hryggur

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈr̥ɪkːʏr/

  Rhymes: -ɪkːʏr

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *hrewwjaz, related to the verb *hrewwaną (“to cause regret”). Cognate with English rue.

Adjective

hryggur (comparative hryggari, superlative hryggastur)

1. sad, regretful, sorrowful, woeful

Inflection

    positive (strong declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hryggur	hrygg	hryggt
accusative	hryggan	hrygga	hryggt
dative	hryggum	hryggri	hryggu
genitive	hryggs	hryggrar	hryggs
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hryggir	hryggar	hrygg
accusative	hrygga	hryggar	hrygg
dative	hryggum	hryggum	hryggum
genitive	hryggra	hryggra	hryggra

    positive (weak declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hryggi	hrygga	hrygga
accusative	hrygga	hryggu	hrygga
dative	hrygga	hryggu	hrygga
genitive	hrygga	hryggu	hrygga
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hryggu	hryggu	hryggu
accusative	hryggu	hryggu	hryggu
dative	hryggu	hryggu	hryggu
genitive	hryggu	hryggu	hryggu

    comparative

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hryggari	hryggari	hryggara
accusative	hryggari	hryggari	hryggara
dative	hryggari	hryggari	hryggara
genitive	hryggari	hryggari	hryggara
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hryggari	hryggari	hryggari
accusative	hryggari	hryggari	hryggari
dative	hryggari	hryggari	hryggari
genitive	hryggari	hryggari	hryggari

    superlative (strong declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hryggastur	hryggust	hryggast
accusative	hryggastan	hryggasta	hryggast
dative	hryggustum	hryggastri	hryggustu
genitive	hryggasts	hryggastrar	hryggasts
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hryggastir	hryggastar	hryggust
accusative	hryggasta	hryggastar	hryggust
dative	hryggustum	hryggustum	hryggustum
genitive	hryggastra	hryggastra	hryggastra

    superlative (weak declension)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hryggasti	hryggasta	hryggasta
accusative	hryggasta	hryggustu	hryggasta
dative	hryggasta	hryggustu	hryggasta
genitive	hryggasta	hryggustu	hryggasta
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hryggustu	hryggustu	hryggustu
accusative	hryggustu	hryggustu	hryggustu
dative	hryggustu	hryggustu	hryggustu
genitive	hryggustu	hryggustu	hryggustu

Etymology 2

From Old Norse hryggr.

Noun

hryggur m (genitive singular hryggjar or (uncommon except in compounds, sometimes proscribed) hryggs, nominative plural hryggir)

1. (anatomy) the spine, the back
   • 1928, Krummavísa (“Raven Song”, on the Icelandic Wikisource) by Jón Ásgeirsson

     Krummi krunkar úti,
     kallar á nafna sinn:
     „Ég fann höfuð af hrúti
     hrygg og gæruskinn.“
     Komdu nú og kroppaðu með mér,
     krummi nafni minn.

     “Krummi croaks outside,
     calling his namesake:
     ‘I found the head of a ram,
     backbone and sheepskin.’
     Come now and peck with me,
     Krummi, my namesake.”

2. (landscape) a ridge

Declension

Declension of hryggur (masculine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	hryggur	hryggurinn	hryggir	hryggirnir
accusative	hrygg	hrygginn	hryggi	hryggina
dative	hrygg	hryggnum	hryggjum	hryggjunum
genitive	hryggjar, hryggs1	hryggjarins, hryggsins1	hryggja	hryggjanna

¹Uncommon except in compounds, sometimes proscribed.

Synonyms

• (ridge): fjallsás

Derived terms

• mjóhryggur