ohne

See also: ohně

Central Franconian

Alternative forms

• ohn (see usage notes below)
• ohni, ohnt (scattered variants)

Etymology

From Middle High German āne, from Proto-Germanic *ēnu. The (partial) retention of the final schwa is irregular; the word must be inherited, however, because of the /ɔː/-vocalism, which is the regular outcome of Middle High German ā. Only the southernmost dialects show a raised vowel in line with Standard German ohne, but it is surely inherited there as well.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɔːnə/ (Ripuarian, northern Moselle Franconian)
• IPA^(key): /ˈoːnə/ (southern Moselle Franconian)

Preposition

ohne (+ accusative/direct case)

1. (most dialects) without

   Synonyms: songer, zonger (western Ripuarian, archaic)

Usage notes

• The final -e is generally retained when the following word is stressed: ohne mich (“without me”). It may optionally be lost when the following word is unstressed: ohn(e) meng Frau (“without my wife”).

Derived terms

• derohne

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈoɦnɛ]

Verb

ohne

1. third-person singular future of ohnout

German

Alternative forms

• ohn
• (obsolete) on

Etymology

From Middle High German āne (“without”), from Old High German āna, ānu, āno (“without”), from Proto-Germanic *ēnu, *ēnō (“without”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁(n̥)new.

Cognate with Yiddish אָן (on), Old Saxon āno (“without”), Old Frisian ōni (“without”), Old Norse án, ón (“without”), English on, ohn (“without”), Ancient Greek ἄνευ (áneu, “without”), Gothic 𐌹𐌽𐌿 (inu, “without”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈoːnə/

• Audio:

  (file)

Conjunction

ohne

1. without [with dass (+ clause) or zu (+ infinitive) ‘doing something’]

   Ich habe viele Jahre vergeudet, ohne dir zu sagen, was du mir bedeutest.

   I wasted many years without telling you what you mean to me.

Preposition

ohne [with accusative]

1. without

   Antonym: mit

   Ohne dich bin ich nichts.

   Without you I am nothing.

Usage notes

• Used to be able to be used with the dative, as in Bescheidenheit ist eine Zier, doch weiter kommt man ohne ihr, but this is now very rare.

Derived terms

• ohnedies
• ohnegleichen
• ohnehin

Adverb

ohne

1. without

   Ich mag Fußball, aber ich kann auch ohne leben.

   I like soccer, but I could live without.

Usage notes

• This use as an adverb is standard usage but generally avoided in (very) formal style.

Further reading

• “ohne” in Duden online
• “ohne” in Duden online
• “ohne” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Hunsrik

Etymology

From Middle High German āne (“without”), from Old High German āna, ānu, āno (“without”), from Proto-Germanic *ēnu, *ēnō (“without”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁(n̥)new.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈoːnə/

Preposition

ohne

1. (+accusative) without

   Ohne Rehn kannd-ma’s net planze.

   Without rain you can not plant it.

   Das Esse ist ohne Salz.

   The food is without salt.

   Ich wolld blos en Nacht ohne das Barullie.

   I wanted only one night without noise.

   • 2020, Aesop, Piter Keo, De Wollef un das Lamm (yt):

     "Noja", saad de Wollef, "awer ich gehn net fort ohne mein Esse".

     "Ah well," the wolf said, "but I won't leave without my food."

Antonyms

• mit

Further reading

• Online Hunsrik Dictionary

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɔɦɲe]

Noun

ohne

1. nominative/accusative plural of oheň