690 kg 83 kg 8 kg 6.5 kg 3.5 kg 3 kg 2.2 kg 1 kg 1 kg 0.75 kg |
Success | ||
[63][64] | ||||||||
C11 | 22 October 2008 00:52 |
PSLV-XL | Second | Chandrayaan-1 | 1380 kg | Success | ||
First flight of the PSLV-XL configuration, first Indian Lunar probe.[65][66] | ||||||||
2009edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C12 | 20 April 2009 01:15 |
PSLV-CA | Second | RISAT-2 ANUSAT |
300 kg 40 kg |
Success | ||
India's first radar imaging satellite, RISAT.[67][68] | ||||||||
C14 | 23 September 2009 06:21 |
PSLV-CA | First | Oceansat-2 Rubin 9.1 (attached to PS4) Rubin 9.2 (attached to PS4) SwissCube-1 BeeSat UWE-2 ITUpSAT1 |
960 kg 8 kg 8 kg 1 kg 1 kg 1 kg 1 kg |
Success | ||
Rubin 9.1 and 9.2 intentionally remained attached to the fourth stage. SwissCube-1 was the first Swiss satellite, and ITUpSAT1 was the first satellite to be constructed in Turkey.[69][70][71][72][73][74] | ||||||||
2010edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C15 | 12 July 2010 03:52 |
PSLV-CA | First | Cartosat-2B ALSAT-2A AISSat-1 TIsat-1 STUDSAT |
694 kg 117 kg 6.5 kg 1 kg 0.95 kg |
Success | ||
AISSat-1 and TIsat are part of NLS-6.[75][76][77][78][79][80][81] | ||||||||
2011edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C16 | 20 April 2011 04:42 |
PSLV-G | First | ResourceSat-2 X-Sat YouthSat |
1206 kg 106 kg 92 kg |
Success | ||
[82] | ||||||||
C17 | 15 July 2011 11:18 |
PSLV-XL | Second | GSAT-12 | 1410 kg | Success | ||
First use of Vikram flight computer.[83][84] | ||||||||
C18 | 12 October 2011 05:31 |
PSLV-CA | First | Megha-Tropiques SRMSAT Jugnu VesselSat-1 |
1000 kg 10.9 kg 3 kg 28.7 kg |
Success | ||
[85][86] | ||||||||
2012edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C19 | 26 April 2012 00:17 |
PSLV-XL | First | RISAT-1 | 1858 kg | Success | ||
[87][88] | ||||||||
C21 | 9 September 2012 04:23 |
PSLV-CA | First | SPOT-6 mRESINS (attached to PS4) PROITERES |
720 kg 50 kg 15 kg |
Success | ||
mRESINS tested avionics for future PSLV launches. ISRO's third commercial launch (foreign satellite as the main payload). ISRO's 100th mission.[89][90] | ||||||||
2013edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C20 | 25 February 2013 12:31 |
PSLV-CA | First | SARAL Sapphire NEOSSat TUGSAT-1 UniBRITE-1 STRaND-1 AAUSAT3 |
409 kg 148 kg 74 kg 14 kg 14 kg 6.5 kg 0.8 kg |
Success | ||
TUGSAT-1 and UniBRITE were the first Austrian satellites.[91][92][93] | ||||||||
C22 | 1 July 2013 18:11 |
PSLV-XL | First | IRNSS-1A | 1425 kg | Success | ||
India's first regional navigation satellite.[18] | ||||||||
C25 | 5 November 2013 09:08 |
PSLV-XL | First | Mars Orbiter Mission | 1350 kg | Success | ||
India's first Mars mission.[94][95] | ||||||||
2014edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C24 | 4 April 2014 11:44 |
PSLV-XL | First | IRNSS-1B | 1432 kg | Success | ||
India's second regional navigation satellite.[96][97] | ||||||||
C23 | 30 June 2014 04:22 |
PSLV-CA | First | SPOT-7 CanX-4 CanX-5 AISAT VELOX-1 |
714 kg 15 kg 15 kg 14 kg 7 kg |
Success | ||
ISRO's fourth commercial launch (foreign satellite as the main payload).[98] | ||||||||
C26 | 16 October 2014 20:02 |
PSLV-XL | First | IRNSS-1C | 1425.4 kg | Success | ||
Seventh PSLV-XL and third Navigation Satellite launch.[99][100] | ||||||||
2015edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C27 | 28 March 2015 11:49 |
PSLV-XL | Second | IRNSS-1D | 1425 kg | Success | ||
Eighth PSLV-XL and fourth Navigation Satellite launch.[101] | ||||||||
C28 | 10 July 2015 16:28 |
PSLV-XL | First | UK-DMC3A UK-DMC3B UK-DMC3C CBNT-1 DeOrbitSail |
447 kg 447 kg 447 kg 91 kg 7 kg |
Success | ||
At the time it was the heaviest commercial mission (1439 kg) successfully accomplished using a launch vehicle assembled by ISRO.[102][103][104] | ||||||||
C30 | 28 September 2015 04:30 |
PSLV-XL | First | Astrosat LAPAN-A2 exactView 9 Lemur-2 #1 Joel Lemur-2 #2 Peter Lemur-2 #3 Jeroen Lemur-2 #4 Chris |
1650 kg 68 kg 5.5 kg 4 kg 4 kg 4 kg 4 kg |
Success | ||
Launch of India's first dedicated multi-wavelength space observatory and ISRO's first launch of US satellites.[105] | ||||||||
C29 | 16 December 2015 12:30 |
PSLV-CA | First | TeLEOS-1 VELOX-C1 VELOX-II Kent Ridge-1 Galassia Athenoxat-1[106][107] |
400 kg 123 kg 13 kg 78 kg 3.4 kg 4.8 kg |
Success | ||
Commercial launch of 6 Singaporean satellites. Fourth stage re-ignition demonstrated successfully after payload deployment.[108][109][20] | ||||||||
2016edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C31 | 20 January 2016 04:01 |
PSLV-XL | Second | IRNSS-1E | 1425 kg | Success | ||
IRNSS-1E, fifth navigation satellite of the seven satellites constituting the IRNSS space segment launched. It carries two types of payloads – navigation payload and ranging payload. This is the eleventh time "XL" configuration is being flown.[110][111][112] | ||||||||
C32 | 10 March 2016 10:31 |
PSLV-XL | Second | IRNSS-1F | 1425 kg | Success | ||
IRNSS-1F, sixth navigation satellite of the seven satellites constituting the IRNSS space segment launched. It carries two types of payloads – navigation payload and ranging payload. This is the twelfth time "XL" configuration is being flown. IRNSS-1F carries Corner Cube Retroreflectors for laser ranging.[113] Launch initially scheduled for 10:30 was delayed by one minute to avoid space debris.[114] | ||||||||
C33 | 28 April 2016 07:20 |
PSLV-XL | First | IRNSS-1G | 1425 kg | Success | ||
IRNSS-1G, last navigation satellite of the seven satellites constituting the IRNSS space segment launched. India's own navigational system, the set-up for which was completed will be called NAVIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation)[115][116][117][118][119] | ||||||||
C34 | 22 June 2016 03:55 |
PSLV-XL | Second | Cartosat-2C LAPAN-A3 BIROS SkySat Gen2-1 GHGSat-D M3MSat Swayam SathyabamaSat 12 × Flock-2P Dove (satellite) |
727.5 kg 120 kg 130 kg 110 kg 25.5 kg 85 kg 1 kg 1.5 kg 12 × 4.7 kg |
Success | ||
ISRO's Cartosat-2C and 19 other satellites launched.[120][121][122][123][124][125] | ||||||||
C35 | 26 September 2016 03:42 |
PSLV-G | First | ScatSat-1 ALSAT-2B ALSAT-1B Pathfinder-1 Pratham CanX-7 (NLS-19)[126] ALSAT-1N PISat |
371 kg 117 kg 103 kg 44 kg 10 kg 8 kg 7 kg 5.25 kg |
Success | ||
ISRO's longest PSLV satellite launch mission. First mission of PSLV in which it launched its payloads into two different orbits.[127][128][129][130][131][132] | ||||||||
C36 | 7 December 2016 04:55 |
PSLV-XL | First | Resourcesat-2A | 1235 kg | Success | ||
[133][134][135][136][137][138] | ||||||||
2017edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C37 | 15 February 2017 03:58 |
PSLV-XL | First | Cartosat-2D INS-1A INS-1B Nayif-1 CubeSats Al Farabi-1 PEASSS BGUSAT DIDO-2 Doves Flock-3P Lemur-2 |
730 kg 8.4 kg 9.7 kg 1.1 kg 1.7 kg 3 kg 4.3 kg 4.2 kg 4.7 kg x 88 4.6 kg x 8 |
Success | ||
PSLV-C37 successfully carried and deployed a record 104 satellites in the sun-synchronous orbit.[139][140][141][142][143][144] | ||||||||
C38 | 23 June 2017 03:59 [145][146] |
PSLV-XL | First | Cartosat-2E[147] NIUSAT[148] CESAT-1[149] Lemur-2 × 8 , , Blue, Red, Green Diamonds , Max Valier Sat[150] Venta-1 D-Sat[151] Aalto-1 COMPASS-2/Dragsail QB50 InflateSail QB50 URSA MAIOR QB50 LituanicaSAT-2 QB50 PEGASUS QB50 NUDTSat QB50 VZLUSAT1 QB50 UCLSat QB50 SUCHAI ROBUSTA-1B skCUBE CICERO-6 Tyvak-53b (PacSciSat[152]) KickSat Sprites × 6 (All flown with Venta-1 and Max Valier Sat) |
727 kg 15 kg 60 kg 4 kg x 8 18 kg 15 kg 7.5 kg 4.5 kg 4 kg 4 kg 4 kg 3 kg 4 kg 2 kg 2 kg 2 kg 2 kg 1 kg 1 kg 1 kg ? kg ? kg |
Success | ||
Post mission PSLV fourth stage (PS4) was lowered to 350 km altitude and carried Ionization Density and Electric field Analyzer (IDEA) payload by Space Physics Laboratory to measure electron density and electric field measurements in the F region of the ionosphere[153][154][155][156][157][158] | ||||||||
C39 | 31 August 2017 13:30[159][160][161] |
PSLV-XL | Second | IRNSS-1H | 1425 kg | Failure | ||
Payload fairing (heat shield) failed to separate, causing the satellite to remain inside the fairing with the payload dispenser detaching the satellite internally. Second PSLV failure in 24 years, the first one being PSLV-D1.[162][163][164][165] | ||||||||
2018edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C40 | 12 January 2018 03:59 |
PSLV-XL | First | Cartosat-2F[166] MICROSAT-TD INS-1C[167] LEO-1[168] Carbonite-2 aka (VividX2) ICEYE X1 Landmapper-BC3 Arkyd 6A CICERO-7 4 x Doves Flock-3p'[169] 4 x Lemur-2[170] PicSat SIGMA (KHUSAT-03)[171] CANYVAL-X (Tom and Jerry) CNUSail 1 KAUSAT 5 STEP Cube Lab MicroMAS-2 Fox-1D 4 x SpaceBEE[172] Tyvak-61C (GeoStare)[173] DemoSat-2 |
710 kg ~120 kg 11 kg 168 kg 100 kg ?? kg 10 kg 10 kg 10 kg 4 x ?? kg 4 x ?? kg 3.5 kg 3.8 kg 4 kg 4 kg 3.2 kg 1 kg 3.8 kg 1.5 kg 1.27 kg 4 kg ? kg |
Success | ||
[174][175][176][177][178][179][180] | ||||||||
C41 | 11 April 2018 22:34 |
PSLV-XL | First | IRNSS-1I | ~1425 kg | sub GTO | Success | |
[181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188] | ||||||||
C42 | 16 September 2018 16:38 |
PSLV-CA | First | NovaSAR-S (445 kg) SSTL S1-4 (444 kg) |
889 kg | Low Earth | SSTL | Success |
[189][190][191][192][193][194] | ||||||||
C43 | 29 November 2018 04:28 |
PSLV-CA | First | HySIS[195] Doves × 16 (Flock 3r) Global-1 Lemur-2 × 4 HSAT-1 CICERO-8 Hiber-1 FACSAT-1 Innosat-2 Centauri-1 CASE Reaktor Hello World ³Cat-1 |
380 kg 16 x ?? kg 55 kg 4 x ?? kg 13 kg 10 kg ?? kg ?? kg 4 kg ?? ?? ?? 1.2 kg Total=641.5 kg |
Low Earth | Success | |
[196][197][198][199][200][201][202][203][204][205] | ||||||||
2019edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C44 | 25 January 2019 18:07 |
PSLV-DL | First | Microsat-R Kalamsat V2 (attached to PS4) |
740 kg 1.2 kg |
Low Earth | DRDO Space Kidz |
Success |
First flight of PSLV-DL variant. Propellant tank on fourth stage (PS4) made out of Aluminum alloy instead of Ti-6Al-4V.[206][207][208][209][210][211][212][213] | ||||||||
C45 | 1 April 2019 03:57 |
PSLV-QL | Second | EMISAT Doves × 20 (Flock 4a) Lemur-2 × 4 M6P BlueWalker1 Aistechsat-3 Astrocast-2 ExseedSat-2 (attached to PS4) ARIS 101F (attached to PS4)[214] ISRO AIS payload (attached to PS4) |
436 kg 5.7 kg each 5.2 kg each 6.8 kg 10 kg 2.3 kg 3.8 kg ? kg 10 kg ? kg |
Low Earth | DRDO | Success |
Flight C45. EMISAT (436 kg) and rideshares (220 kg)[215][216][217][218][219][220][221][222][223] | ||||||||
C46 | 22 May 2019 00:00 |
PSLV-CA | First | RISAT-2B | 615 kg | Low Earth | Success | |
Flight C46. RISAT-2B [224][225][226][227][228][229][230] | ||||||||
C47 | 27 November 2019 03:58 |
PSLV-XL | Second | Cartosat-3 Meshbed[231] SuperDoves × 12 (Flock 4p) |
1,625 kg 4.5 kg ? kg |
Low Earth | Success | |
Semi-Conductor Laboratory fabricated Vikram 1601 processor used for first time in navigation computer of launch vehicle[232] after being test flown in redundant configuration[233] on PSLV C46 mission.[234][235][236] | ||||||||
C48 | 11 December 2019 09:55 |
PSLV-QL | First | RISAT-2BR1 QPS SAR-1 "Izanagi"「イザナギ」[237] Lemur-2 × 4 [238] Duchifat-3 [239] 1HOPSAT[240] Tyvak-0129 [240][241] Tyvak-0092 (COMMTRAIL/NANOVA)[242][240][243] |
628 kg ~100 kg ? kg 2.3 kg 22 kg 11 kg 5 kg |
Low Earth | Success | |
Flight C48 - 50th Flight of PSLV.[224][226][244][245][246] | ||||||||
2020edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C49 | 7 November 2020 09:42 |
PSLV-DL | First | EOS-01 (formerly RISAT-2BR2) Lemur-2 × 4 KSM-1A, 1B, 1C, 1D R2 |
630 kg [247] ? ? ? |
Low Earth | Success | |
Second flight of PSLV-DL variant.[224][225][226][248][249][250][251][252][253] | ||||||||
C50 | 17 December 2020 10:11 |
PSLV-XL | Second | GSAT-12R (CMS-1) | 1425 kg[254] | sub GTO | ISRO | Success |
[255][256][257][258][259] | ||||||||
2021edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C51 | 28 February 2021 04:54 |
PSLV-DL | First | Amazônia-1 Satish Dhawan Sat SpaceBEE (×12) SAI-1 Nanoconnect-2 SindhuNetra UNITYSats (x3) |
637 kg 1.9 kg ~4 kg x 12 N/A 10 kg N/A |
Low Earth | Success | |
Flight C51.[260][261][262][263][264][265][36] | ||||||||
2022edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C52 | 14 Feb 2022 00:29 |
PSLV-XL | First | EOS-4/RISAT-1A INSPIRESat-1 INS-2TD |
1710 kg 8.7 kg 17.5 kg |
Low Earth | ISRO | Success |
Flight C52, RISAT-1A satellite for Earth observation[226][266][267][268][269][270] | ||||||||
C53 | 30 June 2022 12:32[271] |
PSLV-CA | Second | DS-EO NeuSAR SCOOB-I 6 × payloads on POEM-1 |
365 kg 155 kg 2.8 kg |
Low Earth | DSTA | Success |
Primary payload is DS-EO electro-optical satellite by Defence Science and Technology Agency with two other small satellites from Singapore to low Earth equatorial orbit.[272] It also carries the PSLV Orbital Experimental Module (POEM) that is attached to upper stage to carry in-orbit experiments and carries 6 hosted payloads. | ||||||||
C54 | 26 November 2022 06:26[273][274] |
PSLV-XL | First | Oceansat-3/EOS-6 4× Astrocast-2 BhutanSat (aka INS-2B) Pixxel TD-1 Anand Thybolt 1 & Thybolt 2 |
1117 kg 17.92 kg 18.28 kg 16.51 kg 1.45 kg |
Low Earth | ISRO | Success |
Flight C54.[275][266][276][277] | ||||||||
2023edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C55 | 22 April 2023 08:50[278][279] |
PSLV-CA | First | TeLEOS-2 Lumelite-4 7 × payloads on POEM-2 |
741 kg 16 kg |
Low Earth | DSTA | Success |
Flight C55, commercial launch by NSIL. First launch operation of a rocket partially assembled at PSLV Integration Facility (PIF)[280] First flight of PSLV-CA without Aerodynamic Stabiliser (AST) modules.[281][282] | ||||||||
C56 | 30 July 2023 01:01[283][284] |
PSLV-CA | First | DS-SAR Arcade Velox-AM ORB-12 STRIDER Galassia-2 SCOOB-II NuLIon |
360 kg 50 kg |
Low Earth | DSTA | Success |
Flight C56.[285][286] | ||||||||
C57 | 2 September 2023 06:20[287] |
PSLV-XL | Second | Aditya-L1 | 1480.7 kg |
Halo orbit | ISRO | Success |
Flight C57, solar coronal observation mission[288][289] | ||||||||
2024edit | ||||||||
Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | User | Launch Outcome |
C58 | 1 January 2024 03:40[290][291] |
PSLV-DL | First | XPoSat 10 × payloads on POEM-3 |
741 kg 16 kg |
Low Earth | ISRO | Success |
Flight C58.[292][293][294][295] |
Future launches
editDate / time (UTC) | Flight | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Orbit | User |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 December 2024 (planned)[296] | C59 | PSLV-XL | SLP | PROBA-3 Occulter and Coronagraph | Highly elliptical | European Space Agency |
Proba-3 is a dual probe technology demonstration mission by the ESA for solar coronagraphy. | ||||||
[297] 20 December (planned) | C60 | PSLV-CA | FLP | SPADEX Chaser SPADEX Target |
Low Earth | ISRO |
[298][299][300] | ||||||
December 2024 | N1 | PSLV-XL | TBD | TDS-01 | GTO | ISRO |
Technology Demonstrator Satellite 01 mission. First fully privately built PSLV.[298][301][302] | ||||||
2025 | C61 | PSLV-XL | TBD | RISAT-1B (EOS-09) SCOT CGUSAT LEAP-1 Munal-1 Phoenix Sowa-1 [303] |
Low Earth | ISRO |
Flight C60, follow on to RISAT-1A. | ||||||
2025 | C62 | PSLV-XL | TBD | Cartosat-3A (EOS-10) | Low Earth | ISRO |
Flight C61.[298] | ||||||
2025[285] | C63 | PSLV-XL | FLP | ANVESHA | Low Earth | DRDO |
Flight C63.[298] | ||||||
2025 | N2 | PSLV | TBD | NSIL Payload | ISRO | |
Second fully privately built PSLV.[298] | ||||||
2026[304] | C? | PSLV | TBD | TRISHNA | SSO | ISRO, CNES |
The Trishna mission is designed to observe Earth's surface in the thermal infrared domain.[305] |
Gallery
edit-
PSLV - C54 Liffed off from Satish Dhawan Space Center's , First Launch Pad.
-
PSLV C53 Clears Second Launch Pad of Satish Dhawan Space Centre , Shriharikota
-
PSLV C52 lifting off from First Launch Pad
-
PSLV-C49 lift off
-
PSLV C45 ignition
-
Top view of PSLV C45
-
PSLV C48 RISAT-2BR1 lift-off from First Launch Pad
-
PSLV C11 lift off
-
PSLV C44 lift off
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1.2714 kg (all four satellites), (individually: 0.2835, 0.2977, 0.3131, 0.3771 kg)
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@6m35s
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{{cite web}}
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