Police of Armenia

Police of Armenia
Հայաստանի ոստիկանություն
Police of Armenia; Հայաստանի ոստիկանություն
	Emblem of the Police of Armenia
Common name	Police of Armenia
Abbreviation	Armenian Police
Agency overview
Formed	2002
Operational structure
Headquarters	130 Nalbandyan St Yerevan
Agency executive	Aram Hovhannisyan, Chief of Police;
Parent agency	Ministry of Internal Affairs of Armenia Government of Armenia
Website
	police.am

The Police of the Republic of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի Հանրապետության ոստիկանություն, romanized: Hayastani Hanrapetut’yan vostikanut’yun) is the national police of Armenia.^[1]^[2]

A 2018 stamp dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the Police of Armenia, featuring its logo to the left

History

Soviet era

The first police service of Armenia was formed in 1918, under the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the First Republic of Armenia. On April 21, 1920, a Militia was formed in Yerevan based on the Soviet model. It was later renamed to the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the Armenian SSR or the NKVD of the Armenian SSR, which was the Armenian subordinate to the NKVD headquarters in Moscow. In 1929, the NKVD of the Armenian SSR was dissolved and was reestablished in July 1934 as a reorganized political department. During World War II, the present-day building of the Armenian Police was built. The Armenian Regiment of Interior Forces of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs was established in 1963, and the Headquarters of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Armenian SSR was founded in 1965.

Modern Armenia

On June 21, 1992, by order of President Levon Ter-Petrosyan, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Armenia was formed from the former Soviet Internal Troops.^[3] The ministry was active until December 2002, when the ministry, along with the Ministry of National Security, was reorganised into a non-ministerial institution, with the Ministry of Internal Affairs becoming the Police of Armenia.^[4] The Armenian Ministry of Justice recommended the re-establishment of the ministry headed by a cabinet member in a three-year strategy of police reforms proposed to the government in 2019.^[5] As part of a major structural reform of the national police service, Prime Minister Nikol Pashinian announced plans to recreate the Interior Ministry.^[6]^[7] A patrol service became active in June 2021.^[8]

On 16 September 2021, the Armenian Government signed a strategic cooperation agreement with Europol.^[9]^[10]

On 25 January 2024, a more complex cooperation agreement with Europol was ratified by the Armenian government. The agreement will facilitate the deployment of a liaison officer from Armenia's Ministry of Internal Affairs to Europol, enhancing operational collaboration and information exchange between Armenia and Europol.^[11] On 2 February 2024, Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs, Police Chief Major General Aram Hovhannisyan held meetings with Europol Executive Director Catherine De Bolle and CEPOL Executive Director Montserrat Marín López. The sides discussed the implementation of the provisions of the agreement signed between the Armenian police and Europol, as well as joining the SIENA system, among other issues of mutual interest.^[12]

Leadership

The activities of the police are directed by the chief of the police, who is appointed by the president of Armenia at the nomination of the prime minister of Armenia.^[1] The chief has one first deputy and several deputies,^[13] appointed by the president upon nomination by the chief.^[1]

The commander of the police troops is appointed by the president and serves as ex officio deputy chief of the police.^[1] Each of the deputy chiefs is assigned a sphere of responsibility by the chief of police, who is also assisted by a group of Advisers.^[1]

List of leaders (since 2003)

Hayk Haroutyunyan (January 2003 – May 29, 2008)
Alik Sargsyan (May 29, 2008 – November 1, 2011)
Vladimir Gasparyan (November 1, 2011 – May 10, 2018)
Valeri Osipyan (May 10, 2018 – September 19, 2019)
Arman Sargsyan (September 19, 2019 – June 8, 2020)
Vahe Ghazaryan (June 8, 2020 – Present)

Central Body and Regional Divisions

The Police are organised into the Central Body, and 11 geographic divisions.^[1] There is one police department for the city of Yerevan, and one for each of the 10 Provinces. The Departments of the Central Body are:^[1]

Headquarters
Combating Organized Crime Main Department
Criminal Investigations Main Department
Investigative Main Department
Public Order Department
Personnel Department
Information Centre
Public Relations and Press Department
Finances and Economic Affairs Department
Administration
Department of Road Inspection
Passports and Visas Department
State Protection Department
Criminal Forensics and Legal Affairs Department
National Central Bureau (NCB) of Interpol

National Central Bureau

The NCB is divided into three divisions:^[13]^[14]

Division for international search and general crime – responsible for conducting criminal investigations of an operational nature, preparing international notice requests and sending them to the General Secretariat for publication, providing liaison and co-ordination activities, maintaining criminal records, implementing criminal investigations concerning the search for wanted persons. The division comprises 6 police officers including a head of division.
Division for the analysis and processing of criminal intelligence – division deals with the following areas: legal matters, analysis and processing of criminal intelligence on drug trafficking, fraud, organized crime, terrorism, corruption, counterfeiting, crimes against human beings, international relations support, general reference sources, methodological data, etc. It comprises 6 police officers including a head of division.
Division for telecommunications and technical support – division deals with matters relating to information technology systems, providing telecommunications services and technical support for the NCB. It consists of 7 police officers including a head of division.

Armenian Police Honor Guard.

Public Relations and Press Department

The Committee of Public Relations (part of the Public Relations and Press Department) was founded on 21 March 1994.^[15]

The department also maintains a 42-member Police Band (Հայաստանի ոստիկանության նվագախումբը, Vostikanutyan Nvagaxumb) based in Yerevan which is currently led by Baghdasar Grigoryan. The band was created on 1 August 1972. It performs similar functions to the Band of the Armenian Army General Staff, taking part in the most important events of the police and the state.^[16] In 2019, it performed at the graduation party of Dubai Police Academy.^[17]

Police Troops

The Armenian Police Troops (Armenian: Հայաստանի Հանրապետության ոստիկանության զորքեր) are composed mainly of personnel from the former Police Special Forces (SDFs) and the Rapid Reaction Forces (SDFs), who have actively participated in all combat operations carried out by the former Armenian Internal Troops and the Soviet Internal Troops. On 21 June 1992, the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs were formed by decree of Levon Ter-Petrosyan.^[4] The day of formation of the police troops is celebrated every year, on 21 June. In February 1999, the Deputy Minister of the Interior and Commander of the Internal Troops, Major General Artsrun Makarian, was found shot dead. On 14 December 2004, the Internal Troops were renamed to the Police Troops.^[18] In 2009, there was a transition from conscription to contract service. In 2013 the International Institute for Strategic Studies attributed the force with four paramilitary brigades, 55 AIFV (including 45 BMP-1), 150 wheeled armoured personnel carriers, 100 transportation and cargo trucks.^[19]

The military units of the Internal Troops of the Armenian Ministry of Internal Affairs had a wide range of activities: including the protection of special facilities, maintenance of public order, public security service, preliminary training of conscripts, and training of non-commissioned officers. The Internal Troops had a helicopter (aviation) unit, which, being provided with appropriate helicopters, performed various transportation services during combat operations.^[20]

Wars

It took part in the Four-Day War and the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War. During the latter war, sixty-five policemen were killed and six were considered missing. About 3,000 officers from the police troops went to the battlefront in shifts and took part in battles for Karvachar, Haterk, Jrakan, Berdzor and Shushi-Lisagor road.^[21] In 2018, it was deployed to the Armenia–Azerbaijan border.^[22]^[23] It also took part in the First Nagorno-Karabakh War.^[24]

Special Operations Forces

It has carried out raids in the places of alleged "thieves' gatherings".^[25] It took part in the "Cobalt-2016" joint exercise of special forces units of the CSTO at the Marshal Baghramyan Training Ground of the Ministry of Defense.^[26]

Personnel

Oath

Persons serving in the Police, in front of the state flag of Armenia, in accordance with the procedure established by the Government of Armenia, take an oath with the following content:^[27]

"I (name, patronymic, surname), taking service in the Police of the Republic of Armenia, swear:
To be faithful to the constitutional order of the Republic of Armenia, to be unconditionally governed by laws, to defend my homeland, to keep state and official secrets.
To exercise my powers fairly and impartially, to perform my official duties honestly and conscientiously."

Uniforms

Decrees passed in October 2002 and April 2003 set the rules for police officers' uniforms.^[1]

Weapons

Police personnel are armed primarily with Soviet-made firearms and ammunition, including Makarov PM and Tokarev TT-33 handguns, and AKS, AKM, and AK-74 automatic rifles.^[1]

Police Workers Day

Celebrated on 16 April, Police Workers Day (Armenian: Ոստիկանության օր) in Armenia commemorates personnel of the Police Central Body and the Police Troops. It was first celebrated in 2002 and was introduced year earlier by the National Assembly of Armenia. Traditionally, the President of Armenia and/or the Prime Minister of Armenia receives the salute at a ceremony in the Yerevan police headquarters.^[28]

Ranks

Police ranks are classified into the following groups:^[29]

Higher ranks
- Colonel General of Police
- Lieutenant General of Police
- Major General of Police
Chief ranks
- Police Colonel
Senior ranks
- Police Lieutenant Colonel
Subaltern ranks
- Police Major
- Police Captain
- Senior Police Lieutenant
- Police Lieutenant
Junior ranks
- Senior Police NCO
- Police NCO
- Police Starshina
- Senior Police Sergeant
- Police Sergeant
- Junior Police Sergeant

Education

The Police Academy of Armenia, is the successor to the Secondary School of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, which was founded in 1984. During the Soviet era, the Yerevan Higher School of the Ministry of Internal Affairs operated in the country.^[30]

Equipment

Small arms

Name	Origin	Type
Pistols and submachine guns
MP-443 Grach	Russia	9×19mm
Glock	Austria	9×19mm
M1911	United States	.45 ACP
Makarov	Soviet Union	9×18mm
Tokarev TT-33	Soviet Union	9×19mm
AK-74U	Soviet Union	5.45×39 mm
Assault Rifles
AK-74M	Russia	5.45×39 mm
AK-74	Soviet Union	5.45×39 mm
AKS-74	Soviet Union	5.45×39 mm
AKM	Soviet Union	7.62×39 mm
Sniper rifles
Dragunov SVD	Soviet Union	7.62×54 mm

Vehicles

Name	Origin	Type	Notes
Vehicles and Aircraft
Škoda Octavia	Czech Republic	Patrol Car	The latest models issued to the traffic police also known as Patrol. Slowly replacing Toyota Corolla and Camry models.^[31]
Toyota Corolla	Japan	Patrol Car	Used as primaries.
Toyota Camry	Japan	Patrol Car	Used as secondaries.
Kia Forte / Cadenza	South Korea	Patrol Car	Gifted by South Korea to the Armenian Patrol Sentry Service Regiment.^[32]
Chevrolet Sonic / Aveo	United States	Patrol Car	General Department of State Protection of the Police.^[33]
Hyundai Elantra	South Korea	Patrol Car	Used also by the Military Police.
Lada VAZ	Soviet Union	Patrol Car	Currently being replaced. A few are still in service.
Lada Priora	Russia	Patrol Car	Used in rare situations.
IKCO	Iran	Patrol Car	Used by some units, being replaced widely.
Dodge Charger	Canada	Patrol Car	Tested in 2019. 300 units being delivered. Not seen in the public.
Ford Crown Victoria	Canada	Patrol Car	As of 2020^[update] there are 10 vehicles in service in Yerevan only;^[34]^[35]^[36]^[37] rarely used.
Toyota Prado	Japan	Police SUV	Used as a VIP transport. Old variants used by patrol and special units.
Hyundai Tucson	South Korea	Police SUV
UAZ-469	Soviet Union	Police SUV	Used mostly in rural areas.
Chevrolet Niva	Russia United States	Police SUV	Distributed to different divisions.^[38]
UAZ Patriot	Russia	Police SUV	Used in support roles.
Toyota C-HR	Japan	Police SUV	New in service.
Chevrolet Tahoe	United States	Unmarked Vehicle	Unmarked.
Mercedes-Benz G-Class	Germany	Unmarked Vehicle	Used as VIP transport.
Chevrolet Express	United States	Transportation Vehicle	Unmarked transportation vehicle. Also used as prisoner transport.^[39]
Hyundai Starex	South Korea	Transportation Vehicle	Used by the Armenian Patrol Sentry Service Regiment.
GAZelle	Russia	Transportation Vehicle	Used by specialized units. Some unmarked.^[39]
Toyota Hiace	Japan	Transportation Vehicle	Support roles.^[39]
UAZ-452	Soviet Union	Transportation Vehicle	Mostly used in support roles.
Volkswagen Transporter	Germany	Transportation Vehicle	Limited use.^[39]
PAZ-3205	Soviet Union	Transportation Vehicle	Used for riot roles and transport.
Ural-4320	Soviet Union	Transport / Cargo Truck	Few converted to riot trucks.
KamAZ-43501	Russia	Transport / Cargo Truck	Very limited usage.
CNHTC Riot Control	China	Riot Control Vehicle	Fitted with armored and riot equipment. Used for riot control.^[39]
GMC Grumman	United States	Riot Control Vehicle	Fitted with armored and riot equipment. Used for riot control and prisoner transport.^[39]
GAZ-2975 "Tigr"	Russia	Armored Vehicle	Used by special forces, riot police, and rapid response units.
BTR-80	Soviet Union	Armored Personnel Carrier	Used for riot control and counter-terrorism. Most APCs have their guns replaced with water cannons.
BRDM-2	Soviet Union	Armored Personnel Carrier	Used for riot control. Guns replaced with water cannons.
Mi-8	Soviet Union	Transport Helicopter	Few used by the Armenian Police for transport.^[39]
Eurocopter EC130	France	Transport Helicopter	Few used for transporting and other operations.^[40]
Eurocopter EC635 / EC 135	France	Transport Helicopter	Few used for transporting and other operations.^[41]