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→General elections in South Africa

Dictators (1811–1862)

No.	Portrait	Dictator (Lifespan)	Term of office			Political party		Title
			Took office	Left office	Time in office
A		José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia (1766–1840)	14 May 1811 3 October 1814	20 September 1840 (Died in office)	29 years, 129 days		Independent	Consul of the Republic Perpetual Dictator
B		Carlos Antonio López (1792–1862)	20 September 1840 13 March 1844	10 September 1862 (Died in office)	21 years, 355 days		Independent	Perpetual Dictator President for Life

Presidents (since 1844)

No.	Portrait	President (Lifespan)	Election	Term of office			Political party		Vice president
				Took office	Left office	Time in office
01		Carlos Antonio López (1792–1862)	—	13 March 1844	10 September 1862 (Died in office)	18 years, 181 days		Independent	Mariano González
02		Francisco Solano López (1827–1870)	—	10 September 1862	1 March 1870 (Died in office)	7 years, 172 days		Independent	Domingo Sánchez
03		Cirilo Antonio Rivarola (1832–1878)	— 1870	15 August 1869	18 December 1871 (Resigned)	2 years, 125 days		Independent	Sotero Cayo Miltos Salvador Jovellanos
04		Salvador Jovellanos (1833–1881)	—	18 December 1871	25 November 1874	2 years, 342 days		Independent	Vacant throughout presidency
05		Juan Bautista Gill (1840–1877)	1874	25 November 1874	12 April 1877 (Died in office)	2 years, 138 days		Independent	Higinio Uriarte
06		Higinio Uriarte (1843–1909)	—	12 April 1877	25 November 1878	1 year, 227 days		Independent	Vacant throughout presidency
07		Cándido Bareiro (1834–1880)	1878	25 November 1878	4 September 1880 (Died in office)	1 year, 284 days		Independent	Adolfo Saguier
08		Bernardino Caballero (1839–1912)	— 1882	4 September 1880	25 November 1886	6 years, 82 days		Independent	Position vacant Juan Antonio Jara
09		Patricio Escobar (1843–1912)	1886	25 November 1886	25 November 1890	4 years, 0 days		Independent (until 1887)	José Miranda Roa
								Colorado (from 1887)
10		Juan Gualberto González (1851–1912)	1890	25 November 1890	9 June 1894 (Resigned)	3 years, 196 days		Colorado	Marcos Morínigo
11		Marcos Morínigo (1848–1901)	—	9 June 1894	25 November 1894	169 days		Colorado	Vacant throughout presidency
12		Juan Bautista Egusquiza (1845–1902)	1894	25 November 1894	25 November 1898	4 years, 0 days		Colorado	Facundo Ynsfrán
13		Emilio Aceval (1851–1934)	1898	25 November 1898	9 January 1902 (Resigned)	3 years, 45 days		Colorado	Andrés Carvallo
14		Andrés Carvallo (1862–1934)	—	9 January 1902	25 November 1902	320 days		Colorado	Vacant throughout presidency
15		Juan Antonio Escurra (1859–1929)	1902	25 November 1902	19 December 1904 (Resigned)	2 years, 24 days		Colorado	Manuel Domínguez
16		Juan Bautista Gaona (1845–1932)	—	19 December 1904	9 December 1905 (Resigned)	355 days		Liberal	Vacant throughout presidency
17		Cecilio Báez (1862–1941)	—	9 December 1905	25 November 1906	351 days		Liberal	Vacant throughout presidency
18		Benigno Ferreira (1846–1920)	1906	25 November 1906	4 July 1908 (Resigned)	1 year, 222 days		Liberal	Emiliano González
19		Emiliano González (1861–1941)	—	4 July 1908	25 November 1910	2 years, 144 days		Liberal	Vacant throughout presidency
20		Manuel Gondra (1872–1927)	1910	25 November 1910	17 January 1911 (Resigned)	53 days		Liberal	Juan Bautista Gaona
21		Albino Jara (1877–1912)	—	17 January 1911	5 July 1911 (Resigned)	169 days		Liberal	Vacant throughout presidency
22		Liberato Marcial Rojas (1870–1922)	—	5 July 1911	28 February 1912 (Resigned)	238 days		Liberal	Vacant throughout presidency
23		Pedro Pablo Peña (1864–1943)	—	28 February 1912	22 March 1912 (Resigned)	23 days		Colorado	Vacant throughout presidency
(19)		Emiliano González (1861–1941)	—	22 March 1912	15 August 1912	146 days		Liberal	Vacant throughout presidency
24		Eduardo Schaerer (1873–1941)	1912	15 August 1912	15 August 1916	4 years, 0 days		Liberal	Pedro Bobadilla
25		Manuel Franco (1871–1919)	1916	15 August 1916	5 June 1919 (Died in office)	2 years, 294 days		Liberal	José Pedro Montero
26		José Pedro Montero (1878–1927)	—	5 June 1919	15 August 1920	1 year, 71 days		Liberal	Vacant throughout presidency
(20)		Manuel Gondra (1872–1927)	1920	15 August 1920	7 November 1921 (Resigned)	1 year, 84 days		Liberal	Félix Paiva
27		Eusebio Ayala (1875–1942)	—	7 November 1921	12 April 1923 (Resigned)	1 year, 156 days		Liberal	Vacant throughout presidency
28		Eligio Ayala (1878–1930)	—	12 April 1923	17 March 1924 (Resigned)	340 days		Liberal	Vacant throughout presidency
29		Luis Alberto Riart (1880–1953)	—	17 March 1924	15 August 1924	151 days		Liberal	Vacant throughout presidency
(28)		Eligio Ayala (1878–1930)	1924	15 August 1924	15 August 1928	4 years, 0 days		Liberal	Manuel Burgos
30		José Patricio Guggiari (1884–1957)	1928	15 August 1928	15 August 1932	4 years, 0 days		Liberal	Emiliano González
(27)		Eusebio Ayala (1875–1942)	1932	15 August 1932	17 February 1936 (Resigned)	3 years, 186 days		Liberal	Raúl Casal Ribeiro
31		Rafael Franco (1896–1973)	—	17 February 1936	15 August 1937 (Resigned)	1 year, 179 days		Independent	Vacant throughout presidency
32		Félix Paiva (1877–1965)	—	15 August 1937	15 August 1939	2 years, 0 days		Liberal	Vacant throughout presidency
33		José Félix Estigarribia (1888–1940)	1939	15 August 1939	7 September 1940 (Died in office)	1 year, 23 days		Liberal (until 1940)	Luis Alberto Riart Position abolished
								Independent (from 1940)
34		Higinio Morínigo (1897–1983)	— 1943	7 September 1940	3 June 1948 (Resigned)	7 years, 270 days		Independent	Position abolished
35		Juan Manuel Frutos (1879–1960)	—	3 June 1948	15 August 1948	73 days		Colorado	Position abolished
36		Juan Natalicio González (1897–1966)	1948	15 August 1948	30 January 1949 (Resigned)	168 days		Colorado	Position abolished
37		Raimundo Rolón (1903–1981)	—	30 January 1949	26 February 1949 (Resigned)	27 days		Colorado	Position abolished
38		Felipe Molas López (1901–1954)	— 1949	26 February 1949	11 September 1949 (Resigned)	197 days		Colorado	Position abolished
39		Federico Chaves (1882–1978)	— 1950 1953	11 September 1949	4 May 1954 (Resigned)	4 years, 235 days		Colorado	Position abolished
40		Tomás Romero Pereira (1886–1982)	—	4 May 1954	15 August 1954	103 days		Colorado	Position abolished
41		Alfredo Stroessner (1912–2006)	1954 1958 1963 1968 1973 1978 1983 1988	15 August 1954	3 February 1989 (Resigned)	34 years, 172 days		Colorado	Position abolished
42		Andrés Rodríguez (1923–1997)	1989	3 February 1989	15 August 1993	4 years, 193 days		Colorado	Position abolished
43		Juan Carlos Wasmosy (born 1938)	1993	15 August 1993	15 August 1998	5 years, 0 days		Colorado	Ángel Seifart
44		Raúl Cubas (born 1943)	1998	15 August 1998	28 March 1999 (Resigned)	225 days		Colorado	Luis María Argaña
45		Luis González Macchi (born 1947)	—	28 March 1999	15 August 2003	4 years, 140 days		Colorado	Position vacant Julio César Franco Position vacant
46		Nicanor Duarte (born 1956)	2003	15 August 2003	15 August 2008	5 years, 0 days		Colorado	Luis Castiglioni Francisco Oviedo
47		Fernando Lugo (born 1951)	2008	15 August 2008	22 June 2012 (Resigned)	3 years, 312 days		Christian Democrat	Federico Franco
48		Federico Franco (born 1962)	—	22 June 2012	15 August 2013	1 year, 54 days		Liberal	Óscar Denis
49		Horacio Cartes (born 1956)	2013	15 August 2013	15 August 2018	5 years, 0 days		Colorado	Juan Afara Alicia Pucheta