View source for Dactylomys

{{Short description|Genus of mammals belonging to the spiny rat family of rodents}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| display_parents = 2
| taxon = Dactylomys
| authority = [[Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire|I. Geoffroy]], 1838
| type_species = ''[[Dactylomys dactylinus|Dactylomys typus]]''
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = 
''[[Dactylomys boliviensis]]''<br />
''[[Amazon bamboo rat|Dactylomys dactylinus]]''<br />
''[[Dactylomys peruanus]]''
| synonyms = 
'''''Lachnomys''''' Thomas, 1916
}}
[[File:AmazonBambooRat.JPG|thumb|]]

'''''Dactylomys''''' is the [[genus]] of [[South America]]n bamboo rats<ref name = MSW3>{{MSW3 Hystricognathi | id = 13400408 | page = 1576| heading = Genus ''Dactylomys''}}</ref> They are arboreal members of the family [[Echimyidae]].

==Systematics==
The genus name ''Dactylomys'' derives from the two [[Ancient Greek]] words {{wikt-lang|grc|δάκτυλος}} ({{grc-transl|δάκτυλος}}), meaning "finger", and {{wikt-lang|grc|μῦς}} ({{grc-transl|μῦς}}), meaning "mouse, rat",<ref>{{Cite book |title=Abrégé du dictionnaire grec français |last=Bailly |first=Anatole |date=1981-01-01 |publisher=Hachette |isbn=978-2010035289 |location=Paris |oclc=461974285 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tabularium.be/bailly/ |title=Greek-french dictionary online |last=Bailly |first=Anatole |website=www.tabularium.be |access-date=December 2, 2017}}</ref> and refers to the middle two digits especially elongated relative to lateral ones as observed in these rodents.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4aHLBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA880|title=Mammals of South America, Volume 2: Rodents|last1=Patton|first1=James L.|author-link=James L. Patton|last2=Pardiñas|first2=Ulyses F. J.|last3=D’Elía|first3=Guillermo|date=2015-03-09|page=880|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=9780226169576|language=en}}</ref>

The genus contains three species:
* ''[[Dactylomys boliviensis]]'' (Bolivian bamboo rat)
* ''[[Dactylomys dactylinus]]'' (Amazon bamboo rat)
* ''[[Dactylomys peruanus]]'' (Montane bamboo rat)

==Phylogeny==
''Dactylomys'' is a member of the [[Echimyini]] clade of [[arboreal]] Echimyidae rodents. The closest relative of ''Dactylomys'' is ''Olallamys'', and then ''Kannabateomys''. These South American bamboo rats share unique features and are grouped under the informal clade name of "Dactylomyines".<ref name="Fabre2016">{{Cite book|title=Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol 6. Lagomorphs and Rodents I|last1=Fabre|first1=Pierre-Henri|last2=Patton|first2=James L.|author2-link=James L. Patton|last3=Leite|first3=Yuri L. R.|year=2016|isbn=978-84-941892-3-4|editor-last1=Wilson|editor-first1=Don E.|editor-last2=Lacher|editor-first2=Thomas E. Jr|editor-last3=Mittermeier|editor-first3=Russell A.|publisher=Lynx Edicions|location=Barcelona|pages=552–641|chapter=Family Echimyidae (hutias, South American spiny-rats and coypu)|title-link=Handbook of the Mammals of the World}}</ref> The dactylomyines are the sister genera to ''Diplomys'' and ''Santamartamys''. All these taxa are closely related to the genera ''Echimys'', ''Phyllomys'', ''Makalata'', ''Pattonomys'', and ''Toromys''. In turn, these genera share phylogenetic affinities with the clade containing ''Lonchothrix'' and ''Mesomys'', and with ''Isothrix''.<ref name="Fabre2017">{{Cite journal|last1=Fabre|first1=Pierre-Henri|last2=Upham|first2=Nathan S.|last3=Emmons|first3=Louise H.|author-link3=Louise H. Emmons|last4=Justy|first4=Fabienne|last5=Leite|first5=Yuri L. R.|last6=Loss|first6=Ana Carolina|last7=Orlando|first7=Ludovic|last8=Tilak|first8=Marie-Ka|last9=Patterson|first9=Bruce D.|last10=Douzery|first10=Emmanuel J. P.|date=2017-03-01|title=Mitogenomic Phylogeny, Diversification, and Biogeography of South American Spiny Rats|journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution|volume=34|issue=3|pages=613–633|doi=10.1093/molbev/msw261|pmid=28025278|issn=0737-4038|doi-access=free}}</ref>

{{cladogram
   |title=Genus-level cladogram of the Echimyini.
   |caption=The cladogram has been reconstructed from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA characters.<ref name="Lara1996">{{Cite journal |last1=Lara |first1=Márcia C. |last2=Patton |first2=James L. |author-link2=James L. Patton |last3=da Silva |first3=Maria Nazareth F. |year=1996 |title=The Simultaneous Diversification of South American Echimyid Rodents (Hystricognathi) Based on Complete Cytochrome ''b'' Sequences |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=403–413 |doi=10.1006/mpev.1996.0035|pmid=8728398 }}</ref><ref name="Leite2002">{{Cite journal |last1=Leite |first1=Yuri L. R. |last2=Patton |first2=James L. |author-link2=James L. Patton |year=2002 |title=Evolution of South American spiny rats (Rodentia, Echimyidae): the star-phylogeny hypothesis revisited |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=25 |issue=3 |pages=455–464 |doi=10.1016/s1055-7903(02)00279-8|pmid=12450750 }}</ref><ref name="Galewski2005">{{Cite journal |last1=Galewski |first1=Thomas |last2=Mauffrey |first2=Jean-François |last3=Leite |first3=Yuri L. R. |last4=Patton |first4=James L. |last5=Douzery |first5=Emmanuel J. P. |year=2005 |title=Ecomorphological diversification among South American spiny rats (Rodentia; Echimyidae): a phylogenetic and chronological approach |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=34 |issue=3 |pages=601–615 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2004.11.015|pmid=15683932 }}</ref><ref name="Upham2012">{{Cite journal |last1=Upham |first1=Nathan S. |last2=Patterson |first2=Bruce D. |year=2012 |title=Diversification and biogeography of the Neotropical caviomorph lineage Octodontoidea (Rodentia: Hystricognathi) |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=63 |issue=2 |pages=417–429 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2012.01.020 |pmid=22327013}}</ref><ref name="Fabre2013">{{Cite journal |last1=Fabre |first1=Pierre-Henri |last2=Galewski |first2=Thomas |last3=Tilak |first3=Marie-ka |last4=Douzery |first4=Emmanuel J. P. |date=2013-03-01 |title=Diversification of South American spiny rats (Echimyidae): a multigene phylogenetic approach |journal=Zoologica Scripta |language=en |volume=42 |issue=2 |pages=117–134 |doi=10.1111/j.1463-6409.2012.00572.x |issn=1463-6409}}</ref><ref name="Loss2014">{{Cite journal|last1=Loss|first1=Ana|last2=Moura|first2=Raquel T.|last3=Leite|first3=Yuri L. R.|date=2014|title=Unexpected phylogenetic relationships of the painted tree rat ''Callistomys pictus'' (Rodentia: Echimyidae)|url=http://www.naturezaonline.com.br/natureza/conteudo/pdf/05_LossACetal_132-136.pdf|journal=Natureza on Line|volume=12|pages=132–136}}</ref><ref name="Fabre2014">{{Cite journal |last1=Fabre |first1=Pierre-Henri |last2=Vilstrup |first2=Julia T. |last3=Raghavan |first3=Maanasa |last4=Der Sarkissian |first4=Clio |last5=Willerslev |first5=Eske |last6=Douzery |first6=Emmanuel J. P. |last7=Orlando |first7=Ludovic |date=2014-07-01 |title=Rodents of the Caribbean: origin and diversification of hutias unravelled by next-generation museomics |journal=Biology Letters |language=en |volume=10 |issue=7 |pages=20140266 |doi=10.1098/rsbl.2014.0266 |pmid=25115033 |issn=1744-9561|pmc=4126619 }}</ref><ref name="Upham2015">{{Cite book |title=Biology of caviomorph rodents: diversity and evolution |last1=Upham |first1=Nathan S. |last2=Patterson |first2=Bruce D. |publisher=SAREM Series A, Mammalogical Research — Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos |year=2015 |editor-last1=Vassallo |editor-first1=Aldo Ivan |location=Buenos Aires |pages=63–120 |chapter=Evolution of Caviomorph rodents: a complete phylogeny and timetree for living genera |editor-last2=Antenucci |editor-first2=Daniel}}</ref><ref name="Fabre2017"/>
   |align=center
   |clades={{Cladogram of Echimyini genera}}
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Echimyidae nav}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q901102}}

[[Category:Dactylomys| ]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire]]
[[Category:Rodent genera]]


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