sein
English
editNoun
editsein (plural seins)
Anagrams
editBasque
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Basque *seni.
Pronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Noun
editsein anim
Declension
editindefinite | singular | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
absolutive | sein | seina | seinak |
ergative | seinek | seinak | seinek |
dative | seini | seinari | seinei |
genitive | seinen | seinaren | seinen |
comitative | seinekin | seinarekin | seinekin |
causative | seinengatik | seinarengatik | seinengatik |
benefactive | seinentzat | seinarentzat | seinentzat |
instrumental | seinez | seinaz | seinez |
inessive | seinengan | seinarengan | seinengan |
locative | — | — | — |
allative | seinengana | seinarengana | seinengana |
terminative | seinenganaino | seinarenganaino | seinenganaino |
directive | seinenganantz | seinarenganantz | seinenganantz |
destinative | seinenganako | seinarenganako | seinenganako |
ablative | seinengandik | seinarengandik | seinengandik |
partitive | seinik | — | — |
prolative | seintzat | — | — |
Synonyms
editFurther reading
edit- “sein”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia, Euskaltzaindia
- “sein”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia, Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005
Dutch
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old French seigne, a northern variant of signe, from Latin signum.[1] Doublet of zegen.
Noun
editsein n (plural seinen, diminutive seintje n)
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editDescendants
edit- → Indonesian: sein
Etymology 2
editSee the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
editsein
- inflection of seinen:
References
edit- ^ sein; in J. de Vries & F. de Tollenaere, "Etymologisch Woordenboek", Uitgeverij Het Spectrum, Utrecht, 1986 (14de druk)
Anagrams
editEstonian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *saina, borrowed from a Baltic language, compare Latvian siena. Finnish seinä is of the same origin.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editsein (genitive seina, partitive seina)
Declension
editsingular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | sein | seinad |
genitive | seina | seinte / seinade |
partitive | seina | seinu / seinasid |
illative | seina / seinasse | seintesse / seinadesse |
inessive | seinas | seintes / seinades |
elative | seinast | seintest / seinadest |
allative | seinale | seintele / seinadele |
adessive | seinal | seintel / seinadel |
ablative | seinalt | seintelt / seinadelt |
translative | seinaks | seinteks / seinadeks |
terminative | seinani | seinteni / seinadeni |
essive | seinana | seintena / seinadena |
abessive | seinata | seinteta / seinadeta |
comitative | seinaga | seintega / seinadega |
Finnish
editPronunciation
editNoun
editsein
- inflection of sei:
Noun
editsein
- instructive plural of see
Anagrams
editFrench
editEtymology
editInherited from Old French sein, inherited from Latin sinus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sinos. Doublet of sinus. Compare Italian seno, Romanian sân, Romansch sain, Portuguese seio, Spanish seno.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editsein m (plural seins)
- (anatomy) breast (the chest)
- sur votre jeune sein laissez rouler ma tête ― let my head roll on your young breast
- (anatomy) breast
- Elle a des gros seins ― she has big breasts
- (literary) womb
- elle a porté cet enfant dans son sein ― she carried this child in her womb
- bosom
- au sein de la famille ― in the bosom of the family
- le sein du Père ― the bosom of the Father
Synonyms
edit- (breast): poitrine, (Quebec, slang) boule, (slang) nichon, nibard, nib, (informal) tété, lolo, néné, robert, (France, informal) gougoutte
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “sein”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
editGerman
editAlternative forms
edit- seyn (obsolete)
- syn (obsolete) (frühneuhochdeutsch, for example used by the following authors: Sebastian Brant, Das Narrenschiff, 1494; Jacob Ruff, Adam und Heva)
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /zaɪ̯n/ (prescriptive standard)
- IPA(key): /saɛ̯n/ (Austria)
Audio: (file) Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -aɪ̯n
- Homophone: seinen (according to a common pronunciation of this form)
Etymology 1
editInherited from Middle High German sīn, from Old High German sīn (“to be”) (suppleted with Proto-Germanic *wesaną (“to be”) and *beuną (“to be, exist, become”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be, exist”). Cognate with Dutch zijn (“to be”), Low German sien. More at sooth.
Verb
editsein (irregular, third-person singular present ist, past tense war, past participle gewesen, past subjunctive wäre, auxiliary sein)
- (copulative, with a predicate adjective or predicate nominative) to be
- Das ist schön. ― That is beautiful.
- Das ist ein Auto. ― That is a car.
- (impersonal) to feel (to experience a condition) [with dative ‘someone’ and adjective ‘in some way’ (only for certain adjectives)]
- Usage: In this sense sein is always conjugated in the third person singular and takes a dative noun. The impersonal subject es may be present, but is often taken as implied. For example: "Mir ist warm," "Mir ist es warm," and "Es ist mir warm," may all be translated as "I'm warm," or literally as "(To) me (it) is warm." See Usage notes for the respective adjectives.
- Ist dir kalt? ― Are you cold?
- Mir ist schlecht. ― I'm sick.
- Dem Mann ist schwindelig. ― The man feels dizzy.
- Den Kindern ist langweilig. ― The children are bored.
- (impersonal) to feel like, to be in the mood for [with dative ‘someone’, along with nach (+ dative) ‘something desired’ or danach ‘that thing’, (sometimes) along with zumute]
- Usage: As in the previous sense sein takes a dative noun and is always conjugated according to the impersonal subject es, although it is usually omitted.
- Uns ist nach einem Film zumute. ― We feel like watching a movie.
- Mir ist nicht danach. ― I don't feel like it.
- (auxiliary) forms the present perfect and past perfect tenses of certain intransitive verbs
- Er ist alt geworden. ― He has become old.
- (intransitive) to exist; there to be; to be alive
- Was nicht ist, kann noch werden. (a common proverb)
- That which does not exist now, may come into existence.
- Wenn ich nicht mehr bin, erbst du das Haus.
- When I am no more, you'll inherit the house.
- (intransitive, colloquial) to have the next turn (in a game, in a queue, etc.)
- Du bist. ― It’s your turn.
- Du bist nach mir. ― Your turn is after mine.
- (intransitive, childish) to be "it"; to be the tagger in a game of tag
- Du bist! ― You're it!
- Ich bin nicht mehr. ― I'm not it anymore.
Conjugation
editinfinitive | sein | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | seiend | ||||
past participle | gewesen | ||||
auxiliary | sein | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich bin | wir sind | i | ich sei | wir seien |
du bist | ihr seid | du seist du seiest |
ihr seiet | ||
er ist | sie sind | er sei | sie seien | ||
preterite | ich war | wir waren | ii | ich wäre | wir wären |
du warst | ihr wart | du wärst du wärest |
ihr wärt ihr wäret | ||
er war | sie waren | er wäre | sie wären | ||
imperative | sei (du) | seid (ihr) |
Alternative forms:
- Past participle: gewest (obsolete; poetical)
- Second-person plural preterite indicative: waret (older; poetical)
The subjunctive I (first and third person) and indicative (first person only) forms are also used as imperatives.
- Seien wir mal ehrlich./Sind wir mal ehrlich. ― Let’s be honest.
- (second-person formal) Seien Sie mal ehrlich. ― Be honest!
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editFrom Middle High German sein, sīn, from Old High German sīn, from Proto-West Germanic *sīn, from Proto-Germanic *sīnaz (“his own, her own, its own, their own”) (a reflexive possessive), from genitive of Proto-Indo-European *swé with denominative suffix Proto-Indo-European *-nós, equivalent to the genitive form of *se-.
Cognate with Low German sien (“his, its”), Dutch zijn (“his, its”), Danish sin (“his, her, its, their”), Old English sīn (“his, its”).
Determiner
editsein
- his
- Daniel schickt seiner Schwester eine SMS.
- Daniel is sending a text to his sister.
- Der Kater spielt oft mit seinen Spielsachen.
- The cat often plays with his toys.
- its (agreeing with a masculine or neuter noun)
- der Mond und sein Licht
- the moon and its light
- das Schaf und seine Lämmer
- the sheep and its lambs
- one's
- Man muss seinem Herzen folgen.
- One must follow one’s heart.
Usage notes
editWhen used as a pronoun, the nominative masculine takes the form seiner, and the nominative/accusative neuter takes the form seines or seins.
- mein Vater und seiner ― my father and his
- mein Kind und sein(e)s ― my child and his
Declension
editDeclension of sein | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
nominative | sein | seine | sein | seine |
genitive | seines | seiner | seines | seiner |
dative | seinem | seiner | seinem | seinen |
accusative | seinen | seine | sein | seine |
Nominatives of the possessive determiners:
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
---|---|---|---|---|
First-person singular | mein | meine | mein | meine |
Second-person singular | dein | deine | dein | deine |
Dein | Deine | Dein | Deine | |
Third-person singular | sein | seine | sein | seine |
ihr | ihre | ihr | ihre | |
First-person plural | unser | uns(e)re | unser | uns(e)re |
Second-person plural | euer | eure | euer | eure |
Third-person plural | ihr | ihre | ihr | ihre |
Second-person formal | Ihr | Ihre | Ihr | Ihre |
Pronoun
editsein
Further reading
edit- “sein” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “sein” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “sein” in Duden online
- “sein” in OpenThesaurus.de
Anagrams
editGothic
editRomanization
editsein
- Romanization of 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽
Hunsrik
editEtymology
editFrom Middle High German sein, sīn, from Old High German sīn, from Proto-West Germanic *sīn (“his”). Cognate with German sein.
Pronunciation
editDeterminer
editsein
Inflection
editnominative / accusative | dative | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
1st person singular | mein | mein | mein | mein, meine1 | meim | meiner | meim | meine |
2nd person singular | dein | dein | dein | dein, deine1 | deim | deiner | deim | deine |
3rd person singular (m/n) | sein | sein | sein | sein, seine1 | seim | seiner | seim | seine |
3rd person singular (f) | eere | eere | eere | eere | eerem | eerer | eerem | eere |
1st person plural | unser | unser | unser | unser, unsre1 | unsrem | unsrer | unsrem | unsre |
2nd person plural | eier | eier | eier | eier, eire1 | eirem | eirer | eirem | eire |
3rd person plural | eere | eere | eere | eere | eerem | eerer | eerem | eere |
1Form used when the plural of the noun is the same as the singular
Further reading
editIndonesian
editEtymology
editFrom Dutch sein (“signal”), from Old French seigne, a northern variant of signe, from Latin signum. Doublet of sinyal.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editsein
- signal
- short for lampu sein (“indicator, turn signal”).
Alternative forms
editFurther reading
edit- “sein” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Middle English
editVerb
editsein
- Alternative form of seien
Middle Irish
editDeterminer
editsein
- Alternative form of sin (“that”)
Pronoun
editsein
- Alternative form of sin (“that”)
Norwegian Bokmål
editEtymology
editAdjective
editsein (neuter singular seint, definite singular and plural seine, comparative seinere, indefinite superlative seinest, definite superlative seineste)
- alternative form of sen
References
edit- “sein” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Anagrams
editNorwegian Nynorsk
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editAdjective
editsein (neuter seint, definite singular and plural seine, comparative seinare, indefinite superlative seinast, definite superlative seinaste)
References
edit- “sein” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams
editOld French
editEtymology
editNoun
editsein oblique singular, m (oblique plural seinz, nominative singular seinz, nominative plural sein)
- breast (anatomy)
Old Swedish
editVerb
editsein
Romansch
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Latin sinus (compare French sein, Italian seno, Romanian sân, Spanish seno).
Noun
editsein m
Related terms
editVeps
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *saina. Related to Finnish seinä.
Noun
editsein
Declension
editInflection of sein (inflection type 6/kuva) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative sing. | sein | ||
genitive sing. | seinän | ||
partitive sing. | seinäd | ||
partitive plur. | seinid | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | sein | seinäd | |
accusative | seinän | seinäd | |
genitive | seinän | seiniden | |
partitive | seinäd | seinid | |
essive-instructive | seinän | seinin | |
translative | seinäks | seinikš | |
inessive | seinäs | seiniš | |
elative | seinäspäi | seinišpäi | |
illative | seinähä | seinihe | |
adessive | seinäl | seinil | |
ablative | seinälpäi | seinilpäi | |
allative | seinäle | seinile | |
abessive | seinäta | seinita | |
comitative | seinänke | seinidenke | |
prolative | seinädme | seinidme | |
approximative I | seinänno | seinidenno | |
approximative II | seinännoks | seinidennoks | |
egressive | seinännopäi | seinidennopäi | |
terminative I | seinähäsai | seinihesai | |
terminative II | seinälesai | seinilesai | |
terminative III | seinässai | — | |
additive I | seinähäpäi | seinihepäi | |
additive II | seinälepäi | seinilepäi |
West Frisian
editEtymology
editFrom Dutch sein (“signal”), from Old French seigne, a northern variant of signe.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editsein n (plural seinen, diminutive seintsje)
Further reading
edit- “sein (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English archaic forms
- Basque terms inherited from Proto-Basque
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- Basque terms with audio pronunciation
- Basque lemmas
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- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛi̯n
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- Dutch terms derived from Old French
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- Finnish non-lemma forms
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- French terms inherited from Old French
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- fr:Anatomy
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- Rhymes:German/aɪ̯n
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- German terms with homophones
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
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- fro:Anatomy
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- rm:Anatomy
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