Mervyn Malcolm Dymally (May 12, 1926 – October 7, 2012) was an American politician from California. He served in the California State Assembly (1963–1966) and the California State Senate (1967–1975) as the 41st lieutenant governor of California (1975–1979) and in the U.S. House of Representatives (1981–1993). Dymally returned to politics a decade later to serve in the California State Assembly (2003–2008).[1]
Mervyn Dymally | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Member of the California State Assembly from the 52nd district | |
| In office December 7, 2002 – December 1, 2008 | |
| Preceded by | Carl Washington |
| Succeeded by | Isadore Hall III |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from California's 31st district | |
| In office January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1993 | |
| Preceded by | Charles H. Wilson |
| Succeeded by | Walter R. Tucker III (redistricted) |
| 41st Lieutenant Governor of California | |
| In office January 6, 1975 – January 8, 1979 | |
| Governor | Jerry Brown |
| Preceded by | John L. Harmer |
| Succeeded by | Mike Curb |
| Member of the California Senate from the 29th district | |
| In office January 2, 1967 – January 6, 1975 | |
| Preceded by | Vernon Sturgeon |
| Succeeded by | Bill Greene |
| Member of the California State Assembly from the 53rd district | |
| In office January 7, 1963 – January 2, 1967 | |
| Preceded by | Montivel Burke |
| Succeeded by | Bill Greene |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Mervyn Malcolm Dymally May 12, 1926 Cedros, Trinidad and Tobago |
| Died | October 7, 2012 (aged 86) Los Angeles, California, U.S. |
| Resting place | Holy Cross Cemetery |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse(s) | Amentha Wilkes Alice Gueno |
| Children | 2 |
| Education | California State University, Los Angeles (BA) California State University, Sacramento (MA) United States International University (PhD) |
Dymally was the first Trinidadian to serve California as state senator and lieutenant governor. He was one of the first persons of Dougla (mixed African and Indian) origin to serve in the U.S. Congress.
In 1974, he and George L. Brown became among the first African Americans elected to statewide state office since Oscar Dunn did so during Reconstruction.[2]
Dymally was the second African-American to hold statewide office in California, following Wilson Riles who served as California Superintendent of Public Instruction starting in 1971.
Early life and education
editBorn in Cedros, Trinidad and Tobago, Dymally first received his secondary education at Naparima College before transferring to Saint Benedict's College, both in San Fernando. He is of Dougla (mixed African and Indian) descent.[3][4]
He moved to the United States to study journalism at Lincoln University in Jefferson City, Missouri. After a semester there, he moved to the greater Los Angeles area to attend Chapman University, and completed a Bachelor of Arts in education at California State University, Los Angeles in 1954.[3] Dymally became a member of Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity in 1949.[5] Dymally became a U.S. citizen in 1957.[6]
In 1969, while serving in the California State Legislature, he earned a master's degree in government from California State University, Sacramento. Dymally earned his doctorate in human behavior from United States International University (later merged into Alliant International University) in San Diego .[3]
Career
edit
In the tightly contested race for lieutenant governor in 1978, Dymally's bid for re-election was derailed when Michael Franchetti, an aide to State Senator George Deukmejian, floated a false rumor that Dymally was about to be indicted. The story, coming days before the election, harmed the Dymally campaign, and Dymally lost to Republican Mike Curb.
Franchetti later said that the source of the rumor was a Los Angeles Times reporter, who called the Justice Department trying to confirm its authenticity. Franchetti could not substantiate the rumor but included it in a report.[7] The report was passed to Curb's office with the rumor part erased, after which it moved to broadcaster Bill Stout who announced it as fact on Los Angeles radio station KNX (AM) and its CBS affiliates. (Stout's wife worked for Curb.)[8] Then-Attorney General Younger filed a letter of reprimand in Franchetti's personnel records, accusing him of a breach of responsibility.[7]
Dymally was an old friend of Peoples Temple founder Jim Jones.[9] When Jones decided to move his congregation to Jonestown, Guyana, Dymally "wrote the Guyanese prime minister to reassure him that Jones was an upstanding citizen."[9] The Jonestown compound would be the site of the mass suicide of over 900 people on November 18, 1978.[9]
In 1983 he joined with seven other Congressional Representatives to sponsor a resolution to impeach Ronald Reagan over his sudden and unexpected invasion of Grenada.[10]
In the 1990s, Dymally served as a paid lobbyist for the country of Mauritania, attempting to present the country as engaged in abolishing every remnant of slavery.[11]
Dymally came out of retirement and returned to the California State Assembly in 2002 when Assemblyman Carl Washington was term limited. He served for six years and then ran for the State Senate in 2008. However, he was defeated in the Democratic primary for State Senate election by Rod Wright. He died in Los Angeles and is buried at Holy Cross Cemetery in Culver City.[12][13]
Mervyn M Dymally Senior High School at 88th street and San Pedro in South Central Los Angeles, part of the Los Angeles Unified School District is named in his honor.
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ Mervyn Dymally profile, JoinCalifornia.com; accessed September 23, 2021.
- ^ "George L. Brown, 79; First Black to Hold Statewide Office in U.S." Los Angeles Times. 2006-04-05. Retrieved 2008-09-15.
- ^ a b c "Black Americans in Congress: Mervyn Malcolm Dymally". Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives. Archived from the original on 2012-12-11. Retrieved 2012-10-08.
- ^ Carr, Elston L. (1997), Oral History Interview with Mervyn M. Dymally, Volume 1, California State Archives, Office of the Secretary of State, Sacramento, p. 7, retrieved July 5, 2020
- ^ "A Brief History..." The Upsilon of Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Incorporated. Retrieved 2012-10-08.
- ^ Merl, Jean (2012-10-08). "Mervyn M. Dymally dies; former California congressman was 86". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2020-06-26.
- ^ a b Stewart, Jocelyn Y. (February 22, 2007) "Obituaries: Michael Franchetti, 64; financial advisor to former Gov. Deukmejian", Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 12, 2009.
- ^ Carr, Elston L. (1997). "Oral History Interview with Mervyn M. Dymally". California State Archives. State Government Oral History Program, Volume 1.
- ^ a b c Flynn, Daniel (2011-11-17) The Original Kool-Aid Drinkers, The American Conservative. Accessed September 5, 2022.
- ^ John Nichols (2016). "The Genius of Impeachment: The Founders' Cure for Royalism". The New Press. ISBN 9781595587350. Retrieved 2021-01-23.
- ^ Elinor Burkett, "'God Created Me To Be a Slave,'" The New York Times Magazine, October 12, 1997, pg. 58.
- ^ "Obituary". Archived from the original on 2012-12-11. Retrieved 2012-10-08.
- ^ Yardley, William (October 9, 2012). "Mervyn M. Dymally, Who Broke Racial Barriers in California, Dies at 86". The New York Times.
External links
edit- United States Congress. "Mervyn Dymally (id: D000592)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- Voting record from the Washington Post
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Join California Mervyn M. Dymally
- Mervyn Dymally at Find a Grave