Old Italic is a Unicode block containing a unified repertoire of several Old Italic scripts used in various parts of Italy starting about 700 BCE, including the Etruscan alphabet and others that were derived from it (or cognate with it). All those languages went extinct by about the 1st century BCE; except Latin, which however evolved its own Latin alphabet that is covered by other Unicode blocks.
| Old Italic | |
|---|---|
| Range | U+10300..U+1032F (48 code points) |
| Plane | SMP |
| Scripts | Old Italic |
| Major alphabets | Etruscan Faliscan Oscan Umbrian South Picene |
| Assigned | 39 code points |
| Unused | 9 reserved code points |
| Unicode version history | |
| 3.1 (2001) | 35 (+35) |
| 7.0 (2014) | 36 (+1) |
| 10.0 (2017) | 39 (+3) |
| Unicode documentation | |
| Code chart ∣ Web page | |
| Note: [1][2] | |
Unification
editFor each script, each code point denotes zero or more symbols that are believed to be equivalent in that script, even if they had very different shapes. For example, in the Archaic Etruscan alphabet (used from the 7th to 5th century BCE) one letter, apparently derived from the Western Ancient Greek letter theta, could be written as a circle with an inscribed "X", or just as a circle. Those two symbols were mapped to the same code point U+10308, "OLD ITALIC LETTER THE" = "𐌈".
Also, two symbols in different scripts were mapped to the same code point if they appeared to have a genetic or phonemic identity, even if their shapes and/or pronunciations were clearly distinct. For example, the Etruscans used a symbol like "C", believed to have evolved from the Ancient Greek letter gamma, for the "k" sound of their language. That symbol was assumed to be the origin of (or cognate with) a symbol of the Oscan alphabet that looked like "<" and had the sound of "g".[3] Those two symbols were therefore mapped to the same code point U+10302, "OLD ITALIC LETTER KE" = "𐌂".
Therefore, the appearance of those code points when displayed or printed—as in the table below—is likely to be incorrect, unless they are rendered with a font specifically designed for the particular language and letter style of the text.
Block
edit| Old Italic[1][2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+1030x | 𐌀 | 𐌁 | 𐌂 | 𐌃 | 𐌄 | 𐌅 | 𐌆 | 𐌇 | 𐌈 | 𐌉 | 𐌊 | 𐌋 | 𐌌 | 𐌍 | 𐌎 | 𐌏 |
| U+1031x | 𐌐 | 𐌑 | 𐌒 | 𐌓 | 𐌔 | 𐌕 | 𐌖 | 𐌗 | 𐌘 | 𐌙 | 𐌚 | 𐌛 | 𐌜 | 𐌝 | 𐌞 | 𐌟 |
| U+1032x | 𐌠 | 𐌡 | 𐌢 | 𐌣 | 𐌭 | 𐌮 | 𐌯 | |||||||||
| Notes | ||||||||||||||||
History
editThe following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Old Italic block:
| Version | Final code points[a] | Count | L2 ID | WG2 ID | Document |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.1 | U+10300..1031E, 10320..10323 | 35 | L2/97-101 | Jenkins, John H. (1997-05-21), Proposal to add Etruscan to ISO/IEC 10646 | |
| L2/97-195 | N1580 | Jenkins, John; Everson, Michael (1997-08-16), Etruscan proposal | |||
| L2/97-288 | N1603 | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (1997-10-24), "8.24.1", Unconfirmed Meeting Minutes, WG 2 Meeting # 33, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, 20 June – 4 July 1997 | |||
| L2/98-286 | N1703 | Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1998-07-02), "8.20.1", Unconfirmed Meeting Minutes, WG 2 Meeting #34, Redmond, WA, USA; 1998-03-16--20 | |||
| L2/00-128 | Bunz, Carl-Martin (2000-03-01), Scripts from the Past in Future Versions of Unicode | ||||
| L2/00-112 | de Judicibus, Dario (2000-03-21), Request of change to the proposal to add Etruscan to Unicode/ISO-IEC 10646 | ||||
| L2/00-133 | Küster, Marc; Dohnicht, Marcus (2000-04-18), Altitalische Sprachen | ||||
| L2/00-140 | Everson, Michael; Jenkins, John; de Judicibus, Dario (2000-04-21), Old Italic 10300--1032F (draft block description) | ||||
| L2/00-246 | Anderson, Deborah (2000-08-01), Feedback on Old Italic (L2/00-140) | ||||
| L2/00-247 | Anderson, Deborah (2000-08-02), Addendum to Old Italic feedback in L2/00-246Old Italic feedback: Addendum (on Umbrian and Etruscan glyphs) | ||||
| L2/00-115R2 | Moore, Lisa (2000-08-08), "Motion 83-M6", Minutes Of UTC Meeting #83 | ||||
| L2/00-309 | Everson, Michael (2000-09-10), Revised glyphs for Old Italic (Irish comments to FCD 10646-2:2000) | ||||
| L2/01-050 | N2253 | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2001-01-21), "8.1 (Comments from Germany section, Etruscan item)", Minutes of the SC2/WG2 meeting in Athens, September 2000 | |||
| 7.0 | U+1031F | 1 | L2/11-116 | Moore, Lisa (2011-05-17), "C.26", UTC #127 / L2 #224 Minutes | |
| L2/11-146R | N4046 | Little, Christopher C. (2011-05-17), Proposal to Encode Additional Old Italic Characters | |||
| N4103 | "11.13 Additions to Old Italic script", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 58, 2012-01-03 | ||||
| L2/12-386 | N4395 | Little, Christopher C. (2012-11-06), Revised Proposal to Encode Additional Old Italic Characters | |||
| 10.0 | U+1032D..1032F | 3 | N4403 (pdf, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2014-01-28), "Resolution M61.12", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 61, Holiday Inn, Vilnius, Lithuania; 2013-06-10/14 | |
| L2/15-181R | N4669R | Everson, Michael (2015-07-28), Proposal for the addition of three Old Italic characters | |||
| L2/15-187 | Moore, Lisa (2015-08-11), "C.4", UTC #144 Minutes | ||||
| L2/15-262 | Disposition of Comments on ISO/IEC CD 10646 (Ed.5), 2015-10-26 | ||||
| N4739 | "M64.05b", Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 64, 2016-08-31 | ||||
| |||||
References
edit- ^ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
- ^ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
- ^ "Oscan". Online article at the Language Gulper website. Accessed on 2019-05-02.