The Romagnola is a traditional Italian breed of dual-purpose chicken from the Emilia-Romagna region. It was formerly widespread in central Italy, but in the late twentieth century came close to extinction. In early 2012 the population was recovering and the breed was awaiting official recognition by the Federazione Italiana Associazioni Avicole, the federation of Italian poultry associations.
| Conservation status | Recovering, awaiting recognition |
|---|---|
| Country of origin | Italy |
| Use | dual-purpose breed |
| Traits | |
| Weight |
|
| Skin color | creamy or pale yellow |
| Egg color | white |
| Comb type | single |
| Classification | |
| |
History
editThe Romagnola is a traditional rustic dual-purpose chicken breed. It was once widespread in central Italy, particularly in the provinces of Ravenna, Forlì-Cesena and Bologna in Emilia-Romagna.[1] In the mid-twentieth century, selective breeding by the Stazione Sperimentale di Pollicoltura – or experimental chicken breeding centre – of Rovigo, in the Veneto, and the Ispettorato Provinciale dell'Agricoltura, or provincial inspectorate for agriculture, of Ravenna produced two well-defined colour varieties, a silver and a golden.[2] Subsequently, the Romagnola declined, and was close to extinction when the provincial administration of the Province of Parma and the faculty of veterinary medicine of the University of Parma began a joint recovery programme. A breeders' association, the Associazione Razze e Varietà Autoctone Romagnole, was formed in 2007 and a pilot production programme begun.[1][3] In early 2012, the breed was awaiting recognition by the FIAV.[1]
Breed numbers remain low. A study published in 2007 used a figure of approximately 100 for the total breeding stock, of which approximately 30 were cocks.[4]
Characteristics
editThe colour of the Romagnola is variable; the black-flecked silver and black-flecked golden colour varieties are most often seen. The skin is creamy white or pale yellow. The legs vary from yellow to very dark, which is preferred. The ear-lobes are creamy white, sometimes tinged with blue. The comb is single, with five or more points. Average weight is 2.0–2.5 kg (4.4–5.5 lb) for cocks, 1.9–2.0 kg (4.2–4.4 lb) for hens.[5]
The eggs are white and weigh about 60 g.[6]
Uses
editThe Romagnola is a dual-purpose breed. Hens lay some 150 eggs per year. Young birds are hardy and fast-growing; the meat is well-flavoured.[6]
References
edit- ^ a b c La Gallina Romagnola (in Italian). Federazione Italiana Associazioni Avicole. Accessed January 2012.
- ^ Giancarlo Pozzi (1961). Le razze dei polli (in Italian) Bologna: Edizioni Agricole.
- ^ Pollo romagnolo: opportunità economica e salvaguardia della biodiversità (in Italian). GAL L’Altra Romagna S. Cons. A R.L. Accessed January 2012.
- ^ A. Spalona, H. Ranvig, K. Cywa-Benko, A. Zanon, A. Sabbioni, I. Szalay, J. Benková, J. Baumgartner, T. Szwaczkowski (2007). Population size in conservation of local chicken breeds in chosen European countries – Populationsgrößen in Erhaltungszuchtprogrammen für einheimische Hühnerrassen in ausgewählten Ländern Europas Archiv für Geflügelkunde. 71 (2): 49–55. Stuttgart: Eugen Ulmer. ISSN 0003-9098.
- ^ Atlante delle razze di Polli – Razze italiane: Romagnola (in Italian). Accessed January 2012.
- ^ a b Marino Cortese (1949). Pollicoltura familiare ed industriale. Origine e classificazione dei polli, anatomia e fisiologia, razze, pollaio, alimentazione, incubazione, allevamento, pratiche diverse, prodotti vari e malattie (in Italian). Milano: Ulrico Hoepli.