vilja
Estonian
editNoun
editvilja
Faroese
editEtymology
editFrom Old Norse vilja, from Proto-Germanic *wiljaną, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editvilja (third person singular past indicative vildi, third person plural past indicative vilað, supine vilað)
Conjugation
editConjugation of vilja (irregular) | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | vilja | |
supine | vilað | |
participle | — | — |
present | past | |
first singular | vil | vildi |
second singular | vilt | vildi |
third singular | vil | vildi |
plural | vilja | vildu |
imperative | ||
singular | — | |
plural | — |
Finnish
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *vilja, borrowed from Proto-Indo-European (if not directly from Slavic or Balto-Slavic - compare Proto-Slavic *obilьje, from an earlier *obvilьje, see *obilъ)[1] and Czech obilí (“grain, cereals”)).[2] Other cognates include Karelian vil'l'a, Estonian vili, Veps vil'l' and Proto-Samic *vëljē.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editvilja
- grain, cereal, corn (type of grass cultivated for its edible grains)
- grain (harvested seeds from such or similar plants collectively)
- (archaic, dialectal) abundance
Declension
editInflection of vilja (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | vilja | viljat | |
genitive | viljan | viljojen | |
partitive | viljaa | viljoja | |
illative | viljaan | viljoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vilja | viljat | |
accusative | nom. | vilja | viljat |
gen. | viljan | ||
genitive | viljan | viljojen viljain rare | |
partitive | viljaa | viljoja | |
inessive | viljassa | viljoissa | |
elative | viljasta | viljoista | |
illative | viljaan | viljoihin | |
adessive | viljalla | viljoilla | |
ablative | viljalta | viljoilta | |
allative | viljalle | viljoille | |
essive | viljana | viljoina | |
translative | viljaksi | viljoiksi | |
abessive | viljatta | viljoitta | |
instructive | — | viljoin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
See also
editAdjective
editvilja (rare)
Derived terms
edit- jumalanvilja
- kevätvilja
- korsivilja
- laatuvilja
- lakovilja
- leipävilja
- luomuvilja
- palkovilja
- peltovilja
- perusvilja
- rehuvilja
- sekavilja
- seosvilja
- siemenvilja
- suojavilja
- syysvilja
- syömävilja
- toukovilja
- tuontivilja
- uutisvilja
- verovilja
- vilja-aitta
- vilja-arvoyksikkö
- vilja-auma
- viljaelevaattori
- viljahehto
- viljahirssi
- viljajaloste
- viljakaskas
- viljakasvi
- viljakauppa
- viljakierukka
- viljakirva
- viljakukko
- viljakärsäkäs
- viljalaari
- viljalaiho
- viljalaina
- viljalaiva
- viljalaji
- viljalajike
- viljaluste
- viljalyhde
- Viljamaa
- viljamaissi
- viljamakasiini
- viljamitta
- viljamylly
- viljankorjuu
- viljankuivaamo
- viljankuivatus
- viljankuivaus
- viljankuivuri
- viljankylvö
- viljanleikkuu
- Viljanmaa
- viljanolki
- viljanoras
- viljanpuinti
- viljansiemen
- viljantuonti
- viljantähkä
- viljanvienti
- viljanviljely
- viljanäyte
- viljaomavaraisuus
- viljapehkiäinen
- viljapelto
- viljapörssi
- viljaraja
- viljariisi
- viljaripsiäinen
- viljaruoka
- viljaruuvi
- viljasato
- viljaseppä
- viljaseula
- viljasiilo
- viljasuppilo
- viljasäiliö
- viljasäkki
- viljasääski
- viljatatar
- viljateollisuus
- viljatila
- viljatuote
- viljavaaka
- viljavainio
- viljavalmiste
- viljavarasto
- viljaviina
- viljavuori
- viljavuosi
- viljayksikkö
- viljaylijäämä
- viljaympyrä
References
edit- ^ Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN
- ^ Koivulehto, Jorma (2006) “Wie alt sind die Kontakte zwischen Finnisch-Ugrisch und Balto-Slavisch? The Slavicization of the Russian North”, in Slavica Helsingiensia, volume 27, pages 179-196
Further reading
edit- “vilja”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
Icelandic
editEtymology
editFrom Old Norse vilja (“to want”), from Proto-Germanic *wiljaną, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editvilja (preterite-present verb, third-person singular present indicative vill, third-person singular past indicative vildi, supine viljað)
- to want
- Ég vil fara heim.
- I want to go home.
- to wish
- Ég vildi að það væru þvottabirnir á Íslandi. Þeir eru svo sætir. Ég myndi leika við þá og gefa þeim ruslið mitt.
- I wish there were raccoons in Iceland. They're so cute. I'd play with them and give them my trash.
Conjugation
editThis verb is slightly irregular.
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að vilja | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
viljað | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
viljandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég vil | við viljum | present (nútíð) |
ég vilji | við viljum |
þú vilt | þið viljið | þú viljir | þið viljið | ||
hann, hún, það vill | þeir, þær, þau vilja | hann, hún, það vilji | þeir, þær, þau vilji | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég vildi | við vildum | past (þátíð) |
ég vildi | við vildum |
þú vildir | þið vilduð | þú vildir | þið vilduð | ||
hann, hún, það vildi | þeir, þær, þau vildu | hann, hún, það vildi | þeir, þær, þau vildu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
vilj (þú) | viljið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
vilðu | viljiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
Ingrian
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *vilja. Cognates include Finnish vilja and Estonian vili.
Pronunciation
edit- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈʋiljɑ/, [ˈʋilʲː]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈʋiljɑ/, [ˈʋilʲjɑ]
- Rhymes: -ilj, -iljɑ
- Hyphenation: vil‧ja
Noun
editvilja
- grain, cereal
- 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 40:
- Vilja käsil kylvettii.
- The grain was sown by hand.
Declension
editDeclension of vilja (type 3/kana, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | vilja | viljat |
genitive | viljan | viljoin |
partitive | viljaa | viljoja |
illative | viljaa | viljoi |
inessive | viljaas | viljois |
elative | viljast | viljoist |
allative | viljalle | viljoille |
adessive | viljaal | viljoil |
ablative | viljalt | viljoilt |
translative | viljaks | viljoiks |
essive | viljanna, viljaan | viljoinna, viljoin |
exessive1) | viljant | viljoint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 667
Norwegian Nynorsk
editAlternative forms
edit- vilje (e infinitive)
Etymology
editFrom Old Norse vilja, from Proto-Germanic *wiljaną, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-. Akin to English will.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editvilja (present tense vil, past tense ville, past participle vilja, present participle viljande)
- want
- Eg vil dra no. ― I want to leave now.
- will (expressing future tense)
- Det der vil du angra på. ― You will regret that.
References
edit- “vilja” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Norse
editEtymology 1
editFrom Proto-Germanic *wiljaną (“to want”), from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁- (“to want, choose”). Compare Old English willan, Old Frisian willa, Old Saxon willian, Old High German wellen, Gothic 𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (wiljan).
Verb
editvilja (singular past indicative vildi, plural past indicative vildu, past participle viljat)
- to want
Usage notes
edit- Along with only two other verbs (munu and skulu), vilja has a special past tense infinitive. It is equal to the third person plural past tense vildu. This rare form is mostly used when the verb of the main clause also is in the past tense.
Conjugation
editinfinitive | vilja | |
---|---|---|
present participle | viljandi | |
past participle | viljat | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | vil | vilda |
2nd-person singular | vill, vilt | vildir |
3rd-person singular | vill | vildi |
1st-person plural | viljum | vildum |
2nd-person plural | vilið | vilduð |
3rd-person plural | vilja | vildu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | vila | vilda |
2nd-person singular | vilir | vildir |
3rd-person singular | vili | vildi |
1st-person plural | vilim | vildim |
2nd-person plural | vilið | vildið |
3rd-person plural | vili | vildi |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | - | |
1st-person plural | - | |
2nd-person plural | - |
Descendants
editEtymology 2
editNoun
editvilja
- inflection of vili:
References
edit- “vilja”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Swedish
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Swedish vili, vilie, from Old Norse vili, from Proto-Germanic *wiljô.
Noun
editvilja c
Declension
editAlternative forms
editRelated terms
editDescendants
edit- → Elfdalian: wila f
Etymology 2
editFrom Old Swedish vilia, from Old Norse vilja, from Proto-Germanic *wiljaną, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-.
Verb
editvilja (present vill, preterite ville, supine velat)
- to want, desire
- De vill att vi hjälper dem att måla huset
- They want us to help them paint the house
- Jag vill klappa en gullig kanin
- I want to pet a cute rabbit
- Vill du ha kaffe eller te?
- Do you want coffee or tea?
- Jag vill hem
- I want (to go) home
- 1917 translation, the Bible, Deuteronomy (Femte Mosebok), 1:26
- Men I villen icke draga ditupp, utan voren gensträviga mot HERRENS, eder Guds, befallning.
- Notwithstanding ye would not go up, but rebelled against the commandment of the LORD your God.
- (rare) to intend, be going to, will
- Det vill komma till dig, när du är gammal nog.
- It will come to you, when you are old enough.
Usage notes
edit- Used with verbs in the infinitive, without infinitive marker ("att"). However note that there may be a conjunction "att" (in the sense of "that") following right after. The first example is a case in point, which could be interpreted as They want that we help them or, more naturally, They want us to help them.
- Unlike wanting to do something ("I want to eat") and wanting something to happen ("I want you to eat"), wanting an object is expressed with vilja in combination with ha ("have"). Thus "I want food" is said Jag vill ha mat (not Jag vill mat). Put another way, wanting to have (ha) is not a special case in Swedish, and needs to be specified.
- Often used with an implied gå (“walk”), åka (“drive”), följa (“follow”), or the like. See ska, which works identically.
Conjugation
editActive | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | vilja | — | ||
Supine | velat | — | ||
Imperative | — | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | — | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | vill | ville | — | — |
Ind. plural1 | vilja | ville | — | — |
Subjunctive2 | vilje | ville | — | — |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | viljande | |||
Past participle | — | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- Estonian non-lemma forms
- Estonian noun forms
- Faroese terms derived from Old Norse
- Faroese terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Faroese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Faroese lemmas
- Faroese verbs
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/iljɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/iljɑ/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish terms with archaic senses
- Finnish dialectal terms
- Finnish kala-type nominals
- Finnish adjectives
- Finnish rare terms
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪlja
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪlja/2 syllables
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic preterite-present verbs
- Icelandic terms with usage examples
- Most used Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic auxiliary verbs
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ilj
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ilj/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Ingrian/iljɑ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/iljɑ/2 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian nouns
- Ingrian terms with quotations
- izh:Foods
- izh:Grasses
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk verbs
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with usage examples
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse irregular verbs
- Old Norse non-lemma forms
- Old Norse noun forms
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Swedish terms with audio pronunciation
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Swedish verbs
- Swedish terms with usage examples
- Swedish terms with quotations
- Swedish terms with rare senses
- Swedish irregular verbs
- Swedish auxiliary verbs