dalam

See also: dalām, daļām, and dałam

Eastern Cham

Alternative forms

• ꨕꨤꩌ

Etymology

From Proto-Chamic *dalam, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daləm, from Proto-Austronesian *daləm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪a.lʌm/

Adjective

dalam

1. deep

Preposition

dalam

1. in, inside

References

Thurgood, Graham (1999) From Ancient Cham to Modern Dialects: Two Thousand Years of Language Contact and Change‎^[1], Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, page 287

Iban

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *daləm, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daləm, from Proto-Austronesian *daləm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dalam/
• Rhymes: -lam
• Hyphenation: da‧lam

Adjective

dalam

1. deep

Preposition

dalam

1. inside, in, within (abstract)

   dalam jaku Inggeris

   in English

2. indoor
3. interior

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay dalam, from Proto-Malayic *daləm, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daləm, from Proto-Austronesian *daləm. Doublet of dalem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdalam/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -lam, -am, -m

Adjective

dalam (superlative terdalam, equative sedalam)

1. deep

   Antonym: dangkal

Derived terms

• kedalaman (“depth”)
• pendalaman (“process of deepening”)
• mendalami
• mendalamkan (“to deepen”)
• didalami (“to be deepened”)
• memperdalam (“to deepen”)
• mendalam
• sedalam-dalamnya (“as deep as possible”)

• berdalam-dalam
• dalam-dalam
• dalaman
• kedalaman
• memperdalam
• mendalam
• mendalami
• mendalamkan
• pedalaman
• pendalaman
• sedalam-dalamnya

 

• dalam negeri

 

Noun

dalam (first-person possessive dalamku, second-person possessive dalammu, third-person possessive dalamnya)

1. inside, indoors
2. interior

Preposition

dalam

1. inside, in, within

Derived terms

• dalam jaringan
• dalam jejaring
• dalam pada itu
• dalam peninggal
• di dalam

 

Further reading

• “dalam” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Alternative forms

• دالم
• dlm (SMS slang)

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *daləm, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daləm, from Proto-Austronesian *daləm.

Pronunciation

• (Standard, Baku, Perak) IPA^(key): /dalam/
• (Kelantan-Pattani) IPA^(key): [dalẽ]
• Rhymes: -lam, -am

• Audio (Malaysia):

  (file)

Adjective

dalam (comparative lebih dalam, superlative paling dalam, terdalam)

1. deep

Antonyms

• cetek
• dangkal
• tohor

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• pendalaman (“process of deepening”) [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
• pedalaman (“inland”) [passive / name of profession + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (pe- + -an)
• dalaman (“internal”) [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
• kedalaman (“depth”) [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
• sedalam [comparability] (se-)
• dalamkan [causative benefactive] (-kan)
• dalami [causative (locative) benefactive] (-i)
• mendalamkan (“to deepen”) [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• mendalami [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
• didalamkan (“to be deepened”) [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
• didalami [patient focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (di- + -i)
• memperdalam (“to deepen”) [causative agent focus] (mempeR-)
• diperdalam (“to be deepened”) [causative passive focus] (dipeR-)
• dalam-dalam [reduplication] (redup)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

• mendalam (“profound”)
• terdalam (“the deepest”)
• sedalam-dalamnya (“as deep as possible”)

Preposition

dalam (Jawi spelling دالم)

1. inside, in, within (abstract)

   dalam bahasa Inggris

   in English

2. indoor
3. interior

Antonyms

• luar

Derived terms

• di dalam (“in (concrete)”)
• ke dalam (“(to) inside (of), into”)

Descendants

• Indonesian: dalam

Maltese

Root
d-l-m
6 terms

Etymology

From Arabic ظَلَمَ (ẓalama).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈda.lam/

Verb

dalam (imperfect jidlam)

1. (of the night, sky, etc.) to get dark

Conjugation

Conjugation of dalam
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
perfect	m	dlamt	dlamt	dalam		dlamna	dlamtu	dalmu
	f			dalmet
imperfect	m	nidlam	tidlam	jidlam		nidalmu	tidalmu	jidalmu
	f			tidlam
imperative			idlam				idalmu