Parathyroid hormone 2 receptor

Parathyroid hormone 2 receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PTH2R gene.

PTH2R
Identifiers
Aliases	PTH2R, PTHR2, parathyroid hormone 2 receptor
External IDs	OMIM: 601469; MGI: 2180917; HomoloGene: 3701; GeneCards: PTH2R; OMA:PTH2R - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human) Band 2q34 Start 208,359,714 bp End 208,854,503 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse) Band 1 C3|1 33.05 cM Start 65,321,215 bp End 65,428,403 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in endothelial cell testicle human kidney secondary oocyte islet of Langerhans Brodmann area 9 prefrontal cortex right frontal lobe Brodmann area 23 middle temporal gyrus Top expressed in medial geniculate nucleus spermatid embryo embryo lumbar spinal ganglion blastocyst medial dorsal nucleus medial ganglionic eminence neural tube lumbar subsegment of spinal cord More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding G protein-coupled receptor activity parathyroid hormone receptor activity transmembrane signaling receptor activity signal transducer activity G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity peptide hormone binding Cellular component integral component of membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane membrane Biological process G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cell surface receptor signaling pathway signal transduction positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 5746 213527 Ensembl ENSG00000144407 ENSMUSG00000025946 UniProt P49190 Q91V95 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001309516 NM_005048 NM_139270 RefSeq (protein) NP_001296445 NP_005039 NP_001358834 NP_001358835 NP_001358836 NP_644676 Location (UCSC) Chr 2: 208.36 – 208.85 Mb Chr 1: 65.32 – 65.43 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family 2. This protein is a receptor for parathyroid hormone (PTH). This receptor is more selective in ligand recognition and has a more specific tissue distribution compared to parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R). It is activated by PTH but not by parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH) and is particularly abundant in the brain and pancreas.

The molecular interaction of the PTH2 receptor with the peptide TIP39 has been characterized in full 3D molecular detail, identifying among other residues Tyr-318 in transmembrane helix 5 as a key residue for high affinity binding.

Mechanism

It is a member of the secretin family of G protein-coupled receptors. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G_s protein, which activates adenylyl cyclase.

See also

• Parathyroid hormone receptor

Further reading

• Usdin TB, Gruber C, Bonner TI (June 1995). "Identification and functional expression of a receptor selectively recognizing parathyroid hormone, the PTH2 receptor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (26): 15455–15458. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.26.15455. PMID 7797535.
• Usdin TB, Modi W, Bonner TI (October 1996). "Assignment of the human PTH2 receptor gene (PTHR2) to chromosome 2q33 by fluorescence in situ hybridization". Genomics. 37 (1): 140–141. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0532. PMID 8921382.
• Clark JA, Bonner TI, Kim AS, Usdin TB (February 1998). "Multiple regions of ligand discrimination revealed by analysis of chimeric parathyroid hormone 2 (PTH2) and PTH/PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) receptors". Molecular Endocrinology. 12 (2): 193–206. doi:10.1210/mend.12.2.0063. PMID 9482662.
• Hoare SR, Clark JA, Usdin TB (September 2000). "Molecular determinants of tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues (TIP39) selectivity for the parathyroid hormone-2 (PTH2) receptor. N-terminal truncation of TIP39 reverses PTH2 receptor/PTH1 receptor binding selectivity". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (35): 27274–27283. doi:10.1074/jbc.M003910200. PMID 10854439.
• John MR, Arai M, Rubin DA, Jonsson KB, Jüppner H (March 2002). "Identification and characterization of the murine and human gene encoding the tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues". Endocrinology. 143 (3): 1047–1057. doi:10.1210/endo.143.3.8698. PMID 11861531.
• Seeliger S, Hausberg M, Eue I, Usdin T, Rahn KH, Kosch M (June 2003). "The parathyroid hormone-2 receptor is expressed on human leukocytes and down-regulated in hyperparathyroidism". Clinical Nephrology. 59 (6): 429–435. doi:10.5414/CNP59429. PMID 12834174.
• Bisello A, Manen D, Pierroz DD, Usdin TB, Rizzoli R, Ferrari SL (June 2004). "Agonist-specific regulation of parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor type 2 activity: structural and functional analysis of PTH- and tuberoinfundibular peptide (TIP) 39-stimulated desensitization and internalization". Molecular Endocrinology. 18 (6): 1486–1498. doi:10.1210/me.2003-0487. PMID 14988434.
• Mahon MJ, Shimada M (January 2005). "Calmodulin interacts with the cytoplasmic tails of the parathyroid hormone 1 receptor and a sub-set of class b G-protein coupled receptors". FEBS Letters. 579 (3): 803–807. Bibcode:2005FEBSL.579..803M. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2004.12.056. PMID 15670850. S2CID 6471940.
• Weaver RE, Mobarec JC, Wigglesworth MJ, Reynolds CA, Donnelly D (March 2017). "High affinity binding of the peptide agonist TIP-39 to the parathyroid hormone 2 (PTH₂) receptor requires the hydroxyl group of Tyr-318 on transmembrane helix 5". Biochemical Pharmacology. 127: 71–81. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2016.12.013. PMC 5303546. PMID 28012961.

External links

• "Parathyroid Hormone Receptors: PTH2". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2008-12-09.
• Receptor,+Parathyroid+Hormone,+Type+2 at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.