Wiktionary

za

See also: Appendix:Variations of "za"
Languages (34)
Translingual • English
Azerbaijani • Czech • French • Friulian • Hadza • Isthmus Zapotec • Japanese • Kalasha • Kashubian • Lower Sorbian • Mandarin • Mezquital Otomi • Northern Ndebele • Nupe • Old Czech • Old Polish • Polish • Rwanda-Rundi • Serbo-Croatian • Sicilian • Silesian • Slovak • Slovene • Slovincian • Spanish • Sumerian • Swahili • Tedim Chin • Volapük • Xhosa • Zou • Zulu
Page categories

Translingual

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Symbol

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za

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Zhuang.

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology 1

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Shortened from pizza.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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za (countable and uncountable, plural zas)

  1. (US, Canada, slang) Pizza.
    • 1994, Sara Borins, The Real Guide to Canadian Universities, →ISBN, page 130:
      In fact, not ordering a SUB or ZA (pizza) is almost impossible since places to eat in Sackville include Subway (subs), Ed's (subs), Joey's (subs and za), Pizza Delight (mostly za), The Snack Shop (subs and za) and One Plus One (subs and za).
    • 2006, Lee Simon, The restaurant dream?: an inside look at restaurant development, from concept to reality, →ISBN, page 44:
      But Chris, using some of his dated terminology, insisted that he wanted "za" for dinner. Back when Chris was a youngster in college, "za" was short for pizza--as if pizza were a lengthy word needing abbreviating.
    • 2010, Jim Butcher, Turn Coat:
      They call me the Za-Lord.
Translations
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Etymology 2

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From an apheretic pronunciation of exotic. Compare zaza (“exotic marijuana”).

Noun

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za (uncountable)

  1. (slang) Exotic marijuana.
    Synonyms: see Thesaurus:marijuana
    • 2021 April 23, “Just Say Det”, in A Gangsta's Pain‎[1], performed by Moneybagg Yo:
      Give me some Za, Percs, drank (Wow) / Lambo starburst paint (Wow)
    • 2021 December 3, “What They Gon Say”‎[2]performed by Ron Suno:
      I'm off the za, I'm smoking opps / He tryna run, he catch a shot (Boom)
    • 2023 April 3, “A2Z/Euphoria 2”‎[3]performed by BabyTron:
      Heavy on the za, but with the shrooms, I'm micro dosin' / Got the mini K up in the goose, I'm micro coatin'

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Article

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za

  1. Nonstandard spelling of the, mimicking foreign accents.
    Synonym: ze

Etymology 4

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From an apheretic pronunciation of wossat or (directly) of what's that.

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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za

  1. An expression of surprise or confusion; compare wha, huh, eh.
    • 2022 May 11, Dan Shive, El Goonish Shive (webcomic), Comic for Wednesday, May 11, 2022:
      "Really, the best evidence that Liam was under mind control is that everyone here is still alive." "Za?"

References

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Azerbaijani

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic ظَاء (ẓāʔ).

Noun

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za (definite accusative zanı, plural zalar)

  1. the Arabic letter ظ

Declension

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    Declension of za
singular plural
nominative za
 zalar
definite accusative zanı
 zaları
dative zaya
 zalara
locative zada
 zalarda
ablative zadan
 zalardan
definite genitive zanın
 zaların
    Possessive forms of za
nominative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) zam zalarım
sənin (“your”) zan zaların
onun (“his/her/its”) zası zaları
bizim (“our”) zamız zalarımız
sizin (“your”) zanız zalarınız
onların (“their”) zası or zaları zaları
accusative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) zamı zalarımı
sənin (“your”) zanı zalarını
onun (“his/her/its”) zasını zalarını
bizim (“our”) zamızı zalarımızı
sizin (“your”) zanızı zalarınızı
onların (“their”) zasını or zalarını zalarını
dative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) zama zalarıma
sənin (“your”) zana zalarına
onun (“his/her/its”) zasına zalarına
bizim (“our”) zamıza zalarımıza
sizin (“your”) zanıza zalarınıza
onların (“their”) zasına or zalarına zalarına
locative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) zamda zalarımda
sənin (“your”) zanda zalarında
onun (“his/her/its”) zasında zalarında
bizim (“our”) zamızda zalarımızda
sizin (“your”) zanızda zalarınızda
onların (“their”) zasında or zalarında zalarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) zamdan zalarımdan
sənin (“your”) zandan zalarından
onun (“his/her/its”) zasından zalarından
bizim (“our”) zamızdan zalarımızdan
sizin (“your”) zanızdan zalarınızdan
onların (“their”) zasından or zalarından zalarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim (“my”) zamın zalarımın
sənin (“your”) zanın zalarının
onun (“his/her/its”) zasının zalarının
bizim (“our”) zamızın zalarımızın
sizin (“your”) zanızın zalarınızın
onların (“their”) zasının or zalarının zalarının

Further reading

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  • “za” in Obastan.com.

Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Czech za, from Proto-Slavic *za.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈza]
  • Audio:(file)

Preposition

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za [with accusative]

  1. behind (movement) (to a place behind)
    sednout si za volant ― to sit down behind the wheel
    Schoval jsem se za auto. ― I hid behind the car.
  2. by (to grab by, to take by) (denotes the object being grabbed)
    Smím tě vzít za ruku? ― Can I hold your hand?
  3. in (time taken) (after time elapsed)
    Sejdeme se tady za dvě hodiny. ― Let's meet back here in two hours.
    Za celou dobu, co jsem ji znala, se ani nepodívala na jiného chlapa. ― For as long as I've known her, she never even looked at another man.
  4. for (amount accumulated during a certain period)
    údaje za leden 2022 ― data for January 2022
  5. for (in exchange of / in return for) (e.g. price)
    Kolik dolarů dostanu za 100 korun? ― How many dollars will I get for 100 crowns?
  6. for (struggle/fight for)
    boj za nezávislost ― struggle for independence
  7. on behalf of, for
    za vládu ― on behalf of the government
  8. (responsible) for
    Kdo za to odpovídá? ― Who is responsible for that? / Who is behind that?
  9. for (apologize for / grateful for)
    Se omlouvám za to, co jsem včera řekl. ― I apologize for what I said yesterday.
    Jsem vděčný za příležitost. ― I'm grateful for the opportunity.
  10. for, in favor of
    Je za trest smrti. ― He is in favor of the death penalty.
  11. as (consider as, recognize as)
    Pokládali jsme ho za přítele. ― We considered him a friend.
  12. per
    100 km za hodinu ― 100 km per hour

Preposition

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za [with instrumental]

  1. behind, beyond (location)
    Zahrada je za domem. ― The garden is behind the house.
  2. after
    den za dnem ― day after day
    Běžel za ním. ― He ran after him.
    Pojď za mnou. ― Follow me. (Come after me).
  3. behind (figuratively: in support)
    Všichni stojíme za vámi. ― We're all behind you.
  4. behind (indicating the cause)
    Ona je za tím vším? ― She is behind all this?

Preposition

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za [with genitive]

  1. during (during the time of)
    Brali jsme se za války. ― We got married during the war.
    Telefonovala za jízdy. ― She was talking on the phone while she was driving.

Antonyms

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Further reading

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  • “za”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • “za”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • “za”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

French

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Noun

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za

  1. (obsolete, music) solfège syllable formerly used to represent B flat

Friulian

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Alternative forms

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  • ğa (alternative orthography)

Etymology

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From Latin iam. Compare Italian già.

Adverb

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za

  1. already
    Synonym: biel

Derived terms

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Hadza

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Etymology

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  • Bantu, cf. Isanzu -za 'to come'

Pronunciation

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Verb

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za

  1. to come
    Synonym: botcho

Isthmus Zapotec

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Noun

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za

  1. cloud

Japanese

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Romanization

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za

  1. The hiragana syllable ざ (za) or the katakana syllable ザ (za) in Hepburn romanization.

Kalasha

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Noun

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za

  1. sauce, curry, gravy, stew

Kashubian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *za. Sense 1 is a semantic loan from Polish za.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈza/
  • Rhymes: -a
  • Syllabification: za

Preposition

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za

  1. in, during [with genitive]
  2. behind, beyond, after denotes location [with instrumental]
  3. behind, beyond denotes movement [with accusative]

Particle

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za

  2. overly, excessively, too
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prefix

Further reading

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  • Stefan Ramułt (1893) “za”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 258
  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “za”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎[4]
  • “za”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Lower Sorbian

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Alternative forms

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  • sa (obsolete)

Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *za.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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za

  1. for [with accusative]
    Žarim za nowy kompjuter. ― I’m saving for a new computer.
    Mam list za tebje. ― I have a letter for you.
    Wóna jo za amt kandiděrowała. ― She ran for an office.
    Něnto pokuśim za swóje zmólki. ― I’m paying for my mistakes now.
    Ja som raz za njogo źěłał. ― I used to work for him.
    Smej awto za 200 euro kupiłej. ― We bought a car for 200 euros.
    Za ten lětny cas jo južo pśeliš górucy. ― It’s already too hot for this time of year.
  2. in (after a period of time) [with accusative]
    Buźom tam za pěś minuty. ― I’ll be there in five minutes.
  3. behind (goal-oriented) [with accusative]
    Wón jo šeł za dom. ― He went behind the house.
  4. behind (stationary location) [with instrumental]
    Wón stoj za domom. ― He’s standing behind the house.

Mandarin

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Romanization

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za

  1. Nonstandard spelling of zā.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of zǎ.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of zá.

Usage notes

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  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Mezquital Otomi

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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zǎ

  1. tree
  2. wood
  3. stick
  4. firewood

Derived terms

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References

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  • Andrews, Enriqueta (1950) Vocabulario otomí de Tasquillo, Hidalgo‎[5] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, pages 40, 46, 63, 70
  • Hernández Cruz, Luis, Victoria Torquemada, Moisés (2010) Diccionario del hñähñu (otomí) del Valle del Mezquital, estado de Hidalgo (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 45)‎[6] (in Spanish), second edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 397

Northern Ndebele

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *-jìja.

Verb

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-za

  1. (intransitive) to come

Inflection

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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Nupe

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Etymology

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Clipping of ezà

Pronunciation

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Noun

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zà (plural zàzhì)

  1. Alternative form of ezà (“person; individual”)

Old Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *za.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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za

  1. in, during [with genitive]
  2. behind, beyond denotes movement [with accusative]
  3. for, as, being
  4. in, after with time constructions [with accusative]
  5. behind denotes location [with instrumental]

Descendants

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  • Czech: za

References

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Old Polish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *za. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /za(ː)/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /za/, /zɒ/

Preposition

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za

  1. (attested in Masovia) denotes location where an action is directed toward [with accusative]
  2. denotes movement to a location behind something behind [with accusative]
  3. denotes general location by, at [with accusative]
  4. denotes distance behind [with accusative]
    • 1930 [c. 1455], “IV Reg”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)‎[10], section 20,11:
      Naywodl cyen pan po tich rzøtkoch, gymysz ivsz bil sstøpyl na orloiv Achasowu zasyø za dzesyøcz slopyenyow (retrorsum decem gradibus)
      [Nawiodł cień Pan po tych rządkoch, jimiż już był zstąpił na orłoju Achasowu zasię za dzesięć słopieniow (retrorsum decem gradibus)]
  5. (attested in Greater Poland) denotes location of grabbing or contact by [with accusative]
    • 1974 [1405], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kaliskie‎[11], volume IV, number 131, Kalisz:
      Yaco Yan... rwal gi sza wlosi
      [Jako Jan... rwał ji za włosy]
  6. (attested in Lesser Poland) denotes how long an action occurs for [with accusative]
    • c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie‎[12], Miechów, page cv 41:
      Taco tih crolew [syn boży żądnie tam] o chacal, ize za trinadesce dny ot narodena gih […]
      [Tako tych krolew [Syn Boży żądnie tam]o czakał, iże za trzynadzieście dni ot narodzenia jich […] ]
  7. (attested in Greater Poland) denotes length after which an action will begin in [with accusative or instrumental]
    • 1967 [1408], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kościańskie, volume III, number 376, Kościan:
      Jaco Potrasz Iandrzeya ne wranczil do pana santoczskego w pancz grziwen, ale za dve nedzeli na postauene
      [Jako Piotrasz Jędrzeja nie wręczył do pana Sątocskiego w pięć grzywien, ale za dwie niedzieli na postawienie]
  8. denotes position in time relative to a certain moment before
    • 1877-1881 [1464], Władysław Wisłocki, editor, Katalog rękopisów Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, number 783:
      Ale ya thesch mlodzyenyecz we szyrzoda wthora za Popyelecz przed obyadem pyszma dokonal
      [Ale ja też młodzieniec we śrzodę wtorą za Popielec przed obiadem pisma dokonał]
  9. (attested in Masovia) denotes frequency of payment for; per [with accusative]
    • 1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 47:
      Aby... pyenyądzi szwych poszyczayącz, nye wyączey za kaszdy thydzen (pro qualibet septimana) wszącz myely, nyszly tylko geną qwartą
      [Aby... pieniędzy swych pożyczając, nie więcej za każdy tydzień (pro qualibet septimana) wziąć mieli, niżli (czy niźli) tylko jeną kwartę]
  10. (attested in Lesser Poland) with an ordinal number; denotes which time in a sequence; for the _ time [with accusative]
    Synonym: po
    • 1895 [Fifteenth century], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich. Kodeks Działyńskich I‎[13], Lesser Poland, page 58:
      Acz... w lesye drwa kv swemv poszythkv rąbal, ten, czyg lyas gest, za pyrwe ma wzącz syekyrą, za wtore syekyrą, plascz y suknya, za trzecze woly abo konye ma wzącz
      [Acz... w lesie drwa ku swemu pożytku rąbał, ten, czyj las jest, za pirwe ma wziąć siekirę, za wtore siekirę, płaszcz i suknią, za trzecie woły abo konie ma wziąć]
  11. used in verb government [with accusative or instrumental]
  12. (attested in Masovia, Silesia) denotes benefactive action for [with accusative or instrumental]
    • 1937 [Second half of the 15th century], Józef Birkenmajer, editor, Bogarodzica dziewica. Analiza tekstu, treści i formy‎[14], number C, Warsaw:
      O swyathy Voczyesze..., prosz sza nasz gospodna
      [O święty Wociesze..., proś za nas Gospodna]
    • 1937 [End of the 15th century–beginning of the 16th century], Józef Birkenmajer, editor, Bogarodzica dziewica. Analiza tekstu, treści i formy‎[15], number E, Cieszyn:
      O swyathy Voczyesze..., prosz sza nasz gospodna
      [O święty Wociesze..., proś za nas Gospodna]
  13. (attested in Lesser Poland) denotes function or similarity as; for
  14. (attested in Greater Poland) denotes cost for [with accusative]
    • 1959 [1387], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 22, Poznań:
      Jaco ten scot, czso gy ranczil Prandotha Maczeyewy, ten stal za szecz grziwen
      [Jako ten skot, czso ji ręczył Prędota Maciejewi, ten stał za szeć grzywien]
  15. (attested in Lesser Poland) denotes replacement with, for [with accusative]
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎[18], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page 108:
      Za to (pro eo), by mø mylowaly, wwloczyly sø mne
      [Za to (pro eo), by mię miłowali, uwłoczyli są mnie]
  16. (attested in Lesser Poland) denotes cause because of [with accusative or instrumental]
    • c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskie‎[19], Miechów, page cr 17:
      S taynego sircha [strumienie gor]skich slez za grehi uilige
      [Z tajnego sirca [strumienie gor]skich słez za grzechy wylije]
  17. (attested in Masovia) denotes manner [with accusative or instrumental]
  18. (attested in Lesser Poland) denotes aim or goal for [with accusative]
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎[20], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page Ath 36:
      Genze cyrpal gest za zbawyenye nasze (pro salute nostra)
      [Jenże cirpiał jest za zbawienie nasze (pro salute nostra)]
  19. (attested in Greater Poland) denotes position behind something behind [with instrumental]
    • 1981 [1403], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, t. V, A. Roty gnieźnieńskie, s. 76-274, number 125, Gniezno:
      Yaco Jarochna... rosipala copcze s prawem vsute a za timi kopczi vczinila dwadzeszcza grziwen scodi Zacharzewi, poszegwszi domi y dzena
      [Jako Jarochna... rozsypała kopce z prawem usute a za tymi kopcy uczyniła dwadzieścia grzywien szkody Zacharzewi, pożegwszy domy i dzienia]
  20. denotes the leader or causer of an action
    • 1861 [1398], Pismo poświęcone naukom, sztukom i przemysłowi‎[21], volume III, Biblioteka Warszawska, page 34:
      Tedi poslali comornika hy vosnego... prossącz gych prze bok, aby gim othpuscili przissangą hy kgnew pirwey, nisli posli hy ius copczi począti snamonowacz za nimi
      [Tedy posłali komornika hi woźnego... prosząc jich prze Bog, aby jim otpuścili przysięgę hi [k]gniew pirwej, niżli (czy niźli) poszli hi już kopcy poczęty snamionować za nimi]
  21. (attested in Lesser Poland) denotes connection with someone with [with instrumental]
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎[22], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page 62,8:
      Przistala iest dusza moia za tobø (adhaesit... post te)
      [Przystała jest dusza moja za tobą (adhaesit... post te)]
  22. (attested in Greater Poland) denotes when something occurs at, during [with instrumental or genitive]
    • 1888 [1404], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV‎[23], Greater Poland, page 118:
      Iacom Maczeya ne szyndowal swym pomocznykem za dnem any za noczø korzystnø rzeczø
      [Jakom Macieja nie szyndował swym pomocnikiem za dniem ani za nocą korzystną rzeczą]
  23. (attested in Greater Poland) based on [with instrumental]
    • 1888 [1402], Romuald Hube, editor, Zbiór rot przysiąg sądowych poznańskich, kościańskich, kaliskich, sieradzkich, piotrkowskich i dobrzyszyckich z końca wieku XIV i pierwszych lat wieku XV‎[24], Greater Poland, page 101:
      Eze Groth yma trzi grziwni y osm groszi na Cusszowey czøsczi y za nim szedzi i plat yemu ma placzicz
      [Eże Grot ima trzy grzywny i ośm groszy na Kuszowej części i za nim siedzi i płat jemu ma płacić]
  24. (attested in Greater Poland) denotes actions occurring alongside other actions [with instrumental]
    • 1967 [1424], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kościańskie, volume III, number 1064, Kościan:
      Iaco kedy *nyeprzyeczele byezeli w zemya a [a] sskodzyly zemyą a kyedy pan Barthoss byezal za pogonem..., tedy nye slal do domv pana Gila, aby byezal za nyeprzyaczelmy
      [Jako kiedy nieprzyjaciele bieżeli w ziemię a [a] szkodzili ziemię a kiedy pan Bartosz bieżał za pogonem..., tedy nie słał do domu pana Gila, aby bieżał za nieprzyjacielmi]
  25. (attested in Lesser Poland) denotes object of payment for work [with instrumental]
    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎[25], Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], page Ann 7:
      Napelneny pyrzwey, za chlebmy sø se posadzely (pro panibus se locaverunt I Reg 2, 5)
      [Napełnieni pirzwej, za chlebmi są sie posadzieli (pro panibus se locaverunt I Reg 2, 5)]
  26. (attested in Greater Poland) denotes an accompanying object
    • 1974 [1402], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty kaliskie‎[26], volume IV, number 52, Kalisz:
      Kedi[by] mi ne dal tego lista, tedibi mi swog mal na sø dacz sza swø peczanczø
      [Kiedy[by] mi nie dał tego lista, tedyby mi swoj miał na się dać za swą pieczęcią]

Postposition

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za

  1. The meaning of this term is uncertain.
    • 1959 [1398], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 381, Poznań:
      Yssze Marczin ne odmouil Yana szoltisa od rok za swego pana za Wolwrama
      [Iże Marcin nie odmowił Jana sołtysa od rok za swego pana za Wolframa]

Particle

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za

  1. (attested in Masovia) interrogative particle: introduces a yes-no question
    Synonym: azali
  2. (attested in Greater Poland) combines with interrogatigives to mean what kind (of)
    • 1858 [c. 1408], Wojciech Szurkowski z Ponieca, “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. "Ortyls"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, Poniec, page 26:
      Czo za prawo myedzy thema dwema?
      [Co za prawo miedzy tema dwiema?]

Derived terms

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adverbs
prefix

Descendants

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  • Polish: za
  • Silesian: za

References

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  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “za”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish za.

Pronunciation

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  • Audio 1:(file)
  • Audio 2:(file)
  • Audio 3:(file)
  • Rhymes: -a
  • Syllabification: za

Particle

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za

  1. overly, excessively, too
    Synonym: zbyt
    Ta koszula jest dla mnie za mała. ― This shirt is too small for me.

Trivia

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According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), za (particle) is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 1 time in scientific texts, 0 times in news, 0 times in essays, 8 times in fiction, and 59 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 68 times, making it the 957th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

Preposition

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za

  1. behind, beyond, after denotes location [with instrumental]
    Dzieci schowały się za murem. ― The children hid behind the wall.
    Skręć w prawo tuż za restauracją. ― Turn right just after the restaurant.
  2. behind indicates the cause of something [with instrumental]
    Ciekawe, co kryje się za jej dziwnym zachowaniem. ― I wonder what's behind her strange behaviour.
  3. for, in favour of [with instrumental]
    Jestem za strajkiem. ― I am in favour of the strike.
    Czy ona jest za naszym pomysłem? ― Is she for our idea?
  4. after later in time or sequence [with instrumental]
    Synonym: po
    godzina za godziną ― hour after hour
  5. behind, beyond denotes movement [with accusative]
    Wyjeżdżamy za granicę na kilka dni. ― We're going abroad for a few days. (literally, “We're going beyond the border for a few days.”)
  6. by denotes the object being grabbed [with accusative]
    Trzymać kogoś za rękę. ― To hold someone by the hand.
  7. in, to with time constructions [with accusative]
    Za miesiąc będę miał 25 lat. ― In a month I'll be 25 years old.
    za pięć szósta ― five (minutes) to six
  8. for, in return for [with accusative]
    On był wdzięczny za naszą pomoc. ― He was grateful for our help.
    Ile zapłaciłeś za to? ― How much did you pay for this?
  9. in, during [with genitive]
    za starych czasów ― in olden times/in olden times
    za królowej Wiktorii ― during Queen Victoria's reign

Derived terms

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conjunctions
adverbs
particles
pronouns
verbs

Trivia

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According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), za (particle) is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 170 times in scientific texts, 192 times in news, 226 times in essays, 412 times in fiction, and 336 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 1336 times, making it the 30th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[2]

References

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  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “za (particle)”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 723
  2. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “za (particle)”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 723

Further reading

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  • za in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • za in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • “ZA_I”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 06.07.2009
  • “ZA_II”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 06.07.2009
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “za”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “za”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1927), “za”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 8, Warsaw, page 6

Rwanda-Rundi

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *-jìja.

Verb

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-za (infinitive kūza, perfective -je)

  1. to come

Usage notes

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Both the present and perfective stems cause the preceding vowel to be lengthened.

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *za.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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za (Cyrillic spelling за)

  1. for (expressing a reason) [with accusative]
    glasati za nekoga ― to vote for somebody
    prodati nešto za 100 dolara ― to sell something for a hundred dollars
    platiti za radoznalost ― to pay for one's curiosity
    bojati se za nekoga ― to fear for somebody
    doći kući za praznike ― to come home for the holiday season
  2. behind, in back of, at (without change of position, answering the question gdjȅ/gdȅ) [with instrumental]
    sjediti/sedeti za stolom ― to sit at the table
    Idi za mnom. ― Follow me. (Go behind me.)
  3. during [with genitive]
    za dana ― during the day, during daylight
    za života ― during one's life
    za vr(ij)eme rata ― during the war
  4. to, toward [with accusative]
    cesta za Beč ― the road to Vienna
    putovati za Beč ― to travel to Vienna
  5. in (in expressions with time) [with accusative]
    doći opet za nekoliko dana ― to come back in a few days
    pretrčati 100 metara za 9 sekundi ― to run 100 meters in 9 seconds
  6. by [with accusative]
    uzeti za ruku ― to take by the hand
    uhvatiti za ruku ― to grab by the arm
    vući za uši ― to pull by the ears
  7. for, as (with verbs denoting naming, appointing, declaring, considering, etc.) [with accusative]
    postaviti nekoga za preds(j)ednika ― to appoint somebody president
    držati nekoga za pametnog čov(j)eka ― to consider somebody a smart person
  8. after [with instrumental]
    jedan za drugim ― one after another
    praviti grešku za greškom ― to make one error after another; to make errors repeatedly
    Ponovite za mnom. ― Repeat after me.
  9. for [with instrumental]
    tugovati za nekim ― to grieve for somebody
    čeznuti za srećom ― to yearn for happiness
    Ljudi koji svakodnevno imaju potrebu za čokoladnim stvarima. ― People who have a daily need for chocolate stuff.
    Često se misli da je želja za određenom vrstom hrane psihološke prirode. ― It is often thought that the desire for certain type of food is of psychological nature.

Sicilian

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Etymology

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From Late Latin thia, from Ancient Greek θεία (theía).

Noun

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za

  1. aunt
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Silesian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Polish za.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈza/
  • Rhymes: -a
  • Syllabification: za

Preposition

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za

  1. denotes location; behind [with instrumental]
  2. denotes movement; behind, beyond [with instrumental]
  3. denotes period; in, during [with genitive]
  4. denotes object of emotions; for [with instrumental]
  5. denotes object of exchange; for [with accusative]
  6. denotes source or cause; for [with genitive]
  7. denotes desired object; for [with accusative]
  8. denotes time; in [with accusative]
    Synonym: po
  9. with repeated nouns; denotes time after [with instrumental]
    Synonym: po
    dziyń za dniym ― day after day
  10. denotes location not within; outside [with instrumental]
    Synonyms: pod, poza
    Antonym: w
  11. with an ordinal number and rŏz for (the Xth time) [with instrumental]
    Synonym: po
  12. indicates amount; for [with accusative]
  13. used to denote elapsing time; in [with accusative]
  14. denotes profession. [with accusative]
  15. denotes a trait; for, as [with accusative]
edit
prefix

Further reading

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  • za in dykcjonorz.eu
  • za in silling.org

Slovak

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *za.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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za

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Further reading

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  • “za”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024

Slovene

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Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *za.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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za

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}. [with genitive]
  2. behind (stationary) [with instrumental]
  3. after, following (in time) [with instrumental]
  4. behind (motion to) [with accusative]
  5. for [with accusative]

Further reading

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  • “za”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024

Slovincian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *za.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈza/
  • Rhymes: -a
  • Syllabification: za

Preposition

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za [with case]

  1. denotes movement; behind, beyond [with accusative]
  2. denotes object being grabbed; by [with accusative]
  3. denotes time after which something happens; in [with accusative]
  4. denotes object of defense, help, etc.; for [with accusative]
  5. denotes object of exchange; for [with accusative]
  6. denotes aim or object of determination; for [with accusative]
  7. denotes manner of buying and selling; for [with accusative]
  8. denotes location; behind [with instrumental]
  9. denotes object of desire; for [with instrumental]

Derived terms

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prepositions
pronouns
prefixes

Further reading

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Spanish

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Interjection

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za (¡za!)

  1. (usually said to an animal) scat, get out of here, shoo

Further reading

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Sumerian

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Romanization

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za

  1. Romanization of 𒍝 (za)

Swahili

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Other scripts
Ajami زَـ

Particle

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za

  1. N class inflected form of -a (plural only).

Tedim Chin

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Etymology

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From Proto-Kuki-Chin *yan, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-r-gya.

Numeral

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za

  1. hundred

References

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  • Zomi Ordbog based on the work of D.L. Haokip

Volapük

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Etymology

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From Latin circa (“around”) and its descendants, ultimately from Ancient Greek κρίκος (kríkos, “ring”).

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /t͡sa/

Preposition

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za

  1. around, about, approximately, circa

See also

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  • dö (“about, of, concerning”)

Xhosa

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *-jìja.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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-za

  1. (intransitive) to come

Inflection

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This verb needs an inflection-table template.

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Zou

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Etymology

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From Proto-Kuki-Chin *yan, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-r-gya.

Numeral

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za

  1. hundred

References

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  • Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University

Zulu

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Etymology

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From Proto-Bantu *-jìja.

Pronunciation

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IPA(key): /za/

Verb

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-za

  1. (intransitive) to come

Inflection

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Tone L, latent i
Infinitive ukuza
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukuza ukungezi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular yiza -ze
Plural yizani -zeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyeza, ngiza engizayo, engiza ngiza angizi engingezi ngingezi
2nd singular uyeza, uza ozayo, oza uza awuzi ongezi ungezi
1st plural siyeza, siza esizayo, esiza siza asizi esingezi singezi
2nd plural niyeza, niza enizayo, eniza niza anizi eningezi ningezi
Class 1 uyeza, uza ozayo, oza eza akezi ongezi engezi
Class 2 bayeza, beza abezayo, abeza beza abezi abangezi bengezi
Class 3 uyeza, uza ozayo, oza uza awuzi ongezi ungezi
Class 4 iyeza, iza ezayo, eza iza ayizi engezi ingezi
Class 5 liyeza, liza elizayo, eliza liza alizi elingezi lingezi
Class 6 ayeza, eza ezayo, eza eza awezi angezi engezi
Class 7 siyeza, siza esizayo, esiza siza asizi esingezi singezi
Class 8 ziyeza, ziza ezizayo, eziza ziza azizi ezingezi zingezi
Class 9 iyeza, iza ezayo, eza iza ayizi engezi ingezi
Class 10 ziyeza, ziza ezizayo, eziza ziza azizi ezingezi zingezi
Class 11 luyeza, luza oluzayo, oluza luza aluzi olungezi lungezi
Class 14 buyeza, buza obuzayo, obuza buza abuzi obungezi bungezi
Class 15 kuyeza, kuza okuzayo, okuza kuza akuzi okungezi kungezi
Class 17 kuyeza, kuza okuzayo, okuza kuza akuzi okungezi kungezi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizile, ngizē engizile, engizē ngizile, ngizē angizanga engingezanga ngingezanga
2nd singular uzile, uzē ozile, ozē uzile, uzē awuzanga ongezanga ungezanga
1st plural sizile, sizē esizile, esizē sizile, sizē asizanga esingezanga singezanga
2nd plural nizile, nizē enizile, enizē nizile, nizē anizanga eningezanga ningezanga
Class 1 uzile, uzē ozile, ozē ezile, ezē akezanga ongezanga engezanga
Class 2 bezile, bezē abezile, abezē bezile, bezē abezanga abangezanga bengezanga
Class 3 uzile, uzē ozile, ozē uzile, uzē awuzanga ongezanga ungezanga
Class 4 izile, izē ezile, ezē izile, izē ayizanga engezanga ingezanga
Class 5 lizile, lizē elizile, elizē lizile, lizē alizanga elingezanga lingezanga
Class 6 ezile, ezē ezile, ezē ezile, ezē awezanga angezanga engezanga
Class 7 sizile, sizē esizile, esizē sizile, sizē asizanga esingezanga singezanga
Class 8 zizile, zizē ezizile, ezizē zizile, zizē azizanga ezingezanga zingezanga
Class 9 izile, izē ezile, ezē izile, izē ayizanga engezanga ingezanga
Class 10 zizile, zizē ezizile, ezizē zizile, zizē azizanga ezingezanga zingezanga
Class 11 luzile, luzē oluzile, oluzē luzile, luzē aluzanga olungezanga lungezanga
Class 14 buzile, buzē obuzile, obuzē buzile, buzē abuzanga obungezanga bungezanga
Class 15 kuzile, kuzē okuzile, okuzē kuzile, kuzē akuzanga okungezanga kungezanga
Class 17 kuzile, kuzē okuzile, okuzē kuzile, kuzē akuzanga okungezanga kungezanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāza engāza ngāza angizanga engingezanga ngingezanga
2nd singular wāza owāza wāza awuzanga ongezanga ungezanga
1st plural sāza esāza sāza asizanga esingezanga singezanga
2nd plural nāza enāza nāza anizanga eningezanga ningezanga
Class 1 wāza owāza āza akezanga ongezanga engezanga
Class 2 bāza abāza bāza abezanga abangezanga bengezanga
Class 3 wāza owāza wāza awuzanga ongezanga ungezanga
Class 4 yāza eyāza yāza ayizanga engezanga ingezanga
Class 5 lāza elāza lāza alizanga elingezanga lingezanga
Class 6 āza āza āza awezanga angezanga engezanga
Class 7 sāza esāza sāza asizanga esingezanga singezanga
Class 8 zāza ezāza zāza azizanga ezingezanga zingezanga
Class 9 yāza eyāza yāza ayizanga engezanga ingezanga
Class 10 zāza ezāza zāza azizanga ezingezanga zingezanga
Class 11 lwāza olwāza lwāza aluzanga olungezanga lungezanga
Class 14 bāza obāza bāza abuzanga obungezanga bungezanga
Class 15 kwāza okwāza kwāza akuzanga okungezanga kungezanga
Class 17 kwāza okwāza kwāza akuzanga okungezanga kungezanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingeza — ngingeza ngingeze — ngingeze
2nd singular ungeza — ungeza ungeze — ungeze
1st plural singeza — singeza singeze — singeze
2nd plural ningeza — ningeza ningeze — ningeze
Class 1 angeza — engeza angeze — engeze
Class 2 bangeza — bengeza bangeze — bengeze
Class 3 ungeza — ungeza ungeze — ungeze
Class 4 ingeza — ingeza ingeze — ingeze
Class 5 lingeza — lingeza lingeze — lingeze
Class 6 angeza — engeza angeze — engeze
Class 7 singeza — singeza singeze — singeze
Class 8 zingeza — zingeza zingeze — zingeze
Class 9 ingeza — ingeza ingeze — ingeze
Class 10 zingeza — zingeza zingeze — zingeze
Class 11 lungeza — lungeza lungeze — lungeze
Class 14 bungeza — bungeza bungeze — bungeze
Class 15 kungeza — kungeza kungeze — kungeze
Class 17 kungeza — kungeza kungeze — kungeze
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizokuza engizokuza ngizokuza angizukuza engingezukuza ngingezukuza
2nd singular uzokuza ozokuza uzokuza awuzukuza ongezukuza ungezukuza
1st plural sizokuza esizokuza sizokuza asizukuza esingezukuza singezukuza
2nd plural nizokuza enizokuza nizokuza anizukuza eningezukuza ningezukuza
Class 1 uzokuza ozokuza ezokuza akazukuza ongezukuza engezukuza
Class 2 bazokuza abazokuza bezokuza abazukuza abangezukuza bengezukuza
Class 3 uzokuza ozokuza uzokuza awuzukuza ongezukuza ungezukuza
Class 4 izokuza ezokuza izokuza ayizukuza engezukuza ingezukuza
Class 5 lizokuza elizokuza lizokuza alizukuza elingezukuza lingezukuza
Class 6 azokuza azokuza ezokuza awazukuza angezukuza engezukuza
Class 7 sizokuza esizokuza sizokuza asizukuza esingezukuza singezukuza
Class 8 zizokuza ezizokuza zizokuza azizukuza ezingezukuza zingezukuza
Class 9 izokuza ezokuza izokuza ayizukuza engezukuza ingezukuza
Class 10 zizokuza ezizokuza zizokuza azizukuza ezingezukuza zingezukuza
Class 11 luzokuza oluzokuza luzokuza aluzukuza olungezukuza lungezukuza
Class 14 buzokuza obuzokuza buzokuza abuzukuza obungezukuza bungezukuza
Class 15 kuzokuza okuzokuza kuzokuza akuzukuza okungezukuza kungezukuza
Class 17 kuzokuza okuzokuza kuzokuza akuzukuza okungezukuza kungezukuza
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyokuza engiyokuza ngiyokuza angiyukuza engingeyukuza ngingeyukuza
2nd singular uyokuza oyokuza uyokuza awuyukuza ongeyukuza ungeyukuza
1st plural siyokuza esiyokuza siyokuza asiyukuza esingeyukuza singeyukuza
2nd plural niyokuza eniyokuza niyokuza aniyukuza eningeyukuza ningeyukuza
Class 1 uyokuza oyokuza eyokuza akayukuza ongeyukuza engeyukuza
Class 2 bayokuza abayokuza beyokuza abayukuza abangeyukuza bengeyukuza
Class 3 uyokuza oyokuza uyokuza awuyukuza ongeyukuza ungeyukuza
Class 4 iyokuza eyokuza iyokuza ayiyukuza engeyukuza ingeyukuza
Class 5 liyokuza eliyokuza liyokuza aliyukuza elingeyukuza lingeyukuza
Class 6 ayokuza ayokuza eyokuza awayukuza angeyukuza engeyukuza
Class 7 siyokuza esiyokuza siyokuza asiyukuza esingeyukuza singeyukuza
Class 8 ziyokuza eziyokuza ziyokuza aziyukuza ezingeyukuza zingeyukuza
Class 9 iyokuza eyokuza iyokuza ayiyukuza engeyukuza ingeyukuza
Class 10 ziyokuza eziyokuza ziyokuza aziyukuza ezingeyukuza zingeyukuza
Class 11 luyokuza oluyokuza luyokuza aluyukuza olungeyukuza lungeyukuza
Class 14 buyokuza obuyokuza buyokuza abuyukuza obungeyukuza bungeyukuza
Class 15 kuyokuza okuyokuza kuyokuza akuyukuza okungeyukuza kungeyukuza
Class 17 kuyokuza okuyokuza kuyokuza akuyukuza okungeyukuza kungeyukuza
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngize ngingezi
2nd singular uze ungezi
1st plural size singezi
2nd plural nize ningezi
Class 1 eze angezi
Class 2 beze bangezi
Class 3 uze ungezi
Class 4 ize ingezi
Class 5 lize lingezi
Class 6 eze angezi
Class 7 size singezi
Class 8 zize zingezi
Class 9 ize ingezi
Class 10 zize zingezi
Class 11 luze lungezi
Class 14 buze bungezi
Class 15 kuze kungezi
Class 17 kuze kungezi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngeza ngangeza, angeza, angangeza
2nd singular weza wangeza, aweza, awangeza
1st plural seza sangeza, aseza, asangeza
2nd plural neza nangeza, aneza, anangeza
Class 1 weza wangeza, akeza, akangeza
Class 2 beza bangeza, abeza, abangeza
Class 3 weza wangeza, aweza, awangeza
Class 4 yeza yangeza, ayeza, ayangeza
Class 5 leza langeza, aleza, alangeza
Class 6 eza angeza, aweza, awangeza
Class 7 seza sangeza, aseza, asangeza
Class 8 zeza zangeza, azeza, azangeza
Class 9 yeza yangeza, ayeza, ayangeza
Class 10 zeza zangeza, azeza, azangeza
Class 11 lweza lwangeza, alweza, alwangeza
Class 14 beza bangeza, abeza, abangeza
Class 15 kweza kwangeza, akweza, akwangeza
Class 17 kweza kwangeza, akweza, akwangeza
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References

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