가늘다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄀᆞ〮ᄂᆞᆯ다〮 (Yale: kónòl-tá).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ka̠nɯɭda̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [가늘다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	ganeulda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	ganeulda
McCune–Reischauer?	kanŭlda
Yale Romanization?	kanulta

Adjective

가늘다 • (ganeulda) (infinitive 가늘어, sequential 가느니)

1. (of something long and thin) to be thin, to be slender

   Antonym: 굵다 (gukda)

2. (of a voice or sound) to be weak, to be soft

   Antonym: 굵다 (gukda)

   가는 목소리 ― ganeun moksori ― soft voice

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 가늘다 (ganeulda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	가늘다 ganeulda	가늘어 ganeureo	가늘어요 ganeureoyo	가늡니다 ganeumnida
	Past	가늘었다 ganeureotda	가늘었어 ganeureosseo	가늘었어요 ganeureosseoyo	가늘었습니다 ganeureotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	가느냐 ganeunya	가늘어 ganeureo	가늘어요 ganeureoyo	가늡니까 ganeumnikka
	Past	가늘었냐 ganeureonnya	가늘었어 ganeureosseo	가늘었어요 ganeureosseoyo	가늘었습니까 ganeureotseumnikka
Assertive		가늘겠다 ganeulgetda	가늘겠어 ganeulgesseo	가늘겠어요 ganeulgesseoyo	가늘겠습니다 ganeulgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		가늘어 ganeureo	가늘어서 ganeureoseo	가느니 ganeuni	가느니까 ganeunikka
Contrast		가늘지만 ganeuljiman	가는데 ganeunde	가늘더니 ganeuldeoni
Conjunction		가늘고 ganeulgo
Condition		가늘면 ganeulmyeon	가늘어야 ganeureoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		가늚 ganeum	가늘기 ganeulgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		가늘었음 ganeureosseum	가늘었기 ganeureotgi
Determiners	Present		가는 ganeun
	Future		가늘 ganeul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	가느시다 ganeusida	가느셔 ganeusyeo	가느세요, 가느셔요 ganeuseyo, ganeusyeoyo	가느십니다 ganeusimnida
	Past	가느셨다 ganeusyeotda	가느셨어 ganeusyeosseo	가느셨어요 ganeusyeosseoyo	가느셨습니다 ganeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	가느시냐 ganeusinya	가느셔 ganeusyeo	가느세요, 가느셔요 ganeuseyo, ganeusyeoyo	가느십니까 ganeusimnikka
	Past	가느셨냐 ganeusyeonnya	가느셨어 ganeusyeosseo	가느셨어요 ganeusyeosseoyo	가느셨습니까 ganeusyeotseumnikka
Assertive		가느시겠다 ganeusigetda	가느시겠어 ganeusigesseo	가느시겠어요 ganeusigesseoyo	가느시겠습니다 ganeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		가느셔 ganeusyeo	가느셔서 ganeusyeoseo	가느시니 ganeusini	가느시니까 ganeusinikka
Contrast		가느시지만 ganeusijiman	가느신데 ganeusinde	가느시더니 ganeusideoni
Conjunction		가느시고 ganeusigo
Condition		가느시면 ganeusimyeon	가느셔야 ganeusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		가느심 ganeusim	가느시기 ganeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		가느셨음 ganeusyeosseum	가느셨기 ganeusyeotgi
Determiners	Present		가느신 ganeusin
	Future		가느실 ganeusil

Derived terms

• 가늘게 먹고 가늘게 살라 (ganeulge meokgo ganeulge salla, “eat thin, live thin”), i.e. avoid excess luxury.
• 가늘게 먹고 가는 똥 싸라 (ganeulge meokgo ganeun ttong ssara, “eat thin, shit thin”), i.e. avoid excess desire.

See also

• 얇다 (yalda)