An endangered language is a language that is at risk of falling out of use, generally because it has few surviving speakers. If it loses all of its native speakers, it becomes a dead language. A language may be endangered in one area but show signs of revitalisation in another, as with the Irish language.
| Language Endangerment Status | |
|---|---|
| Extinct (EX) | |
| |
| Endangered | |
| Safe | |
| |
Other categories | |
Related topics | |
 UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger categories | |
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization defines five levels of language endangerment between "safe" (not endangered) and "extinct":[1]
- Vulnerable - "most children speak the language, but it may be restricted to certain domains (e.g., home)"
- Definitely endangered - "children no longer learn the language as mother tongue in the home"
- Severely endangered - "language is spoken by grandparents and older generations; while the parent generation may understand it, they do not speak it to children or among themselves"
- Critically endangered - "the youngest speakers are grandparents and older, and they speak the language partially and infrequently"
- Extinct - "there are no speakers left; included in the Atlas if presumably extinct since the 1950s"
The list below includes the findings from the third edition of Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010; formerly the Red Book of Endangered Languages), as well as the online edition of the aforementioned publication, both published by UNESCO.[2]
Afghanistan
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ashkun language | Definitely endangered[1] | ask | |
| Brahui language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Pakistan | brh |
| Central Asian Arabic language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Uzbekistan, Tajikistan | abh, auz |
| Gambiri language (Tregami language) |
Severely endangered[1] | trm | |
| Gawar-Bati language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Pakistan | gwt |
| Kati language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Pakistan | bsh, xvi |
| Moghol language | Critically endangered[1] | mhj | |
| Munji language | Severely endangered[1] | mnj | |
| Ningalami language | Severely endangered[1] | nli | |
| Ormuri language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Pakistan | oru |
| Parachi language | Definitely endangered[1] | prc | |
| Parya language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Uzbekistan, Tajikistan | paq |
| Pashayi language | Vulnerable[1] | aee, glh, psh, psi | |
| Prasun language Wasi-wari language |
Definitely endangered[1] | prn | |
| Rushani language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Tajikistan | sgh |
| Sanglechi language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Tajikistan | sgl |
| Savi language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Pakistan | sdg |
| Shughni language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Tajikistan | sgh |
| Shumashti language | Severely endangered[1] | sts | |
| Tirahi language | Critically endangered[1] | tra | |
| Waigali language | Definitely endangered[1] | wbk | |
| Wakhi language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Pakistan, Tajikistan | wbl |
| Wotapuri-Katarqalai language | Definitely endangered[1] | wsv |
Armenia
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Assyrian Neo-Aramaic language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey | aii |
| Pontic Greek language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Georgia, Greece, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine | pnt |
Azerbaijan
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Budukh language | Severely endangered[1] | bdk | |
| Juhuri language Judeo-Tat language |
Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | jdt |
| Khinalug language | Severely endangered[1] | kjj | |
| Kryz language | Severely endangered[1] | kry | |
| Lezgian language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | lez |
| Rutul language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | rut |
| Talysh language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Iran | tly |
| Tat language | Severely endangered[1] | ttt | |
| Tsakhur language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | tkr |
| Udi language | Severely endangered[1] | udi |
Bangladesh
editBhutan
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Black Mountain Monpa language | Definitely endangered[1] | ole | |
| Brokkat language | Definitely endangered[1] | bro | |
| Brokpa language | Definitely endangered[1] | sgt | |
| Bumthang language | Vulnerable[1] | kjz | |
| Chali language | Definitely endangered[1] | tgf | |
| Chocangaca language | Definitely endangered[1] | cgk | |
| Dakpa language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: India | dka |
| Dzala language | Vulnerable[1] | dzl | |
| Dzongkha language | Vulnerable[1] | dzo | |
| Gongduk language | Vulnerable[1] | goe | |
| Kheng language | Vulnerable[1] | xkf | |
| Kurtöp language | Vulnerable[1] | xkz | |
| Lakha language | Definitely endangered[1] | lkh | |
| Lepcha language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: India, Nepal | lep |
| Lhokpu language | Definitely endangered[1] | lhp | |
| Nupbikha language | Vulnerable[1] | npb | |
| Nyenkha language | Vulnerable[1] | neh | |
| Tawang language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: China, India | twm |
| Tshangla language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: China, India | tsj |
Burma (Myanmar)
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Akeu language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos, Thailand | aeu |
| Amok language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Laos, Thailand | mqt |
| Angku language | Critically endangered[1] | ||
| Anung language | Severely endangered[1] | nun | |
| Bisu language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | bzi |
| Chothe language | Definitely endangered[1] | nct | |
| Danaw language | Critically endangered[1] | dnu | |
| Ganan language | Severely endangered[1] | zkn | |
| Kadu language | Severely endangered[1] | kdv | |
| Laomian language | Definitely endangered[1] | lwm | |
| Moklen language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | mwt |
| Mon language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | mnw |
| Mru language | Severely endangered[1] | mro | |
| Palaung language | Severely endangered[1] | pce | |
| Pale language | Severely endangered[1] | pce | |
| Riang language | Critically endangered[1] | ril | |
| Rumai language | Severely endangered[1] | rbb | |
| Sak language | Vulnerable[1] | ckh | |
| Tailoi language | Critically endangered[1] | tlq | |
| Taruang language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: China, India | mhu |
| Wa language | Severely endangered[1] | prk or wbm |
Cambodia
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brao language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos, Vietnam | brb |
| Chong language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | cog |
| Kaco' language | Definitely endangered[1] | xkk | |
| Kasong language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | has no iso code |
| Kraol language | Critically endangered[1] | rka | |
| Kravet language | Critically endangered[1] | krv | |
| Krueng language | Severely endangered[1] | krr | |
| Kuay language | Severely endangered[1] | kdt | |
| Pear language | Severely endangered[1] | pcb | |
| Phnong language | Severely endangered[1] | cmo | |
| Sa'och language | Critically endangered[1] | Also known as: Chung Also spoken in: Thailand |
scq |
| Somray language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | smu |
| Samre language | Critically endangered[1] | sxm | |
| Song language | Critically endangered[1] | ||
| Stieng language | Severely endangered[1] | sti or stt | |
| Tampuan language | Severely endangered[1] | tpu | |
| Western Cham language | Vulnerable[1] | cja |
China
edit(Note: Taiwan area is not included in the list above. Related information is in section Taiwan.)
Cyprus
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cypriot Arabic language | Severely endangered[1] | acy |
East Timor
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adabe language | Vulnerable[1] | adb | |
| Habu language | Vulnerable[1] | hbu | |
| Kairui-Midiki language | Vulnerable[1] | krd | |
| Maku'a language | Critically endangered[1] | lva | |
| Naueti language | Vulnerable[1] | nxa | |
| Waima'a language | Definitely endangered[1] | wmh |
Georgia
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abkhaz language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Russia, Turkey | abk |
| Bats language | Severely endangered[1] | bbl | |
| Bohtan Neo-Aramaic language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | bhn |
| Homshetsma language Homshetsi dialect |
Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | hye (?) |
| Laz language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Turkey | lzz |
| Mingrelian language | Definitely endangered[1] | xmf | |
| Ossetian language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | oss |
| Pontic Greek language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Armenia, Greece, Russia, Turkey, Ukraine | pnt |
| Svan language | Definitely endangered[1] | sva | |
| Udi language | Severely endangered[1] | udi | |
| Urum language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia, Ukraine | uum |
India
editIndonesia
editIran
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ashtiani language | Definitely endangered[1] | atn | |
| Assyrian Neo-Aramaic language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Armenia, Iraq, Syria, Turkey | aii, cld |
| Bashkardi language | Definitely endangered[1] | bsg | |
| Dzhidi language | Definitely endangered[1] | jpr | |
| Gazi language | Definitely endangered[1] | gzi | |
| Hawrami language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq | bjm, hac, sdb, sdf |
| Khalaj language | Vulnerable[1] | klj | |
| Khorasani Turkic language | Vulnerable[1] | kmz | |
| Khunsari language | Definitely endangered[1] | kfm | |
| Koroshi language | Critically endangered[1] | ktl | |
| Lari language | Definitely endangered[1] | lrl, fay | |
| Mandaic language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq | mid |
| Natanzi language | Severely endangered[1] | ntz | |
| Nayini language | Severely endangered[1] | nyq | |
| Semnani language | Definitely endangered[1] | lsa, sgr, smy, sqo | |
| Senaya language | Critically endangered[1] | syn | |
| Sivandi language | Definitely endangered[1] | siy, faz | |
| Soi language | Definitely endangered[1] | soi | |
| Talysh language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Azerbaijan | tly |
| Tati language | Definitely endangered[1] | avd, esh, goz, hrz, kgn, okh, rat, rdb, shm, tks, tov, vmh, xkj, xkc, xkp | |
| Vafsi language | Definitely endangered[1] | vaf | |
| Zoroastrian Dari language | Definitely endangered[1] | gbz |
Iraq
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adyge language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Israel, Jordan, Macedonia, Russia, Syria, Turkey | ady |
| Hawrami language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iran | bjm, hac, sdb, sdf |
| Mandaic language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iran | mid |
| Assyrian Neo-Aramaic language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Armenia, Iran, Syria, Turkey | aii, cld |
| Western Armenian language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Lebanon, Syria | hye |
Israel
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adyge language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq, Jordan, Macedonia, Russia, Syria, Turkey | ady |
| Barzani Jewish Neo-Aramaic language | Critically endangered[1] | bjf | |
| Domari language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Palestine, Syria | rmt |
| Hulaula language Hulaulá language |
Severely endangered[1] | huy | |
| Judeo-Berber language | Severely endangered[1] | jbe | |
| Judezmo language | Severely endangered[1] | lad | |
| Juhuri language | Definitely endangered[1] | jdt | |
| Lishan Didan language | Severely endangered[1] | trg | |
| Lishana Deni language | Severely endangered[1] | lsd | |
| Lishanid Noshan language | Severely endangered[1] | aij | |
| Moroccan Judeo-Arabic language | Definitely endangered[1] | aju | |
| Judeo-Tunisian Arabic language | Severely endangered[1] | ajt | |
| Yiddish language | Definitely endangered[1] | ydd |
Japan
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ainu language | Critically endangered[1] | ain | |
| Amami language | Definitely endangered[1] | ams, kzg, ryn, tkn | |
| Hachijō language | Definitely endangered[1] | ||
| Kunigami language | Definitely endangered[1] | okn, xug, yox | |
| Miyako language | Definitely endangered[1] | mvi | |
| Okinawan language | Definitely endangered[1] | ryu | |
| Yaeyama language | Severely endangered[1] | rys | |
| Yonaguni language | Severely endangered[1] | yoi |
Jordan
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adyge language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq, Israel, Macedonia, Russia, Syria, Turkey | ady |
| Domari language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Libya, Palestine, Syria | rmt |
Kazakhstan
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dungan language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Kyrgyzstan | dng |
Korea
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jeju language | Critically endangered[1] | jje |
Kyrgyzstan
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dungan language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Kazakhstan | dng |
| Oyrat language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Mongolia | xal |
Laos
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aheu language | Definitely endangered[1] | thm | |
| Akeu language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Burma, Thailand | aeu |
| Amok language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Burma, Thailand | mqt |
| Arem language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Vietnam | aem |
| Bana language | Severely endangered[1] | phq | |
| Brao language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Cambodia, Vietnam | brb |
| Chatong language | Definitely endangered[1] | ||
| Chepya language | Definitely endangered[1] | ycp | |
| Dakkang language | Definitely endangered[1] | ||
| Hung language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Vietnam | hnu |
| Juk language | Definitely endangered[1] | ||
| Kri language | Severely endangered[1] | aem | |
| Maleng language | Definitely endangered[1] | pkt | |
| May language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Vietnam | scb |
| Mlabri language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | mra |
| Mok language | Definitely endangered[1] | tlq | |
| O’du language | Critically endangered[1] | tyh | |
| Poong language | Definitely endangered[1] | hnu | |
| Phunoi language | Vulnerable[1] | could be multiple languages | pho |
| Phong-Kniang language | Definitely endangered[1] | pnx | |
| Psing language | Definitely endangered[1] | bgk | |
| Ruc language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Vietnam | scb |
| Sach language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Vietnam | scb |
| Saek language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | skb |
| Sila language (Laos) | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Vietnam | slt |
| Tai Daeng language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Vietnam | tyr |
| Tai Neua language | Vulnerable[1] | tdd | |
| Thavung language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Thailand | thm |
| Theen language | Severely endangered[1] | ||
| Triw language | Definitely endangered[1] | kuf? (or Bru related?) | |
| Tum language | Definitely endangered[1] | = Poong |
Lebanon
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Domari language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Libya, Palestine, Syria | rmt |
| Western Armenian language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq, Syria | hye |
Malaysia
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abai Sungai language | Definitely endangered[1] | abf | |
| Batek language | Critically endangered[1] | btq | |
| Cheq Wong language | Definitely endangered[1] | cwg | |
| Duano' language | Critically endangered[1] | dup | |
| Jah Hut language | Severely endangered[1] | jah | |
| Jahai language | Critically endangered[1] | jhi | |
| Kanowit language | Severely endangered[1] | kxn | |
| Kensiw language | Critically endangered[1] | kns | |
| Kintaq language | Critically endangered[1] | knq | |
| Kristang language | Severely endangered[1] | mcm | |
| Lanoh language | Critically endangered[1] | lnh | |
| Mah Meri language | Severely endangered[1] | mhe | |
| Menriq language | Critically endangered[1] | mnq | |
| Jakun language | Definitely endangered[1] | jak | |
| Orang Seletar language | Severely endangered[1] | ors | |
| Punan Batu language | Critically endangered[1] | pnm | |
| Semai language | Severely endangered[1] | sca | |
| Semaq Beri language | Critically endangered[1] | szc | |
| Semelai language | Severely endangered[1] | sza | |
| Sian language | Severely endangered[1] | spg | |
| Temiar language | Definitely endangered[1] | tea | |
| Temuan language | Severely endangered[1] | tmw | |
| Ukit language | umi |
Mongolia
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Buryat language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China | bxm, bxr, bxu |
| Dukha language | Severely endangered[1] | ||
| Evenki language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | evn, orh |
| Khamnigan Mongol language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Russia | |
| Khövsgöl Uryangkhay language | Critically endangered[1] | ||
| Oyrat language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Kyrgyzstan | xal |
| Tuvan language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: China, Russia | tyv |
Nepal
editOman
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bathari language | Critically endangered[1] | bhm | |
| Harsusi language | Definitely endangered[1] | hss | |
| Hobyot language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Yemen | hoh |
| Jibbali language | Severely endangered[1] | shv | |
| Khojki language Luwati language |
Severely endangered[1] | luv | |
| Kumzari language | Severely endangered[1] | zum | |
| Mehri language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Yemen | gdq |
| Zidgali language | Critically endangered[1] |
Pakistan
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Balti language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: India | bft |
| Bashkarik language | Definitely endangered[1] | gwc, xka | |
| Badeshi language | Critically endangered[1] | Only 3 speakers left | bdz |
| Bateri language | Definitely endangered[1] | btv | |
| Bhadravahi language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: India | bhd |
| Brahui language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | brh |
| Burushaski language | Vulnerable[1] | bsk | |
| Chilisso language | Severely endangered[1] | clh | |
| Dameli language | Severely endangered[1] | dml | |
| Domaaki language | Severely endangered[1] | dmk | |
| Gawar-Bati language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | gwt |
| Gowro language | Severely endangered[1] | gwf | |
| Jad language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: India | jda |
| Kalasha language | Severely endangered[1] | Not to be confused with Kalasha-ala language | kls |
| Kalkoti language | Severely endangered[1] | ||
| Kati language Kamkata-viri language, Kata-vari dialect Kamviri dialect |
Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | bsh, xvi |
| Khowar language | Vulnerable[1] | khw | |
| Kundal Shahi language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: India | |
| Maiya language | Vulnerable[1] | mvy | |
| Ormuri language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | oru |
| Phalura language | Definitely endangered[1] | phl | |
| Purik language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: India | prx |
| Savi language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | sdg |
| Spiti language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: India | spt |
| Torwali language | Definitely endangered[1] | trw | |
| Ushojo language | Definitely endangered[1] | ush | |
| Wakhi language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Tajikistan, Afghanistan | wbl |
| Yidgha language | Definitely endangered[1] | ydg | |
| Zangskari language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: India | zau |
Palestine
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Domari language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Syria | rmt |
Philippines
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabat Island Agta language | Critically endangered[1] | dul | |
| Bataan Ayta language | Definitely endangered[1] | ayt | |
| Batak language | Definitely endangered[1] | bya | |
| Camarines Norte Agta language | Severely endangered[1] | abd | |
| Central Cagayan Agta language | Vulnerable[1] | agt | |
| Dupaninan Agta language | Vulnerable[1] | duo | |
| Faire Atta language | Severely endangered[1] | azt | |
| Isarog Agta language | Critically endangered[1] | agk | |
| Mt. Iraya Agta language | Definitely endangered[1] | atl | |
| Northern Alta language | Severely endangered[1] | aqn | |
| Ratagnon language | Severely endangered[1] | btn | |
| Sorsogon Ayta language | Critically endangered[1] | ays |
Russia
editSri Lanka
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vedda language | Definitely endangered[1] | may be extinct | ved |
Syria
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adyge language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Macedonia, Russia, Turkey | ady |
| Domari language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Palestine | rmt |
| Assyrian Neo-Aramaic language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Armenia, Iran, Iraq, Turkey | aii, cld |
| Turoyo language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Turkey | tru |
| Western Armenian language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq, Lebanon | hye |
| Western Neo-Aramaic language | Definitely endangered[1] | amw |
Taiwan
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amis language | Vulnerable[3] | Amis was added to the list as "Vulnerable" in June, 2017 | ami |
| Bunun language | Definitely endangered[1] | bnn | |
| Kanakanavu language | Critically endangered[1] | xnb | |
| Kavalan language | Critically endangered[1] | ckv | |
| Nataoran language | Critically endangered[1] | ais | |
| Paiwan language | Vulnerable[4] | pwn | |
| Pyuma language | Vulnerable[5] | Pyuma was added to the list as "Vulnerable" in June, 2017 | pyu |
| Rukai language | Vulnerable[6] | dru | |
| Saaroa language | Critically endangered[1] | sxr | |
| Saisiyat language | Severely endangered[1] | xsy | |
| Taroko language | Vulnerable[7] | Taroko was added to the list as "Vulnerable" in June, 2017 | trv |
| Tayal language | Vulnerable[8] | Tayal was added to the list as "Vulnerable" in June, 2017 | tay |
| Thao language | Critically endangered[1] | ssf | |
| Tsou language | Vulnerable[9] | Tsou was added to the list as "Vulnerable" in June, 2017 | tsy |
| Yami language | Vulnerable[10] | Yami was added to the list as "Vulnerable" in June, 2017 | tao |
Tajikistan
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bartangi language | Severely endangered[1] | sgh | |
| Central Asian Arabic language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Uzbekistan, Afghanistan | abh, auz |
| Ishkashimi language | Severely endangered[1] | sgl | |
| Parya language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Uzbekistan, Afghanistan | paq |
| Roshorvi language | Severely endangered[1] | sgh | |
| Rushani language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | sgh |
| Sanglechi language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | sgl |
| Shughni language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Afghanistan | sgh |
| Wakhi language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Pakistan, Afghanistan | wbl |
| Yaghnobi language | Definitely endangered[1] | yai | |
| Yazgulami language | Severely endangered[1] | yah |
Thailand
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Akeu language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos, Burma | aeu |
| Amok language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China, Laos, Burma | mqt |
| Bisu language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Burma | bzi |
| Bru language | Definitely endangered[1] | brv | |
| Chong language | Severely endangered[1] | Ethnic remnant in: Cambodia | cog |
| Gong language | Severely endangered[1] | ugo | |
| Kasong language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Cambodia | |
| Kensiw language | Severely endangered[1] | kns | |
| Kuy language | Definitely endangered[1] | nyl ? | |
| Lavua language | Definitely endangered[1] | lcp | |
| Lua language | Definitely endangered[1] | prb | |
| Maniq language | Definitely endangered[1] | tnz | |
| Mlabri language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | mra |
| Mok language | Definitely endangered[1] | mqt | |
| Moklen language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Burma | mwt |
| Mon language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Burma | mnw |
| Mpi language | Definitely endangered[1] | mpz | |
| Nyah Kur language | Definitely endangered[1] | cbn | |
| Pattani Malay language | Vulnerable[1] | mfa | |
| Saek language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | skb |
| Sa'och language | Critically endangered[1] | Also known as: Chung Also spoken in: Cambodia |
scq |
| Somray language | Critically endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Cambodia | smu |
| Thavung language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | thm |
| Urak Lawoi language | Definitely endangered[1] | urk |
Turkey
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abaza language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | abq |
| Abkhaz language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Georgia, Russia | abk |
| Adyghe language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Macedonia, Russia, Syria | ady |
| Chaldean Neo-Aramaic language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Armenia, Iran, Iraq, Syria | aii, cld |
| Gagauz language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Greece, Macedonia | bgx, gag |
| Hértevin language | Critically endangered[1] | hrt | |
| Homshetsma language | Definitely endangered[1] | hye | |
| Judezmo language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Macedonia, Morocco, Romania, Serbia | lad |
| Kabard-Cherkes language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Russia | kbd |
| Laz language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Georgia | lzz |
| Pontic Greek language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Armenia, Georgia, Greece, Russia, Ukraine | pnt |
| Romani language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Albania, Germany, Austria, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, United Kingdom, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Ukraine, Serbia, Montenegro | rmc, rmf, rml, rmn, rmo, rmw, rmy |
| Turoyo language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Syria | tru |
| Western Armenian language | Definitely endangered[1] | hye | |
| Zazaki language | Vulnerable[1] | zza |
Turkmenistan
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trukhmen language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Russia |
Uzbekistan
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bukharic language | Definitely endangered[1] | bhh | |
| Central Asian Arabic language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Tajikistan, Afghanistan | abh, auz |
| Parya language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Tajikistan, Afghanistan | paq |
Vietnam
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arem language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | aem |
| Baheng language | Vulnerable[1] | pha | |
| Brao language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Cambodia, Laos | brb |
| Chrau language | Definitely endangered[1] | crw | |
| Chru language | Vulnerable[1] | cje | |
| Cốông language | Definitely endangered[1] | cnc | |
| Cosung language | Definitely endangered[1] | lkc | |
| Eastern Cham language | Definitely endangered[1] | cjm | |
| En language | Critically endangered[1] | enc | |
| Green Gelao language | Critically endangered[1] | giq | |
| Hung language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | hnu |
| O'du language | Critically endangered[1] | tyh | |
| Kháng language | Severely endangered.[1] Compare to Quang Lam language, Kháng language | kjm | |
| Lachi language | Definitely endangered[1] | lwh | |
| Laghuu language | Definitely endangered[1] | lgh | |
| Laha language | Definitely endangered[1] | lha | |
| Mang language | Definitely endangered[1] | zng | |
| May language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | scb |
| Mo'ang language | Definitely endangered[1] | ||
| Nguon language | Vulnerable[1] | nuo | |
| Nung Ven language | Vulnerable[1] | enc | |
| Phula language | Definitely endangered[1] | ypa, ypg, ypo, yip, ypn, yhl, ypb, phh, ypm, ypp, yph, ypz | |
| Red Gelao language | Critically endangered[1] | gir | |
| Ruc language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | scb |
| Sach language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | scb |
| Sila language (Laos) | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | slt |
| Tai Daeng language | Vulnerable[1] | Also spoken in: Laos | tyr |
| White Gelao language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: China | giw |
Yemen
edit| Language | Status | Comments | ISO 639-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hobyot language | Severely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Oman | hoh |
| Mehri language | Definitely endangered[1] | Also spoken in: Oman | gdq |
| Razihi language | Definitely endangered[1] | ||
| Soqotri language | Severely endangered[1] | sqt |
Notes
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf lg lh li lj lk ll lm ln lo lp lq lr ls lt lu lv lw lx ly lz ma mb mc md me mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm Moseley, Christopher, ed. (2010). Atlas of the World' s Languages in Danger. Memory of Peoples (3rd ed.). Paris: UNESCO Publishing. ISBN 978-92-3-104096-2. Retrieved 2015-04-11.
- ^ "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger". www.unesco.org.
- ^ [1] "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger - Interactive Map." (Amis was added to the list as "Vulnerable" in June, 2017)
- ^ [2] "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger - Interactive Map."
- ^ [3] "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger - Interactive Map." (Pyuma was added to the list as "Vulnerable" in June, 2017)
- ^ [4] "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger - Interactive Map."
- ^ [5] "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger - Interactive Map." (Taroko was added to the list as "Vulnerable" in June, 2017)
- ^ [6] "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger - Interactive Map." (Tayal was added to the list as "Vulnerable" in June, 2017)
- ^ [7] "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger - Interactive Map." (Tsou was added to the list as "Vulnerable" in June, 2017)
- ^ [8] "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger - Interactive Map." (Yami was added to the list as "Vulnerable" in June, 2017)