guardar

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

Verb

guardar (first-person singular present guardo, first-person singular preterite guardí, past participle guardat)

1. to keep
2. to order
3. to clean
4. (computing) to save

   Synonym: desar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of guardar (first conjugation)

infinitive			guardar
gerund			guardant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		guardat		guardada
		plural		guardats		guardades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	guardo	guardes	guarda	guardem	guardeu	guarden
	imperfect	guardava	guardaves	guardava	guardàvem	guardàveu	guardaven
	future	guardaré	guardaràs	guardarà	guardarem	guardareu	guardaran
	preterite	guardí	guardares	guardà	guardàrem	guardàreu	guardaren
	conditional	guardaria	guardaries	guardaria	guardaríem	guardaríeu	guardarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	guardi	guardis	guardi	guardem	guardeu	guardin
	imperfect	guardés	guardessis	guardés	guardéssim	guardéssiu	guardessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	guarda	guardi	guardem	guardeu	guardin
	negative (no)	—	no guardis	no guardi	no guardem	no guardeu	no guardin

Derived terms

• esguardar
• guarda
• guardabosc
• guardacaps
• guardaespatlles
• guardapols
• guarderia

 

Related terms

• guàrdia
• guardià

Further reading

• “guardar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “guardar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “guardar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “guardar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Interlingua

Verb

guardar

1. to guard

Conjugation

    Conjugation of guardar

infinitive		guardar
participle		present	perfect
		guardante	guardate
active		simple	perfect
	present	guarda	ha guardate
	past	guardava	habeva guardate
	future	guardara	habera guardate
	conditional	guardarea	haberea guardate
	imperative	guarda
passive		simple	perfect
	present	es guardate	ha essite guardate
	past	esseva guardate	habeva essite guardate
	future	essera guardate	habera essite guardate
	conditional	esserea guardate	haberea essite guardate
	imperative	sia guardate

Old Galician-Portuguese

Alternative forms

• gardar

Etymology

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

Verb

guardar

1. to protect, defend
2. to watch over
3. to keep
4. to hide

Conjugation

    Conjugation of guardar

infinitive		simple		guardar
		compound		infinitive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
gerund		simple		guardando
		compound		gerund of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
past participle				singular		plural
		masculine		guardado		guardados
		feminine		guardada		guardadas
present participle				guardante		guardantes
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela vossa mercee	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	guardo	guardas	guarda	guardamos	guardades	guardan
	imperfect	guardava	guardavas	guardava	guardavamos, guardávamos	guardavades, guardávades	guardavan
	preterite	guardei	guardaste, guardasche, guardache	guardou	guardamos	guardastes	guardaron
	pluperfect	guardara	guardaras	guardara	guardaramos, guardáramos	guardarades, guardárades	guardaran
	future	guardarei	guardarás	guardará	guardaremos	guardaredes	guardarán
	conditional	guardaria	guardarias	guardaria	guardariamos, guardaríamos	guardariades, guardaríades	guardarian
compound tenses	present perfect	present of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	present imperfect	imperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	past anterior	preterite of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	pluperfect	simple pluperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	future perfect	future of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
subjunctive mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela vossa mercee	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	guarde	guardes	guarde	guardemos	guardedes	guarden
	preterite	guardasse	guardasses	guardasse	guardássemos	guardássedes	guardassen
	future	guardar	guardares	guardar	guardarmos	guardardes	guardaren
compound tenses	present perfect	present subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	pluperfect	preterite subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
	future perfect	future subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle
imperative mood		—	tu	vossa mercee	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	—
affirmative		—	guarda	guarde	guardemos	guardade	—
negative		—	non guardes	non guarde	non guardemos	non guardedes	—
personal infinitive		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela vossa mercee	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
		guardar	guardares	guardar	guardarmos	guardardes	guardaren
1 Its alternative spelling, aver, can be used as well. 2 Teer and ter were used too, though all 3 were less common than forms of "haver".

Related terms

• aguardar

Descendants

• Galician: gardar, guardar
• Portuguese: guardar

Further reading

• Universo Cantigas - "guardar ~ gardar"

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese guardar, from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ɡwaʁˈda(ʁ)/ [ɡwaɦˈda(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ɡwaʁˈda(ʁ)/ [ɡwaɦˈda(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ɡwaɾˈda(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ɡwaʁˈda(ʁ)/ [ɡwaʁˈda(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ɡwaɻˈda(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɡwɐɾˈdaɾ/ [ɡwɐɾˈðaɾ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɡwɐɾˈdaɾ/ [ɡwɐɾˈðaɾ]
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɡwɐɾˈda.ɾi/ [ɡwɐɾˈða.ɾi]

• (Northeast Brazil) IPA^(key): /ɡwaɦ.ˈda(h)/
• Hyphenation: guar‧dar

Verb

guardar (first-person singular present guardo, first-person singular preterite guardei, past participle guardado)

1. to save, keep, retain, preserve
2. to protect, defend
3. to put away (to put something in its usual storage place)
4. (computing) to save (to write a file to disk or other storage medium)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of guardar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	guardar
Personal	guardar	guardares	guardar	guardarmos	guardardes	guardarem
Gerund
	guardando
Past participle
Masculine	guardado			guardados
Feminine	guardada			guardadas
Indicative
Present	guardo	guardas	guarda	guardamos	guardais	guardam
Imperfect	guardava	guardavas	guardava	guardávamos	guardáveis	guardavam
Preterite	guardei	guardaste	guardou	guardamos1, guardámos2	guardastes	guardaram
Pluperfect	guardara	guardaras	guardara	guardáramos	guardáreis	guardaram
Future	guardarei	guardarás	guardará	guardaremos	guardareis	guardarão
Conditional	guardaria	guardarias	guardaria	guardaríamos	guardaríeis	guardariam
Subjunctive
Present	guarde	guardes	guarde	guardemos	guardeis	guardem
Imperfect	guardasse	guardasses	guardasse	guardássemos	guardásseis	guardassem
Future	guardar	guardares	guardar	guardarmos	guardardes	guardarem
Imperative
Affirmative		guarda	guarde	guardemos	guardai	guardem
Negative (não)		não guardes	não guarde	não guardemos	não guardeis	não guardem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Derived terms

• guarda
• guarda-arnês
• guarda-barreira
• guarda-braço
• guarda-cabeça
• guarda-caça
• guarda-cadeira, guarda-cadeiras
• guarda-calhas
• guarda-cama
• guarda-cancela
• guarda-cartucho
• guarda-cascos
• guarda-chapim
• guarda-chaves
• guarda-chuva
• guarda-chuvada
• guarda-comida
• guarda-corpo, guarda-corpos
• guarda-costas
• guarda-faceira
• guarda-fato, guarda-fatos
• guarda-fechos
• guarda-fios, guarda-fio
• guarda-fogo
• guarda-freio, guarda-freios
• guarda-joias
• guarda-lamas, guarda-lama
• guarda-leme
• guarda-linha
• guarda-livros
• guarda-louça, guarda-loiça
• guarda-luz
• guarda-mancebos, guarda-mancebo
• guarda-mão
• guarda-mato
• guarda-meta
• guarda-patrão
• guarda-peito
• guarda-pisa
• guarda-pó
• guarda-porta
• guarda-portão
• guarda-prata
• guarda-pratas
• guarda-quedas
• guarda-raios
• guarda-redes
• guarda-rios
• guarda-roupa
• guarda-sol
• guarda-valas, guarda-vala
• guarda-vassouras, guarda-vassoiras
• guarda-vento
• guarda-vestidos
• guarda-vidas
• guarda-vinho
• guarda-vista
• guarda-volante
• guarda-volumes
• guarda-voz
• guardador
• guardamento

 

Romansch

Etymology

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

Verb

guardar

1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Puter, Vallader) to look, look at, watch

Synonyms

• (Sursilvan) mirar
• (Sutsilvan, Surmiran) vurdar

Derived terms

• (Vallader) guardar davo (“to look up, look for, search, seek”)

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡwaɾˈdaɾ/ [ɡwaɾˈð̞aɾ]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: guar‧dar

Verb

guardar (first-person singular present guardo, first-person singular preterite guardé, past participle guardado)

1. (transitive) to save (to store for future use)
2. (computing) to save (to write a file to disk or other storage medium)

   guardar un archivo ― to save a file

3. to keep

   Ha jurado guardarlo en secreto

   He has sworn to keep it secret

4. to order
5. to clean
6. to put away

   Guárdalo antes de que lo vean.

   Put it away before they see it.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of guardar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			guardar
gerund			guardando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		guardado		guardada
		plural		guardados		guardadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	guardo	guardastú guardásvos	guarda	guardamos	guardáis	guardan
	imperfect	guardaba	guardabas	guardaba	guardábamos	guardabais	guardaban
	preterite	guardé	guardaste	guardó	guardamos	guardasteis	guardaron
	future	guardaré	guardarás	guardará	guardaremos	guardaréis	guardarán
	conditional	guardaría	guardarías	guardaría	guardaríamos	guardaríais	guardarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	guarde	guardestú guardésvos2	guarde	guardemos	guardéis	guarden
	imperfect (ra)	guardara	guardaras	guardara	guardáramos	guardarais	guardaran
	imperfect (se)	guardase	guardases	guardase	guardásemos	guardaseis	guardasen
	future1	guardare	guardares	guardare	guardáremos	guardareis	guardaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		guardatú guardávos	guarde	guardemos	guardad	guarden
	negative		no guardes	no guarde	no guardemos	no guardéis	no guarden

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of guardar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive guardar
	dative	guardarme	guardarte	guardarle, guardarse	guardarnos	guardaros	guardarles, guardarse
	accusative	guardarme	guardarte	guardarlo, guardarla, guardarse	guardarnos	guardaros	guardarlos, guardarlas, guardarse
with gerund guardando
	dative	guardándome	guardándote	guardándole, guardándose	guardándonos	guardándoos	guardándoles, guardándose
	accusative	guardándome	guardándote	guardándolo, guardándola, guardándose	guardándonos	guardándoos	guardándolos, guardándolas, guardándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative guarda
	dative	guárdame	guárdate	guárdale	guárdanos	not used	guárdales
	accusative	guárdame	guárdate	guárdalo, guárdala	guárdanos	not used	guárdalos, guárdalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative guardá
	dative	guardame	guardate	guardale	guardanos	not used	guardales
	accusative	guardame	guardate	guardalo, guardala	guardanos	not used	guardalos, guardalas
with formal second-person singular imperative guarde
	dative	guárdeme	not used	guárdele, guárdese	guárdenos	not used	guárdeles
	accusative	guárdeme	not used	guárdelo, guárdela, guárdese	guárdenos	not used	guárdelos, guárdelas
with first-person plural imperative guardemos
	dative	not used	guardémoste	guardémosle	guardémonos	guardémoos	guardémosles
	accusative	not used	guardémoste	guardémoslo, guardémosla	guardémonos	guardémoos	guardémoslos, guardémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative guardad
	dative	guardadme	not used	guardadle	guardadnos	guardaos	guardadles
	accusative	guardadme	not used	guardadlo, guardadla	guardadnos	guardaos	guardadlos, guardadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative guarden
	dative	guárdenme	not used	guárdenle	guárdennos	not used	guárdenles, guárdense
	accusative	guárdenme	not used	guárdenlo, guárdenla	guárdennos	not used	guárdenlos, guárdenlas, guárdense

Derived terms

• día de guardar
• fiesta de guardar
• fiestas de guardar (All Saints’ Day)
• guarda
• guardabanderas
• guardabarreras
• guardabarros
• guardabosques
• guardacoches
• guardacostas
• guardaespaldas
• guardafangos
• guardagujas
• guardainfante
• guardajoyas
• guardamanos
• guardamiento
• guardamuebles
• guardapolvo
• guardar bulto
• guardar cama
• guardar el decoro
• guardar la cama
• guardar la cara
• guardar la casa
• guardar las distancias
• guardar las fiestas
• guardar reposo
• guardar reserva
• guardarraíl
• guardarropa
• guardárselas
• guardavallas
• guardia
• nadar y guardar la ropa

 

Further reading

• “guardar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy, 2023 November 28