See also: مضر

Arabic

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Etymology 1

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From a common Semitic source; compare Hebrew מִצְרַיִם (miṣráyim), Ugaritic 𐎎𐎕𐎗𐎎 (mṣrm), and Akkadian 𒈪𒄑𒊑𒄿 (miṣru) or 𒈬𒀫 (muṣru). The ending in Hebrew and Ugaritic is the standard dual form, perhaps related to the ancient conceptualization of Egypt as two realms: Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. Conflated with the root م ص ر (m-ṣ-r) in some senses (see below).

The sense of Cairo stems from the earlier settlement مِصْرُ الفُسْطَاط (miṣru l-fusṭāṭ, the Civil Center of Assembly, literally of the large camel-hair tents, assembly halls) that was incorporated into Cairo.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /misˤr/
  • Audio:(file)

Proper noun

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مِصْر (miṣrf

  1. Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)
  2. (dialectal, Egypt) Cairo (the capital and largest city of Egypt)
Declension
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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From the root م ص ر (m-ṣ-r), whose significations may have been partially influenced by the name of the North African region.

Noun

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مِصْر (miṣrm (plural أَمْصَار (ʔamṣār))

  1. border, boundary, limit, march, neighboring territory
  2. separate area, district, province, city-state
  3. big city, metropolis, capital
  4. garrison town, a military fort, an incorporated area; a colony often to establish regional control, a civilizing or cultural settlement
    1. (in the dual) Kufa and Basra
    2. (in the dual) Fustat and Kairouan
Declension
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Derived terms
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  • مَصَّرَ (maṣṣara, to found (a city), to settle; to urbanize)
  • تَمَصَّرَ (tamaṣṣara, to become a city)

Etymology 3

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From the root م ص ر (m-ṣ-r), with senses relating to Egypt deriving directly from مِصْر (miṣr, Egypt).

Verb

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مَصَّرَ (maṣṣara) II (non-past يُمَصِّرُ (yumaṣṣiru), verbal noun تَمْصِير (tamṣīr))

  1. (transitive) to build or found (a city), to settle or people (a region), to colonize; to civilize
    Synonyms: اِسْتَعْمَرَ (istaʕmara), اِسْتَوْطَنَ (istawṭana)
  2. (transitive) to make Egyptian, to Egyptianize
Conjugation
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Derived terms
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  • تَمْصِير (tamṣīr, settlement, civilization, colonization; Egyptianization)

Etymology 4

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Root
ص ر ر (ṣ r r)
6 terms

Derived from the active participle of أَصَرّ (ʔaṣarr, to persist in).

Adjective

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مُصِرّ (muṣirr) (feminine مُصِرَّة (muṣirra), masculine plural مُصِرُّونَ (muṣirrūna), feminine plural مُصِرَّات (muṣirrāt))

  1. insistent
Declension
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References

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  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “مصر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Egyptian Arabic

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Egyptian Arabic Wikipedia has an article on:
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Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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مصر (maṣr)

  1. Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)

Descendants

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Hijazi Arabic

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مَصُر
 
عَلَم مَصُر

Etymology 1

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From Arabic مِصْر (miṣr).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ma.sˤur/, [ma.sˤʊr], [ma.sˤɯr]

Proper noun

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مَصُر (maṣurf

  1. Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)
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Etymology 2

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Root
ص ر ر
1 term

From Arabic مُصِرّ (muṣirr).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /mu.sˤirr/, [mʊ.sˤɪrr]

Adjective

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مُصِرّ (muṣirr) (feminine مُصِرَّة (muṣirra), common plural مُصِرِّين (muṣirrīn))

  1. persistent
  2. determined, insistent

Moroccan Arabic

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Etymology

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From Arabic مِصْر (miṣr).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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مِصْر (miṣrf

  1. Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)

Derived terms

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Ottoman Turkish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic مِصْر (miṣr).

Proper noun

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مصر (Mısır)

  1. Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Noun

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مصر (mısır)

  1. maize, corn

Descendants

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References

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Pashto

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Etymology

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From Arabic مِصْر (miṣr).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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مصر (misrm

  1. Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)

Persian

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Arabic مِصْر (miṣr).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? misr
Dari reading? misr
Iranian reading? mesr
Tajik reading? misr

Proper noun

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Dari مصر
Iranian Persian
Tajik Миср

مِصْر (mesr)

  1. Egypt (a country in Africa)
    • 1611, ʿAbd al-Sattār ibn Qāsim Lāhōrī, مجالس جهانگیری [Majālis-i Jahāngīrī]:
      این كمترین مریدان حكایتی از جنگ كردن سلطان صالح‌الدین مصر به فرنگیان كه از غرابت خالی نبوده به عرض اقـدس مـیرسانید.
      īn kamtarīn murīdān hikāyatē az jang kardan-i sultān sālah-ad-dīn-i misr ba farangīyān ki az ğurābat xālī na-būda ba arz-i aqdas mē-rasānīd.
      We humblest servants told a story in his imperial presence about the war that Sultan Saladin of Egypt had waged against the Crusaders, which was not devoid of marvels.
  2. (archaic) Cairo (the capital and largest city of Egypt)
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Arabic مُصِرّ (muṣirr).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? mosirr
Dari reading? mosirr
Iranian reading? moserr
Tajik reading? mosirr

Adjective

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مُصِرّ (moserr)

  1. (uncommon, literary) insistent

Punjabi

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic مِصْر (miṣr).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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مِصَر (miṣarf (Gurmukhi spelling ਮਿਸਰ)

  1. Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)

South Levantine Arabic

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Root
م ص ر
3 terms

Etymology

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From Arabic مِصْر (miṣr).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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مصر (maṣrf

  1. Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)
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Urdu

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Urdu Wikipedia has an article on:
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Etymology

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Borrowed from Classical Persian مِصْر (misr), from Arabic مِصْر (miṣr).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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مِصْر (misrf (Hindi spelling मिस्र)

  1. Egypt (a country in North Africa and Western Asia)
    • 2004, مرزا طاہر احمد [Mirza Tahir Ahmad], رَبِّ اِنِّی لِمَا اَنزَلتَ اِلَیَّ مِن خَیر فَقِیر (poetry), quoted in کلامِ طاہر [Kalam-e-Tahir], pages 99-100:
      مصر جانے کو جی مچلتا ہے
      miṣr jāne ko jī macaltā hai
      My heart yearns to go to Egypt
  2. (by extension) cities south of Cairo in Egypt.
  3. (figuratively) Cairo (a city in Egypt).

See also

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Noun

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مِصْر (misrf (Hindi spelling मिस्र)

  1. a city; centre; country
  2. limit, extent (between two items)
  3. sword; blade

Further reading

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  • مصر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • مصر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “مصر”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
  • Platts, John T. (1884) “مصر”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
  • John Shakespear (1834) “مصر”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC