鰈

See also: 鲽

鰈	U+9C08, 鰈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9C08

← 鰇
[U+9C07]

CJK Unified Ideographs

鰉 →
[U+9C09]

Translingual

Han character

鰈 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+9, 20 strokes, cangjie input 弓火心廿木 (NFPTD), four-corner 2439₄, composition ⿰魚枼)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1474, character 24
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46322
Dae Jaweon: page 2006, character 16
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4700, character 2
Unihan data for U+9C08

Chinese

trad.		鰈
simp.		鲽

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (世) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
貰	ɦljebs, hljebs
跇	l̥ʰebs, lebs
迣	*ʔljebs
世	*hljebs
泄	lebs, sled
枻	*lebs
詍	*lebs
靾	*lebs
袣	*lebs
抴	lebs, led
呭	*lebs
勩	lebs, libs
屜	*l̥ʰeːbs
鰈	l̥ʰaːb, l'eːb
渫	zreːb, sled
煠	zreːb, l̥ʰeb, *leb
喋	rlaːb, ʔl'eːb, *l'eːb
鞢	rlaːb, sleːb
殜	l'eb, leb, *lab
葉	hljeb, leb
弽	hljeb, hleːb
韘	hljeb, sleːb
枼	*leb
楪	*leb
揲	leb, l'eːb, *ɦljed
鍱	*leb
偞	leb, hleːb
蝶	l̥ʰeːb, l'eːb
牒	*l'eːb
蹀	*l'eːb
諜	*l'eːb
堞	*l'eːb
牃	*l'eːb
褋	*l'eːb
惵	*l'eːb
碟	*l'eːb
屧	*sleːb
屟	*sleːb
紲	*sled
齛	*sled
疶	*sled
緤	*sled
媟	*sled

Possibly a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰaːb, *l'eːb) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 枼 (OC *leb). Another explanation is that it is an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + semantic 枼 (“flat, wide, thin”). It is possible that the two interpretations influenced each other.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dié (die²)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄝˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dip⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dié
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄝˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dié
  - Wade–Giles: tieh²
  - Yale: dyé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dye
  - Palladius: де (de)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti̯ɛ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: dip⁶
  - Yale: dihp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dip⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: dib⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiːp̚²/

Middle Chinese: thap

Rime
Character	鰈
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	盍 (144)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	吐盍切
Baxter	thap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰɑp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰɑp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɑp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰap̚/
Li Rong	/tʰɑp̚/
Wang Li	/tʰɑp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tʰɑp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ta
Expected Cantonese Reflex	taap³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰaːb/, /*l'eːb/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鰈	鰈
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	11550	11571
Phonetic component	世	世
Rime group	盍	盍
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	榻
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰaːb/	/*l'eːb/
Notes	見爾雅	見爾雅或作鰨

Definitions

鰈

righteye flounder

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

鰈

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

Go-on: じょう (jō)^{←でふ (defu, historical)}、とう (tō)^{←たふ (tafu, historical)}
Kan-on: ちょう (chō)^{←てふ (tefu, historical)}、とう (tō)^{←たふ (tafu, historical)}
Kun: かれい (karei, 鰈)^{←かれひ (karefi, 鰈, historical)}

Compounds

鰈川(かれがわ) (Karegawa)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
鰈
かれい Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

カレイ

Wikipedia ^ja

鰈 (karei): a righteye flounder

/kara eɸi/ → /kareɸi/ → /karewi/ → /karei/

Originally from a shift of 王余魚 (kara-ei) attested in the Honzō Wamyō, itself a compound of 韓 (Kara, “Korea”, euphemism) +‎ 鱝 (ei, “[a kind of] ray”); it is said that the flounder was imported from Korea to Japan in the Samhan period, and was regarded to the Koreans at that time as “beautiful”. From its ray-like appearance, the medieval Japanese had mistaken the flounder for such. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) かれー [káꜜrèè] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [ka̠ɾe̞ː]

Noun

鰈(かれい) • (karei) ^{←かれひ (karefi)^?}

a righteye flounder (flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae)
- 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 8:
  王餘魚朱厓記云：南海有_二王餘魚_一［和名：加良衣比、俗_二云：加禮比_一］昔、越王作_レ鱠不_レ盡餘半棄_レ水因以_二半身_一爲_レ魚、故曰_二王餘魚_一也
  Righteye flounder (literally “king-remaining fish”): according to the Zhūyá chronicle, at the southern sea there exists a righteye flounder (Japanese name kara-ei, commonly said karei); long ago, the king of Yuè had not completely made kuài and discarded half of the remaining into the water; as a result half of his body turned into a fish, hence the name.
- 1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki:
  
  Care^[sic]. Linguado. Vide, Carei.
  
  Carei. Linguado. No Cami ʃe diz Care.
  Kare: flounder, see Karei.
  
  Karei: flounder, read also as Kare above.
(rare, obsolete) Synonym of 舌鮃 (shitabirame): a sole (flatfish of the family Soleidae)

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カレイ.

Derived terms

カレイ科(か) (karei-ka, “Pleuronectidae”)
カレイ目(もく) (karei-moku, “Pleuronectiformes”)
赤(アカ)鰈(ガレイ) (akagarei, “flathead flounder”)
油(アブラ)鰈(ガレイ) (aburagarei, “Kamchatka flounder”)
石(イシ)鰈(ガレイ) (ishigarei, “stone flounder”)
木(こ)の葉(は)鰈(がれい) (konoha-garei)
鮫(サメ)鰈(ガレイ) (samegarei)
縞(しま)鰈(がれい) (shimagarei)
角(ツノ)鰈(ガレイ) (tsunogarei, “Alaska plaice”)
滑(ナメ)多(タ)鰈(ガレイ) (nametagarei, “slime flounder”)
沼(ヌマ)鰈(ガレイ) (numagarei, “starry flounder”)
婆婆(ババ)鰈(ガレイ) (babagarei)
干(ほ)し鰈(がれい) (hoshigarei)
星(ほし)鰈(がれい) (hoshigarei)
真(マ)鰈(ガレイ) (magarei, “yellow striped flounder”)
真子(マコ)鰈(ガレイ) (makogarei, “marbled flounder”)
蒸(む)し鰈(がれい) (mushigarei)
目(メ)板(イタ)鰈(ガレイ) (meitagarei)

Idioms

左鮃右鰈(ひだりひらめみぎかれい) (hidari hirame migi karei)

References

^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

鰈 • (jeop) (hangeul 접, revised jeop, McCune–Reischauer chŏp, Yale cep)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[SMK5-1] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[DJR-3] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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