raer

See also: Räer, råer, ráér, and rær

Galician

Alternative forms

• raír, reer

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese reer, raer (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin rādere, present active infinitive of rādō, from Proto-Italic *razdō, from an extended form of *reh₁d- (“to scrape, scratch, gnaw”). Cognate with Portuguese reer and Spanish raer. Compare English raze.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /raˈeɾ/

Verb

raer (first-person singular present raio, first-person singular preterite raín, past participle raído)

1. (transitive) to scrape, skim, shave

   Synonyms: rapar, rasar, rozar

   • 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor, Rufus, Jordanus: Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page 135:

     Para esto ual reer o lugar jnchado et çercallo de semesugas para liurar ende o sange que y ha para seyr fora

     For this is valid to shave the swollen place and then to encircle it with leeches, so freeing the blood that is there, letting it go out

2. to scythe
3. to flatten, raze; to lay bare
4. (impersonal) to clear up

Conjugation

    Conjugation of raer (irregular)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	raer
Personal	raer	raeres	raer	raermos	raerdes	raeren
Gerund
	raendo
Past participle
Masculine	raído			raídos
Feminine	raída			raídas
Indicative
Present	raio	raes	rae	raemos	raedes	raen
Imperfect	raía	raías	raía	raïamos	raïades	raían
Preterite	raín	raíches	raeu	raemos	raestes	raeron
Pluperfect	raera	raeras	raera	raeramos	raerades	raeran
Future	raerei	raerás	raerá	raeremos	raeredes	raerán
Conditional	raería	raerías	raería	raeriamos	raeriades	raerían
Subjunctive
Present	raia	raias	raia	raiamos	raiades	raian
Imperfect	raese	raeses	raese	raésemos	raésedes	raesen
Future	raer	raeres	raer	raermos	raerdes	raeren
Imperative
Affirmative		rae	raia	raiamos	raede	raian
Negative (non)		non raias	non raia	non raiamos	non raiades	non raian

Related terms

• rasa
• rasar

References

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “raer”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “reer”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “rraer”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “raer”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “raer”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “raer”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Middle Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin rārus.

Adjective

râer

1. (rare) rare, unusual

Inflection

Adjective
		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Plural
Nominative	Indefinite	raer	raere	raer	raere
	Definite	raere		raere
Accusative	Indefinite	raeren	raere	raer	raere
	Definite			raere
Genitive	Indefinite	raers	raerre	raers	raerre
	Definite	raers, raeren		raers, raeren
Dative		raeren	raerre	raeren	raeren

Descendants

• Dutch: raar

Further reading

• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “raer”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish raer, from Latin rādere, from Proto-Italic *razdō, from Proto-Indo-European *rh₁d-dʰ-, extended from *reh₁d- (“to scrape, scratch, gnaw”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /raˈeɾ/ [raˈeɾ]
• Rhymes: -eɾ
• Syllabification: ra‧er

Verb

raer (first-person singular present raigo or rayo, first-person singular preterite raí, past participle raído)

1. (rare) to scrape, fray, abrade

   Synonym: raspar

   • 1926, Roberto Arlt, “Judas Iscariote”, in El juguete rabioso:

     Más allá las mondongueras raen los amarillentos mondongos en el estaño de sus mostradores, o cuelgan de los ganchos inmensos hígados rojos.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (rare) to remove completely

Conjugation

    Conjugation of raer (irregular) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			raer
gerund			rayendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		raído		raída
		plural		raídos		raídas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	raigo, rayo	raestú raésvos	rae	raemos	raéis	raen
	imperfect	raía	raías	raía	raíamos	raíais	raían
	preterite	raí	raíste	rayó	raímos	raísteis	rayeron
	future	raeré	raerás	raerá	raeremos	raeréis	raerán
	conditional	raería	raerías	raería	raeríamos	raeríais	raerían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	raiga, raya	raigas, rayastú raigás, rayásvos2	raiga, raya	raigamos, rayamos	raigáis, rayáis	raigan, rayan
	imperfect (ra)	rayera	rayeras	rayera	rayéramos	rayerais	rayeran
	imperfect (se)	rayese	rayeses	rayese	rayésemos	rayeseis	rayesen
	future1	rayere	rayeres	rayere	rayéremos	rayereis	rayeren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		raetú raévos	raiga, raya	raigamos, rayamos	raed	raigan, rayan
	negative		no raigas, no rayas	no raiga, no raya	no raigamos, no rayamos	no raigáis, no rayáis	no raigan, no rayan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of raer (irregular)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive raer
	dative	raerme	raerte	raerle, raerse	raernos	raeros	raerles, raerse
	accusative	raerme	raerte	raerlo, raerla, raerse	raernos	raeros	raerlos, raerlas, raerse
with gerund rayendo
	dative	rayéndome	rayéndote	rayéndole, rayéndose	rayéndonos	rayéndoos	rayéndoles, rayéndose
	accusative	rayéndome	rayéndote	rayéndolo, rayéndola, rayéndose	rayéndonos	rayéndoos	rayéndolos, rayéndolas, rayéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative rae
	dative	ráeme	ráete	ráele	ráenos	not used	ráeles
	accusative	ráeme	ráete	ráelo, ráela	ráenos	not used	ráelos, ráelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative raé
	dative	raeme	raete	raele	raenos	not used	raeles
	accusative	raeme	raete	raelo, raela	raenos	not used	raelos, raelas
with formal second-person singular imperative raiga, raya
	dative	ráigame, ráyame	not used	ráigale, ráyale, ráigase, ráyase	ráiganos, ráyanos	not used	ráigales, ráyales
	accusative	ráigame, ráyame	not used	ráigalo, ráyalo, ráigala, ráyala, ráigase, ráyase	ráiganos, ráyanos	not used	ráigalos, ráyalos, ráigalas, ráyalas
with first-person plural imperative raigamos, rayamos
	dative	not used	raigámoste, rayámoste	raigámosle, rayámosle	raigámonos, rayámonos	raigámoos, rayámoos	raigámosles, rayámosles
	accusative	not used	raigámoste, rayámoste	raigámoslo, rayámoslo, raigámosla, rayámosla	raigámonos, rayámonos	raigámoos, rayámoos	raigámoslos, rayámoslos, raigámoslas, rayámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative raed
	dative	raedme	not used	raedle	raednos	raeos	raedles
	accusative	raedme	not used	raedlo, raedla	raednos	raeos	raedlos, raedlas
with formal second-person plural imperative raigan, rayan
	dative	ráiganme, ráyanme	not used	ráiganle, ráyanle	ráigannos, ráyannos	not used	ráiganles, ráyanles, ráiganse, ráyanse
	accusative	ráiganme, ráyanme	not used	ráiganlo, ráyanlo, ráiganla, ráyanla	ráigannos, ráyannos	not used	ráiganlos, ráyanlos, ráiganlas, ráyanlas, ráiganse, ráyanse

Related terms

• rascar
• rasero
• raso
• rasura

 

Further reading

• “raer”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014