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Shpola (Ukrainian: Шпола, pronounced [ˈʃpɔlɐ]) is a city located in Zvenyhorodka Raion of Cherkasy Oblast (province) in central Ukraine. In May 2011, a 14-meter monument was installed on the outskirts of the city, claiming that Shpola is the geographical center of Ukraine.[1][2] It hosts the administration of Shpola urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.[3] It had a population of 16,323 (2022 estimate).[4]
Shpola
Шпола | |
|---|---|
 Taras Shevchenko monument | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Shpola Location of Shpola  Shpola Shpola (Ukraine) | |
| Coordinates: 48°59′59″N 31°23′32″E / 48.99972°N 31.39222°E | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast | Cherkasy Oblast |
| Raion | Zvenyhorodka Raion |
| Hromada | Shpola urban hromada |
| First mentioned | 1594 |
| City rights | 1938 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Sergiy Kravchenko (since 2015) |
| Area | |
• Total | 61.29 km2 (23.66 sq mi) |
| Population (2022) | |
• Total | 1,623 |
| Postal code | 20600—20609 |
| Area code | +380 4741 |
Administrative status
editIn 1797, Shpola became part of the Zvenigorod district in the Kiev Governorate. It has been a city since 1938.[5] Until 18 July, 2020, Shpola served as an administrative center of Shpola Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Cherkasy Oblast to four. The area of Shpola Raion was merged into Zvenyhorodka Raion.[6][7]
History
editAfter the revolution of 1917, Shpola became first a part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and then of the USSR.
During World War II, Nazi Germany invaded USSR, and the Jewish population of Shpola was massacred in 1942. Today Jews make up around 0.5% of Shpola's population.
Demographics
editIn 1847, Shpola's Jewish population numbered 1,156. By 1897, that number had grown to 5,388 of a total population of 11,933, or about 45%. This level held steady until the Second World War. In 1989, the population of the city was 22, 378 people.[8][5]
International relations
editShpola is a sister city with Oskaloosa, Iowa.
Notable people
edit- Ivan Kulyk (1897-1937) - Ukrainian poet, short stories writer, and diplomat;
- Lev Shvartzman (1907-1955) -- a senior Soviet secret police officer, known for his brutality;
- Sergiy Rozhitskiy - Colonel of Ukrainian People's Army;
- Sergiy Dobrovolskiy - Lieutenant of Ukrainian People's Army;
- Oleksandr Tkachenko - chairman of Ukrainian parliament;
- Itzik Feffer (1900-1952) - Yiddish poet;
- Reb Aryeh Leib, "der Shpoler zeyde" (Yiddish: "the grandfather of Shpola") (1725-1812) - Hasidic tzaddik.
See also
editGallery
edit-
Abaza Palace -
Khovkivka River near Shpola -
Darivka Park -
Taras Shevchenko statue -
References
edit- ^ ПРОЧЕРК. "«Забили в серце України запорізьку палю», - краєзнавець про знак «географічний центр» — ПРОЧЕРК.інфо". ПРОЧЕРК (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2023-06-28.
- ^ "Geographical Centre of Ukraine". UA.IGotoWorld.com. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
- ^ "Шполянська територіальна громада" (in Ukrainian). decentralization.gov.ua.
- ^ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
- ^ a b Шпола // Большой энциклопедический словарь (в 2-х тт.). / редколл., гл. ред. А. М. Прохоров. том 2. М., «Советская энциклопедия», 1991. стр.668
- ^ "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ". Голос України (in Ukrainian). 2020-07-18. Retrieved 2020-10-03.
- ^ "Нові райони: карти + склад" (in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України.
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность городского населения союзных республик, их территориальных единиц, городских поселений и городских районов по полу
Shpola Room at the Jewish Escape Room in Brooklyn: This link appears current: https://www.everyescaperoom.com/new-york-ny/onebefore-escape-shpola-room This one brings a "404"message:https://OneBeforeEscape.com/shpola Archived 2020-10-01 at the Wayback Machine
- (in Ukrainian) (1972) Історія міст і сіл Української CCP - Черкаська область (History of Towns and Villages of the Ukrainian SSR - Cherkasy Oblast), Kyiv.