achar

See also: Achar

English

Alternative forms

• achaar, achara

Etymology

From Hindustani اچار / अचार (acār), from Classical Persian آچار (āčār).

Noun

achar (countable and uncountable, plural achars)

1. (India) A spicy and salty pickle in Indian cuisine.

Anagrams

• Chara, chara

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese achar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin afflāre (“to blow”). Cognate with Portuguese achar, Asturian afayar and Spanish hallar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aˈt͡ʃaɾ/ [aˈt͡ʃaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Hyphenation: a‧char

Verb

achar (first-person singular present acho, first-person singular preterite achei, past participle achado)

1. (transitive, now rare) to find, come upon

   Synonym: atopar

   • 1555, Hernán Nunez, Refranes en Romance:

     Ala me leue Deus, donde ache dos meus

     May God take me to places where I come upon my people

2. (transitive, dated) to find, find out; to think

   Synonyms: coidar, pensar

   • c. 1295, R. Lorenzo, editor, La traducción gallega de la Crónica General y de la Crónica de Castilla, Ourense: I.E.O.P.F, page 806:

     prouarõ tres escaleyras de fuste et acharõnas curtas; et desi atarõnas a hũa cõ a outra et deytarõnas a hũa torre

     they tried three wooden ladders but found them too short; and so they tied them together and leaned them against a tower

Conjugation

    Conjugation of achar

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	achar
Personal	achar	achares	achar	acharmos	achardes	acharen
Gerund
	achando
Past participle
Masculine	achado			achados
Feminine	achada			achadas
Indicative
Present	acho	achas	acha	achamos	achades	achan
Imperfect	achaba	achabas	achaba	achabamos	achabades	achaban
Preterite	achei	achaches	achou	achamos	achastes	acharon
Pluperfect	achara	acharas	achara	acharamos	acharades	acharan
Future	acharei	acharás	achará	acharemos	acharedes	acharán
Conditional	acharía	acharías	acharía	achariamos	achariades	acharían
Subjunctive
Present	ache	aches	ache	achemos	achedes	achen
Imperfect	achase	achases	achase	achásemos	achásedes	achasen
Future	achar	achares	achar	acharmos	achardes	acharen
Imperative
Affirmative		acha	ache	achemos	achade	achen
Negative (non)		non aches	non ache	non achemos	non achedes	non achen

    Reintegrated conjugation of achar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	achar
Personal	achar	achares	achar	acharmos	achardes	acharem
Gerund
	achando
Past participle
Masculine	achado			achados
Feminine	achada			achadas
Indicative
Present	acho	achas	acha	achamos	achades, achais	acham
Imperfect	achava	achavas	achava	achávamos	achávades, acháveis, achávais1	achavam
Preterite	achei	achaste, achache1	achou	achamos	achastes	achárom, acharam
Pluperfect	achara	acharas	achara	acháramos	achárades, acháreis, achárais1	acharam
Future	acharei	acharás	achará	acharemos	acharedes, achareis	acharám, acharão
Conditional	acharia	acharias	acharia	acharíamos	acharíades, acharíeis, acharíais1	achariam
Subjunctive
Present	ache	aches	ache	achemos	achedes, acheis	achem
Imperfect	achasse	achasses	achasse	achássemos	achássedes, achásseis	achassem
Future	achar	achares	achar	acharmos	achardes	acharem
Imperative
Affirmative		acha	ache	achemos	achade, achai	achem
Negative (nom)		nom aches	nom ache	nom achemos	nom achedes, nom acheis	nom achem

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• ao chou

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “achar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “achar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “achar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “achar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “achar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish ochair (“edge”), from Proto-Celtic *okris, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂óḱris (compare Latin ocris (“rugged mountain”), Ancient Greek ὄκρις (ókris, “sharp edge”)), from *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaxəɾˠ/

Noun

achar m (genitive singular achair)

1. distance, extent
   • 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 7:

     ḱē n t-axr̥, ə tā ən drehəd šin æš šo?

     [Cén t-achar atá an droichead sin as seo?]

     How far is that bridge from here?

     (literally, “What distance…”)

2. period of time
   • 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 8:

     ə wakə tū n bĭaiəx ūd lomsə, a çȧn̄ə mē tā axr̥ gȧŕəȷ?

     [An bhfaca tú an beithíoch úd liomsa a cheannaigh mé tá achar gairid?]

     Did you see that cow of mine that I bought a short time ago?

3. (geometry) area

Declension

Declension of achar

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun) Case Singular Nominative achar Vocative a achair Genitive achair Dative achar

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Nominative an t-achar Genitive an achair Dative leis an achar don achar

Derived terms

• Achar an Dá Lá Dhéag (“the Twelve Days of Christmas; Epiphany”)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
achar	n-achar	hachar	t-achar
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “achar”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 3
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “achar”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “achar”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “achar”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
• “achar”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy

Macanese

Etymology

From Malay acar, from Classical Malay اچر (acar), from Classical Persian آچار (āčār, “pickle, marinade”). Compare Indonesian acar. Etymologically unrelated to Portuguese achar or its Macanese descendant achâ.

Noun

achar

1. preserve or pickle, made of spring onions, cabbage, coconut, apple, pear, etc. in vinegar and salt, (formerly) eaten as an appetizer or a street food using toothpicks

   comê achar ― to eat achar

Usage notes

• Not to be confused with achâ or ach'á.
• Different from the Indian pickle achar, as this is not spicy.

References

• https://www.macaneselibrary.org/pub/english/uipatua.htm#achar
• Batalha, Graciete Nogueira (1988) “achar”, in Glossário do dialecto macaense: notas linguísticas, etnográficas e folclóricas [Glossary of the Macanese dialect: linguistic, ethnographic and folkloric notes], Macau: Instituto Cultural de Macau, page 143

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Latin afflāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.ˈt͡ʃaɾ/
• Rhymes: -aɾ

Verb

achar

1. to find

Conjugation

    Conjugation of achar

infinitive		simple		achar
		compound		infinitive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
gerund		simple		achando
		compound		gerund of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
past participle				singular		plural
		masculine		achado		achados
		feminine		achada		achadas
present participle				achante		achantes
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela vossa mercee	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	acho	achas	acha	achamos	achades	achan
	imperfect	achava	achavas	achava	achavamos, achávamos	achavades, achávades	achavan
	preterite	achei	achaste, achasche, achache	achou	achamos	achastes	acharon
	pluperfect	achara	acharas	achara	acharamos, acháramos	acharades, achárades	acharan
	future	acharei	acharás	achará	acharemos	acharedes	acharán
	conditional	acharia	acharias	acharia	achariamos, acharíamos	achariades, acharíades	acharian
compound tenses	present perfect	present of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	present imperfect	imperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	past anterior	preterite of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	pluperfect	simple pluperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	future perfect	future of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
subjunctive mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela vossa mercee	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	ache	aches	ache	achemos	achedes	achen
	preterite	achasse	achasses	achasse	achássemos	achássedes	achassen
	future	achar	achares	achar	acharmos	achardes	acharen
compound tenses	present perfect	present subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	pluperfect	preterite subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	future perfect	future subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
imperative mood		—	tu	vossa mercee	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	—
affirmative		—	acha	ache	achemos	achade	—
negative		—	non aches	non ache	non achemos	non achedes	—
personal infinitive		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela vossa mercee	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
		achar	achares	achar	acharmos	achardes	acharen
1 Its alternative spelling, aver, can be used as well. 2 Teer and ter were used too, though all 3 were less common than forms of "haver".

Descendants

• Galician: achar
• Portuguese: achar (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• Universo Cantigas - "achar"

Old Irish

Adjective

achar

1. Alternative form of aicher

Declension

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	achar	achar	achar
Vocative	achair* achar**
Accusative	achar	achair
Genitive	achair	achrae, achaire	achair
Dative	achur	achair	achur
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	achair	achra
Vocative	achru achra†
Accusative	achru achra†
Genitive	achar
Dative	achraib
Notes	*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
achar (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	n-achar
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /aˈʃa(ʁ)/ [aˈʃa(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /aˈʃa(ʁ)/ [aˈʃa(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /aˈʃa(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /aˈʃa(ʁ)/ [aˈʃa(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /aˈʃa(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐˈʃaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐˈʃaɾ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐˈt͡ʃaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐˈʃa.ɾi/

• (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): [ɐˈt͡ʃaɾ]
• (Rural Central Brazil) IPA^(key): /ɐˈʃa(ɹ)/
• Hyphenation: a‧char

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese achar, from Latin afflāre. Compare Galician achar and Spanish hallar.

Verb

achar (first-person singular present acho, first-person singular preterite achei, past participle achado)

1. (transitive) to find; to encounter (to come across something that was unknown or had been lost)

   Synonym: encontrar

   Preciso de achar as chaves da minha casa.

   I need to find the keys to my house.

   Nenhum dos estudantes achou a resposta correta.

   None of the students found the correct answer.

2. (ditransitive, copulative for the second object) to find; to consider (to have the opinion that a given thing has the given quality)

   Synonym: considerar

   Acho essa casa muito feia.

   I find that house very ugly.

   Acharam o filme interessante.

   They found the film interesting.

3. (ditransitive, copulative for the second object) to find (to come across something in the given state)

   Synonym: encontrar

   Caminhei até a vila e achei-a inundada.

   I walked to the village and found it flooded.

4. (transitive) to think (to have the given opinion) [with que ‘that’]

   Synonyms: pensar que, crer que

   Acho que vocês deviam ir embora.

   I think you all should go away.

   Acho que sim.

   I think so.

5. (transitive) to think (to have an opinion regarding the worth of someone or something) [with de ‘of/about/concerning someone/something’]

   Synonym: pensar

   O que acharam do novo livro?

   What did they think of the new book?

   Me diga o que você acha.

   Let me know what you think.

6. (pronominal, copulative) to be (in the given state or condition)

   Synonyms: estar, encontrar-se

   O livro se acha aberto.

   The book is open.

7. (slang, pronominal) to be arrogant or act arrogantly; to think too highly of oneself

   Aquele otário está se achando com seu carro rebaixado.

   That sucker is being arrogant with his lowrider.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of achar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	achar
Personal	achar	achares	achar	acharmos	achardes	acharem
Gerund
	achando
Past participle
Masculine	achado			achados
Feminine	achada			achadas
Indicative
Present	acho	achas	acha	achamos	achais	acham
Imperfect	achava	achavas	achava	achávamos	acháveis	achavam
Preterite	achei	achaste	achou	achamos1, achámos2	achastes	acharam
Pluperfect	achara	acharas	achara	acháramos	acháreis	acharam
Future	acharei	acharás	achará	acharemos	achareis	acharão
Conditional	acharia	acharias	acharia	acharíamos	acharíeis	achariam
Subjunctive
Present	ache	aches	ache	achemos	acheis	achem
Imperfect	achasse	achasses	achasse	achássemos	achásseis	achassem
Future	achar	achares	achar	acharmos	achardes	acharem
Imperative
Affirmative		acha	ache	achemos	achai	achem
Negative (não)		não aches	não ache	não achemos	não acheis	não achem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:achar.

Related terms

• inchar
• soprar

Descendants

• Guinea-Bissau Creole: otca
• Kabuverdianu: atcha
• Macanese: achâ

Etymology 2

From Hindi आचार (ācār) and Urdu آچار (āćār), from Persian آچار (âčâr).

Noun

achar m (plural achares)

1. achar (a spicy and salty pickle of Indian cuisine)

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:achar.

Further reading

• “achar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024