-ota

Translingual

Etymology 1

From Ancient Greek -ωτά (-ōtá), neuter plural of -ωτός (-ōtós), verbal adjective from the stem of -όω (-óō, denominal verb suffix). Related to translingual -ote.

Suffix

-ota

Used to form names of taxa according to a prominent anatomical feature.

Usage notes

Often equivalent to -ata for Ancient Greek bases.

Etymology 2

Extracted from Prokaryota.

Suffix

-ota

Used to form names of phyla of Prokaryota, as well as Fungi and Virus from the names of type genera

Derived terms

Translingual terms suffixed with -ota

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech -ota, from Proto-Slavic *-ota.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ ota]
Rhymes: -ota

Suffix

-ota f (noun-forming suffix)

noun suffix

Derived terms

Czech terms suffixed with -ota

Esperanto

Suffix

-ota

See -ot-

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *-ot'ak. Roughly equivalent to -o- +‎ -ta.

Suffix

-ota (stem -oa-)

Forms translative verbs.

Usage notes

No longer productive. Only in back-vocalic stems. Replaces the final vowel.

Conjugation

Inflection of -ota (Kotus type 74/katketa, no gradation)

indicative mood

present tense

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

-oan

en -oa

1st sing.

olen -onnut

en ole -onnut

2nd sing.

-oat

et -oa

2nd sing.

olet -onnut

et ole -onnut

3rd sing.

-oaa

ei -oa

3rd sing.

on -onnut

ei ole -onnut

1st plur.

-oamme

emme -oa

1st plur.

olemme -onneet

emme ole -onneet

2nd plur.

-oatte

ette -oa

2nd plur.

olette -onneet

ette ole -onneet

3rd plur.

-oavat

eivät -oa

3rd plur.

ovat -onneet

eivät ole -onneet

passive

-otaan

ei -ota

passive

on -ottu

ei ole -ottu

past tense

pluperfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

-osin

en -onnut

1st sing.

olin -onnut

en ollut -onnut

2nd sing.

-osit

et -onnut

2nd sing.

olit -onnut

et ollut -onnut

3rd sing.

-osi

ei -onnut

3rd sing.

oli -onnut

ei ollut -onnut

1st plur.

-osimme

emme -onneet

1st plur.

olimme -onneet

emme olleet -onneet

2nd plur.

-ositte

ette -onneet

2nd plur.

olitte -onneet

ette olleet -onneet

3rd plur.

-osivat

eivät -onneet

3rd plur.

olivat -onneet

eivät olleet -onneet

passive

-ottiin

ei -ottu

passive

oli -ottu

ei ollut -ottu

conditional mood

present

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

-oaisin
-oisin

en -oaisi
en -oisi

1st sing.

olisin -onnut

en olisi -onnut

2nd sing.

-oaisit
-oisit

et -oaisi
et -oisi

2nd sing.

olisit -onnut

et olisi -onnut

3rd sing.

-oaisi
-oisi

ei -oaisi
ei -oisi

3rd sing.

olisi -onnut

ei olisi -onnut

1st plur.

-oaisimme
-oisimme

emme -oaisi
emme -oisi

1st plur.

olisimme -onneet

emme olisi -onneet

2nd plur.

-oaisitte
-oisitte

ette -oaisi
ette -oisi

2nd plur.

olisitte -onneet

ette olisi -onneet

3rd plur.

-oaisivat
-oisivat

eivät -oaisi
eivät -oisi

3rd plur.

olisivat -onneet

eivät olisi -onneet

passive

-ottaisiin

ei -ottaisi

passive

olisi -ottu

ei olisi -ottu

imperative mood

present

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

—

1st sing.

—

2nd sing.

-oa

älä -oa

2nd sing.

—

3rd sing.

-otkoon

älköön -otko

3rd sing.

olkoon -onnut

älköön olko -onnut

1st plur.

-otkaamme

älkäämme -otko

1st plur.

—

2nd plur.

-otkaa

älkää -otko

2nd plur.

—

3rd plur.

-otkoot

älkööt -otko

3rd plur.

olkoot -onneet

älkööt olko -onneet

passive

-ottakoon

älköön -ottako

passive

olkoon -ottu

älköön olko -ottu

potential mood

present

perfect

person

positive

negative

person

positive

negative

1st sing.

-onnen

en -onne

1st sing.

lienen -onnut

en liene -onnut

2nd sing.

-onnet

et -onne

2nd sing.

lienet -onnut

et liene -onnut

3rd sing.

-onnee

ei -onne

3rd sing.

lienee -onnut

ei liene -onnut

1st plur.

-onnemme

emme -onne

1st plur.

lienemme -onneet

emme liene -onneet

2nd plur.

-onnette

ette -onne

2nd plur.

lienette -onneet

ette liene -onneet

3rd plur.

-onnevat

eivät -onne

3rd plur.

lienevät -onneet

eivät liene -onneet

passive

-ottaneen

ei -ottane

passive

lienee -ottu

ei liene -ottu

Nominal forms

infinitives

participles

active

passive

active

passive

1st

-ota

present

-oava

-ottava

long 1st¹

Possessive forms
Person	sing.	plur.
1st	-otakseni	-otaksemme
2nd	-otaksesi	-otaksenne
3rd	-otakseen -otaksensa

past

-onnut

-ottu

2nd

inessive²

-otessa

-ottaessa

agent⁴

-oama

Possessive forms
Person	sing.	plur.
1st	-otessani	-otessamme
2nd	-otessasi	-otessanne
3rd	-otessaan -otessansa

negative

-oamaton

instructive

-oten

—

¹⁾ Used only with a possessive suffix.

²⁾ Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
³⁾ Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).

⁴⁾ Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.

3rd

inessive

-oamassa

—

elative

-oamasta

—

illative

-oamaan

—

adessive

-oamalla

—

abessive

-oamatta

—

instructive

-oaman

-ottaman

4th³

verbal noun

-oaminen

5th¹

Possessive forms
Person	sing.	plur.
1st	-oamaisillani	-oamaisillamme
2nd	-oamaisillasi	-oamaisillanne
3rd	-oamaisillaan -oamaisillansa

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -ota

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *-ot'ak. Cognates include Finnish -ota.

Most inflected forms are derived through conflation with the unrelated -eta, which also forms inchoative verbs.

Pronunciation

(Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /-otɑ/, [-o̞tɑ]
(Soikkola) IPA^(key): /-otɑ/, [-o̞d̥ɑ]

Suffix

-ota (front vowel variant -ötä)

Used to form inchoative verbs.

Conjugation

Conjugation of -ota (type 15/valeta, no gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	-enen	en -ene	1st singular	oon -ent, oon -ennut	en oo -ent, en oo -ennut
2nd singular	-enet	et -ene	2nd singular	oot -ent, oot -ennut	et oo -ent, et oo -ennut
3rd singular	-enoo	ei -ene	3rd singular	ono -ent, ono -ennut	ei oo -ent, ei oo -ennut
1st plural	-enemma	emmä -ene	1st plural	oomma -enneet	emmä oo -enneet
2nd plural	-enetta	että -ene	2nd plural	ootta -enneet	että oo -enneet
3rd plural	-enoot¹⁾, -enevat²⁾, -otaa	evät -ene, ei -ota	3rd plural	ovat -enneet	evät oo -enneet, ei oo -ottu
impersonal	-otaa	ei -ota	impersonal	ono -ottu	ei oo -ottu
Imperfekta			Pluskvamperfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	-enin	en -ent, en -ennut	1st singular	olin -ent, olin -ennut	en olt -ent, en olt -ennut
2nd singular	-enit	et -ent, et -ennut	2nd singular	olit -ent, olit -ennut	et olt -ent, et olt -ennut
3rd singular	-eni	ei -ent, ei -ennut	3rd singular	oli -ent, oli -ennut	ei olt -ent, ei olt -ennut
1st plural	-enimma	emmä -enneet	1st plural	olimma -enneet	emmä olleet -enneet
2nd plural	-enitta	että -enneet	2nd plural	olitta -enneet	että olleet -enneet
3rd plural	-eniit¹⁾, -enivat²⁾, -ottii	evät -enneet, ei -ottu	3rd plural	olivat -enneet	evät olleet -enneet, ei olt -ottu
impersonal	-ottii	ei -ottu	impersonal	oli -ottu	ei olt -ottu
Konditsionala
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	-enisin	en -enis	1st singular	olisin -ent, olisin -ennut	en olis -ent, en olis -ennut
2nd singular	-enisit, -eniist¹⁾	et -enis	2nd singular	olisit -ent, olisit -ennut	et olis -ent, et olis -ennut
3rd singular	-enis	ei -enis	3rd singular	olis -ent, olis -ennut	ei olis -ent, ei olis -ennut
1st plural	-enisimma	emmä -enis	1st plural	olisimma -enneet	emmä olis -enneet
2nd plural	-enisitta	että -enis	2nd plural	olisitta -enneet	että olis -enneet
3rd plural	-enisiit¹⁾, -enisivat²⁾, -ottais	evät -enis, ei -ottais	3rd plural	olisivat -enneet	evät olis -enneet, ei olis -ottu
impersonal	-ottais	ei -ottais	impersonal	olis -ottu	ei olis -ottu
Imperativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	—	—	1st singular	—	—
2nd singular	-ene	elä -ene	2nd singular	oo -ent, oo -ennut	elä oo -ent, elä oo -ennut
3rd singular	-otkoo	elköö -otko	3rd singular	olkoo -ent, olkoo -ennut	elköö olko -ent, elköö olko -ennut
1st plural	—	—	1st plural	—	—
2nd plural	-otkaa	elkää -otko	2nd plural	olkaa -enneet	elkää olko -enneet
3rd plural	-otkoot	elkööt -otko, elköö -ottako	3rd plural	olkoot -enneet	elkööt olko -enneet, elköö olko -ottu
impersonal	-ottakkoo	elköö -ottako	impersonal	olkoo -ottu	elköö olko -ottu
Potentsiala
Preesens
	positive	negative
1st singular	-enen	en -ene
2nd singular	-enet	et -ene
3rd singular	-enoo	ei -ene
1st plural	-enemma	emmä -ene
2nd plural	-enetta	että -ene
3rd plural	-enoot	evät -ene, ei -ottane
impersonal	-ottannoo	ei -ottane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat			Partisipat
				active	passive
1st		-ota	present	-eneva	-ottava
2nd	inessive	-otees	past	-ent, -ennut	-ottu
2nd	instructive	-oten	¹⁾ Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. ²⁾ Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. ^) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (-otkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. ^) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka^?/-kä^?) to the indicative ^*) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka^?/-kä^?) or -kse* to either the indicative or the potential ^***) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-*, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd	illative	-enommaa
	inessive	-enomas
	elative	-enomast
	abessive	-enomata
4th	nominative	-enomiin
	partitive	-enomista, -enomist

Derived terms

Ingrian terms suffixed with -ota

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ota.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɔ.ta/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -ɔta
Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

Suffix

-ota f

noun suffix, typically abstract concepts
‎ciemny (“dark”) + ‎-ota → ‎ciemnota (“darkness”)

Declension

Declension of -ota

	singular	plural
nominative	-ota	-oty
genitive	-oty	-ot
dative	-ocie	-otom
accusative	-otę	-oty
instrumental	-otą	-otami
locative	-ocie	-otach
vocative	-oto	-oty

Derived terms

Polish terms suffixed with -ota

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ota.

Suffix

-ota f

Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, usually an abstract noun denoting a quality.

Derived terms

Serbo-Croatian terms suffixed with -ota

Spanish

Suffix

-ota f (noun-forming suffix, plural -otas)

female equivalent of -ote

Derived terms

Spanish terms suffixed with -ota

-ota

Translingual

Etymology 1

Suffix

Usage notes

Etymology 2

Suffix

Derived terms

Czech

Etymology

Pronunciation

Suffix

Derived terms

Further reading

Esperanto

Suffix

Finnish

Etymology

Suffix

Usage notes

Conjugation

Derived terms

Ingrian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Suffix

Conjugation

Derived terms

Polish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Suffix

Declension

Derived terms

See also

Further reading

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Suffix

Derived terms

Spanish

Suffix

Derived terms