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==Tennis career==
==Tennis career==
After arriving in Berlin Prenn first became a member of [[Tennis Borussia Berlin|Tennis-Club Borussia]] before switching to [[Rot-Weiss Tennis Club]].<ref name="jenkel2021"/>
⚫
In 1928 he won the singles title at the [[German Open Tennis Championships|International German Tennis Championships]], held at [[Am Rothenbaum]] in [[Hamburg]], defeating [[Hans Moldenhauer]] in a three-set final.<ref name="Wistrich" />

⚫
In 1928 he won the singles title at the [[German Open Tennis Championships|International German Tennis Championships]], held at [[Am Rothenbaum]] in [[Hamburg]], defeating [[Hans Moldenhauer (tennis)|Hans Moldenhauer]] in a three-set final.<ref name="Wistrich" />


[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-08103, Berlin, Davis-Pokal.jpg|thumb|180px|American [[Francis Hunter|Francis "Frank" Hunter]] (left) and Prenn, in 1929.]]
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-08103, Berlin, Davis-Pokal.jpg|thumb|180px|American [[Francis Hunter|Francis "Frank" Hunter]] (left) and Prenn, in 1929.]]
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-08102, Berlin, Davis-Pokal.jpg|thumb|300px|Prenn (left) and American Frank Hunter (right), in a [[Davis Cup]] match in Berlin in 1929.]]
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 102-08102, Berlin, Davis-Pokal.jpg|thumb|300px|Prenn (left) and American Frank Hunter (right), in a [[Davis Cup]] match in Berlin in 1929.]]
In 1930 he was a German Club team champion representing the [[Rot-Weiss Tennis Club]] of [[Berlin]], beating fellow hometown club Blau-Weiss eight to one. Prenn won both of his doubles matches.<ref name="tennis&golf4">{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla Von Kehrling|url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00035/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1930_2_021.pdf|title=Tennisz és Golf|volume=II|issue=21|page=421|journal=Tennisz és Golf|date=20 November 1930|publisher=Bethlen Gábor irod. és Nyomdai RT|location=Budapest, Hungary|language=hu|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref> He failed to win the Berlin international Championships, and subsequently lost to [[Bill Tilden]] in the final.<ref name="NYT2">{{cite news|work= [[The New York Times]] |title = Tilden Captures Berlin Title By Conquering Prenn in Final |url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00B13FE385C157A93C2A8178DD85F448385F9 |date = 10 June 1933 |agency=AP |page=24}}</ref> He also lost the doubles with his [[Davis Cup]] teammate [[Heinrich Kleinschroth]] to the duo of Tilden and [[Erik Worm]].<ref name="tennis&golf8" /> A month later they met again in a match for the Dutch Championships doubles title, although this time they formed a team and won against the Dutch champions [[Hendrik Timmer (tennis)|Hendrik Timmer]] and [[Arthur Diemer Kool]].<ref name="Nieuwsblad">{{cite journal|editor=J. Von Straten |url=https://www.hetutrechtsarchief.nl/collectie/kranten/un/1930/0714 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073912/http://www.hetutrechtsarchief.nl/collectie/kranten/un/1930/0714 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |journal=[[Utrechts Nieuwsblad]] |issue=62 |volume=8 |date=14 July 1930 |title=Lawntennis |publisher=J.G. Goedhart |location=[[Utrecht]], [[Netherlands]] |language=nl |access-date=21 October 2012 |url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref>
In 1930 he was a German Club team champion representing the Rot-Weiss Tennis Club of [[Berlin]], beating fellow hometown club Blau-Weiss eight to one. Prenn won both of his doubles matches.<ref name="tennis&golf4">{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla Von Kehrling|url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00035/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1930_2_021.pdf|title=Tennisz és Golf|volume=II|issue=21|page=421|journal=Tennisz és Golf|date=20 November 1930|publisher=Bethlen Gábor irod. és Nyomdai RT|location=Budapest, Hungary|language=hu|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref> He was runner-up at the Berlin international Championships, losing to [[Bill Tilden]] in the final.<ref name="NYT2">{{cite news|work= [[The New York Times]] |title = Tilden Captures Berlin Title By Conquering Prenn in Final |url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00B13FE385C157A93C2A8178DD85F448385F9 |date = 10 June 1933 |agency=AP |page=24}}</ref> He also lost the doubles with his [[Davis Cup]] teammate [[Heinrich Kleinschroth]] to the duo of Tilden and [[Erik Worm]].<ref name="tennis&golf8" /> A month later they met again in a match for the Dutch Championships doubles title, although this time they formed a team and won against the Dutch champions [[Hendrik Timmer (tennis)|Hendrik Timmer]] and [[Arthur Diemer Kool]].<ref name="Nieuwsblad">{{cite journal|editor=J. Von Straten |url=https://www.hetutrechtsarchief.nl/collectie/kranten/un/1930/0714 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304073912/http://www.hetutrechtsarchief.nl/collectie/kranten/un/1930/0714 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |journal=[[Utrechts Nieuwsblad]] |issue=62 |volume=8 |date=14 July 1930 |title=Lawntennis |publisher=J.G. Goedhart |location=[[Utrecht]], [[Netherlands]] |language=nl |access-date=21 October 2012 |url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref>


In 1931 he won the singles, doubles, and mixed doubles championships of the City of [[Dresden]] tournament.<ref name="tennis&golf5">{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla Von Kehrling|title=Külföldi hírek|trans-title=International news|url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00046/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1931_3_011_12.pdf|volume=III|issue=11–12|journal=Tennisz és Golf|date=6 June 1931|publisher=Egyesült Kő-, Könyvnyomda. Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt.|location=[[Budapest]], [[Hungary]]|language=hu|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref> The same year he lost the Berlin International Championships the second time to [[Roderich Menzel]] in straight sets, but won the doubles partnering with him.<ref name="tennis&golf6">{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla Von Kehrling|title=Külföldi hírek|trans-title=International news|url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00047/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1931_3_013.pdf|volume=III|issue=13|pages=244–246|journal=Tennisz és Golf|date=24 June 1931|publisher=Egyesült Kő-, Könyvnyomda. Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt.|location=[[Budapest]], [[Hungary]]|language=hu|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref> He was a runner-up for the Danish Covered Court Championships in 1932, losing to Danish champion [[Einer Ulrich]].<ref name="tennis&golf">{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla Von Kehrling|url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00057/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1932_4_003.pdf| title=A jubiláris közgyűlés lefolyása |issue=3|volume=IV|page=41|journal=Tennisz és Golf|year=1932|publisher=Kő-, Könyvnyomda, Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt|location=Budapest, Hungary|language=hu|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref>
In 1931 he won the singles, doubles, and mixed doubles championships of the City of [[Dresden]] tournament.<ref name="tennis&golf5">{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla Von Kehrling|title=Külföldi hírek|trans-title=International news|url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00046/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1931_3_011_12.pdf|volume=III|issue=11–12|journal=Tennisz és Golf|date=6 June 1931|publisher=Egyesült Kő-, Könyvnyomda. Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt.|location=[[Budapest]], [[Hungary]]|language=hu|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref> The same year he lost the Berlin International Championships the second time to [[Roderich Menzel]] in straight sets, but won the doubles partnering with him.<ref name="tennis&golf6">{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla Von Kehrling|title=Külföldi hírek|trans-title=International news|url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00047/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1931_3_013.pdf|volume=III|issue=13|pages=244–246|journal=Tennisz és Golf|date=24 June 1931|publisher=Egyesült Kő-, Könyvnyomda. Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt.|location=[[Budapest]], [[Hungary]]|language=hu|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref> He was a runner-up for the Danish Covered Court Championships in 1932, losing to Danish champion [[Einer Ulrich]].<ref name="tennis&golf">{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla Von Kehrling|url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00057/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1932_4_003.pdf| title=A jubiláris közgyűlés lefolyása |issue=3|volume=IV|page=41|journal=Tennisz és Golf|year=1932|publisher=Kő-, Könyvnyomda, Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt|location=Budapest, Hungary|language=hu|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref>
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In the Davis Cup from 1928 through 1932, Prenn played 13 matches for [[Germany Davis Cup team|Germany]], winning 17 rubbers and losing 5, compiling a 73% winning record.<ref name="jewishsports" /> He received the Reichsmedaille for winning the European Zone of the [[1932 International Lawn Tennis Challenge]], as the Davis Cup was then officially known.<ref name="Wistrich" />
In the Davis Cup from 1928 through 1932, Prenn played 13 matches for [[Germany Davis Cup team|Germany]], winning 17 rubbers and losing 5, compiling a 73% winning record.<ref name="jewishsports" /> He received the Reichsmedaille for winning the European Zone of the [[1932 International Lawn Tennis Challenge]], as the Davis Cup was then officially known.<ref name="Wistrich" />


He rose to the top of the German rankings starting from 1925 when he was ranked 15, in 1926 broke into the top ten at 10th, in 1927 he was the fourth-best player in the country<ref name="tennis&golf2">{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla Von Kehrling |url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00013/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1929_1_013.pdf |title=Megjelentek Németország 1929, évi ranglistái |volume=I|issue=13|page=304|journal=Tennisz és Golf|date=10 November 1929|publisher=Bethlen Gábor irod. és Nyomdai RT|location=Budapest, Hungary|language=hu|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref> and from 1928 to 1932 he peaked the German tennis charts.<ref name="Siegman" /> In 1932 he was ranked as No. 6 in the world by [[A. Wallis Myers]].<ref name="collins2016">{{cite book|last=Collins|first=Bud|author-link=Bud Collins|title=The Bud Collins History of Tennis|year=2016|publisher=New Chapter Press|location=New York|isbn=978-1-937559-38-0|page=756|edition=3rd}}</ref> The same year "American Lawn Tennis" magazine named him the European No. 1 player.<ref name="Siegman"/>
He rose to the top of the German rankings starting from 1925 when he was ranked No. 15, in 1926 broke into the top ten at No. 10, in 1927 he was the fourth-best player in the country<ref name="tennis&golf2">{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla Von Kehrling |url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00013/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1929_1_013.pdf |title=Megjelentek Németország 1929, évi ranglistái |volume=I|issue=13|page=304|journal=Tennisz és Golf|date=10 November 1929|publisher=Bethlen Gábor irod. és Nyomdai RT|location=Budapest, Hungary|language=hu|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref> and from 1928 to 1932 he peaked the German tennis charts.<ref name="Siegman" /> In 1932 he was ranked as No. 6 in the world by [[A. Wallis Myers]].<ref name="collins2016">{{cite book|last=Collins|first=Bud|author-link=Bud Collins|title=The Bud Collins History of Tennis|year=2016|publisher=New Chapter Press|location=New York|isbn=978-1-937559-38-0|page=756|edition=3rd}}</ref> The same year "American Lawn Tennis" magazine named him the European No. 1 player.<ref name="Siegman"/>


After he was barred from tennis because he was Jewish, first he tried to apply for a Polish playing license to be part of the [[Poland Davis Cup team]] but was rejected by the Polski Związek Tenisowy (Polish Tennis Association) mostly as a result of his dismissal of previous Polish invitations and because he dropped his Polish citizenship earlier in 1932.<ref name="Courier-Mail" /> He then changed nationality and represented Great Britain in the 1933 Maccabiade in [[Prague]] where he defeated [[Ladislav Hecht]] from Czechoslovakia in the final of the singles event.<ref name="NYT">{{cite news |work = [[The New York Times]] |title = Prenn in Maccabiade; To Play for England in Jewish Meet – Nazis Bar German Entry. |url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F20C13F6345A16738DDDAF0A94D0405B838FF1D3 |date = 26 August 1933 |page=7 |agency=JTA}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Prenn besiegt Hecht |url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?aid=ptb&datum=19330827&zoom=33&query=%22prenn%22%2B%22tennis%22&ref=anno-search |work=Prager Tagblatt |date=27 August 1933 |page=6 |language=German |via=ANNO}}</ref>
After he was banned from tennis in Germany because he was Jewish, he first tried to apply for a Polish playing license to be part of the [[Poland Davis Cup team]] but was rejected by the Polski Związek Tenisowy (Polish Tennis Association), mainly as a result of his dismissal of previous Polish invitations and because he dropped his Polish citizenship earlier in 1932 to become a German citizen.<ref name="Courier-Mail" /> He then moved to England and represented Great Britain in the 1933 Maccabiade in [[Prague]] where he defeated [[Ladislav Hecht]] from Czechoslovakia in the final of the singles event.<ref name="NYT">{{cite news |work = [[The New York Times]] |title = Prenn in Maccabiade; To Play for England in Jewish Meet – Nazis Bar German Entry. |url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F20C13F6345A16738DDDAF0A94D0405B838FF1D3 |date = 26 August 1933 |page=7 |agency=JTA}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Prenn besiegt Hecht |url=https://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno?aid=ptb&datum=19330827&zoom=33&query=%22prenn%22%2B%22tennis%22&ref=anno-search |work=Prager Tagblatt |date=27 August 1933 |page=6 |language=German |via=ANNO}}</ref>


After moving to Great Britain he had a successive run in winning a series of tournaments in 1933, including the Scottish Lowland Championships against [[Antoine Gentien]],<ref name="Sydneymh">{{cite journal| date = 19 September 1933| title = Scottish Lowland Championships| journal =[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]| location = Sydney, Australia| publisher = John Fairfax and Sons| page = 12| volume = 103| issue = 29,863}}</ref> the [[Bristol Open|West of England Championships]] against [[Hendrik Timmer (tennis)|Hendrik Timmer]] (also finalist in doubles)<ref name="Vaderland">{{cite journal|editor=De Lang|url=http://resources2.kb.nl/010010000/pdf/DDD_010014791.pdf|journal=Het Vaderland|date=13 June 1933|title=Lawntennis|publisher=C.M. Schilt|location=[[Beetsterzwaag]], [[Netherlands]]|language=nl|access-date=21 October 2012}}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> and the Paris Championships against [[Christian Boussus]].<ref name="Courier-Mail2">{{cite journal|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article1125902|page=9|journal=[[The Courier-Mail]]|issue=32|date=3 October 1933|title=Finals in Paris|publisher=[[The Herald and Weekly Times]]|location=[[Brisbane]], Australia|access-date=21 October 2012}}</ref>
After moving to Great Britain he had a successive run in winning a series of tournaments in 1933, including the Scottish Lowland Championships against [[Antoine Gentien]],<ref name="Sydneymh">{{cite journal| date = 19 September 1933| title = Scottish Lowland Championships| journal =[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]| location = Sydney, Australia| publisher = John Fairfax and Sons| page = 12| volume = 103| issue = 29,863}}</ref> the [[Bristol Open|West of England Championships]] against [[Hendrik Timmer (tennis)|Hendrik Timmer]] (also finalist in doubles)<ref name="Vaderland">{{cite journal|editor=De Lang|url=http://resources2.kb.nl/010010000/pdf/DDD_010014791.pdf|journal=Het Vaderland|date=13 June 1933|title=Lawntennis|publisher=C.M. Schilt|location=[[Beetsterzwaag]], [[Netherlands]]|language=nl|access-date=21 October 2012}}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> and the Paris Championships against [[Christian Boussus]].<ref name="Courier-Mail2">{{cite journal|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article1125902|page=9|journal=[[The Courier-Mail]]|issue=32|date=3 October 1933|title=Finals in Paris|publisher=[[The Herald and Weekly Times]]|location=[[Brisbane]], Australia|access-date=21 October 2012}}</ref>
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In 1937, he lost the Priory tournament final to [[Kho Sin-Kie]].<ref name="Straits2">{{cite journal|author=Reuter|author-link=Reuters|url=http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19370521-1.2.17.aspx|page=5|journal=[[The Straits Times]]|date=21 May 1937|title=Kho defeats Prenn|publisher=Straits Times Press|location=Singapore, [[Straits Settlements]]|access-date=21 October 2012}}</ref>
In 1937, he lost the Priory tournament final to [[Kho Sin-Kie]].<ref name="Straits2">{{cite journal|author=Reuter|author-link=Reuters|url=http://newspapers.nl.sg/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19370521-1.2.17.aspx|page=5|journal=[[The Straits Times]]|date=21 May 1937|title=Kho defeats Prenn|publisher=Straits Times Press|location=Singapore, [[Straits Settlements]]|access-date=21 October 2012}}</ref>


==German Tennis Federation suspension and ban==
==Controversies==
In early 1931, he was accused of turning professional (meaning he broke the rule of amateurism) and had to skip a couple of months<ref name="tennis&golf6" /> before being acquitted, when it turned out that he had been mistaken for another person named Danel Prenn<ref name="tennis&golf7">{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla Von Kehrling|url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00042/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1931_3_007.pdf|volume=III|issue=7|journal=Tennisz és Golf|date=3 April 1931|title=Tennis and Golf|publisher=Egyesült Kő-, Könyvnyomda. Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt.|location=[[Budapest]], [[Hungary]]|language=hu|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref> Several months later the German Tennis Union suspended him for another six months for sponsorship charges, based on the accusations of racquet manufacturer Hammer & Co. who claimed Prenn asked for payment for choosing Hammer's equipment. Local media labelled this action as [[anti-semitic]], and it being forged by Hammer Company. As a result of his suspension Prenn's titles were taken back, as well as his amateur license. He was also expelled from the [[Germany Davis Cup team]], though it didn't affect his presence as Germany was eliminated in the first round of the [[1931 International Lawn Tennis Challenge]]<ref name="JTA">{{cite web|work=Jewish News Archive|url=http://archive.jta.org/article/1931/07/21/2791332/german-tennis-federations-disciplinary-board-upholds-daniel-prenns--suspension|title=German Tennis Federation's Disciplinary Board Upholds Daniel Prenn's Suspension|publisher=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|location=New York, United States|date=21 July 1931|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref>
In early 1931, he was accused of turning professional (meaning he broke the rule of amateurism) and was suspended from playing for a couple of months<ref name="tennis&golf6" /> before being acquitted, when it turned out that he had been mistaken for another person named Danel Prenn<ref name="tennis&golf7">{{cite journal|editor=Béla Kehrling|editor-link=Béla Von Kehrling|url=http://epa.oszk.hu/02100/02127/00042/pdf/EPA02127_tennis_es_golf_1931_3_007.pdf|volume=III|issue=7|journal=Tennisz és Golf|date=3 April 1931|title=Tennis and Golf|publisher=Egyesült Kő-, Könyvnyomda. Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt.|location=[[Budapest]], [[Hungary]]|language=hu|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref> Several months later the [[German Tennis Federation]] suspended him for another six months for sponsorship charges, based on the accusations of racquet manufacturer Hammer & Co. who claimed Prenn asked for payment for choosing Hammer's equipment. Local media labelled this action as [[anti-semitic]], and it being forged by Hammer Company. As a result of his suspension Prenn's titles were taken back, as well as his amateur license. He was also expelled from the [[Germany Davis Cup team]], though it didn't affect his presence as Germany was eliminated in the first round of the [[1931 International Lawn Tennis Challenge]]<ref name="JTA">{{cite web|work=Jewish News Archive|url=http://archive.jta.org/article/1931/07/21/2791332/german-tennis-federations-disciplinary-board-upholds-daniel-prenns--suspension|title=German Tennis Federation's Disciplinary Board Upholds Daniel Prenn's Suspension|publisher=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|location=New York, United States|date=21 July 1931|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref>

⚫
On 24 April 1933, a newly appointed [[Reichssportführer]] issued a declaration on behalf of the [[German Tennis Federation|German Lawn Tennis Association]] stating that no Jew could be selected for the national team or the [[Davis Cup]], and that no Jewish or Marxist club or association could be affiliated with the German Tennis Federation, and specifically that the Jewish player named Dr. Prenn would not be selected to the German Davis Cup team in 1933.<ref name=autogenerated3 /> The Swedish king, [[Gustaf V]], a keen tennis player, dined with the German top brass in the summer of 1933, criticizing the new racial policies. After the lunch, the elderly king played a game with Prenn. Shortly thereafter, Prenn moved to Great Britain.<ref name="Siegman" /><ref name="Wistrich" /><ref name="Mandell">{{cite book |author = Richard D. Mandell |title = The Nazi Olympics |location = [[Champaign, Illinois]] United States |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=8CYYYeTT5mEC |year=1987 |isbn = 9780252013256 |page = 63 |publisher = [[University of Illinois Press]] }}</ref> In an open letter to ''The Times'' leading British players [[Fred Perry]] and [[Bunny Austin]] protested again Prenn's exclusion from the Davis Cup.<ref name="tid2002">{{cite book|title=Tennis im Deutschland|year=2002|publisher=Deutscher Tennis Bund e.V.|location=Berlin|isbn=3-428-10846-9|pages=136–136, 146–148|author=Hans-Jürgen Kaufhold, Jutta Deiss|language=German}}</ref><ref name="jenkel2021"/>


Shortly after the bann Prenn moved to Great Britain.<ref name="Siegman" /><ref name="Wistrich" />
⚫
On 24 April 1933, a newly appointed [[Reichssportführer]] issued a declaration on behalf of the [[German Tennis Federation|German Lawn Tennis Association]] stating that no Jew could be selected for the national team or the [[Davis Cup]], and that no Jewish or Marxist club or association could be affiliated with the German Tennis Federation, and specifically that the Jewish player named Dr. Prenn would not be selected to the German Davis Cup team in 1933.<ref name=autogenerated3 /> The Swedish king, [[Gustaf V]], a keen tennis player, dined with the German top brass in the summer of 1933, criticizing the new racial policies. After the lunch, the elderly king played a game with Prenn. Shortly thereafter, Prenn moved to Great Britain.<ref name="Siegman" /><ref name="Wistrich" /><ref name="Mandell">{{cite book
|author = Richard D. Mandell
|title = The Nazi Olympics
|location = [[Champaign, Illinois]] United States
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=8CYYYeTT5mEC
|year=1987
|isbn = 9780252013256
|page = 63
|publisher = [[University of Illinois Press]]
}}</ref>


German Baron [[Gottfried von Cramm]] protested against the treatment of Prenn, and as a result, von Cramm was targeted and arrested on charges of homosexuality and imprisoned.<ref name="timesofindia">{{cite journal|editor=Jaideep Bose|title=Losing to win|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-13/edit-page/29650202_1_andy-murray-grand-slam-atp|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130104054254/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-13/edit-page/29650202_1_andy-murray-grand-slam-atp|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 January 2013|author=Raghu Krishnan|journal=[[The Times of India]]|date=13 June 2011|publisher=[[The Times Group]]|location=[[Mumbai]], India|access-date=19 October 2012}}</ref>
German Baron [[Gottfried von Cramm]] protested against the treatment of Prenn, and as a result, von Cramm was targeted and arrested on charges of homosexuality and imprisoned.<ref name="timesofindia">{{cite journal|editor=Jaideep Bose|title=Losing to win|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/opinion/edit-page/Losing-to-win/articleshow/8825802.cms|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130104054254/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-13/edit-page/29650202_1_andy-murray-grand-slam-atp|url-status=live|archive-date=4 January 2013|author=Raghu Krishnan|journal=[[The Times of India]]|date=13 June 2011|publisher=[[The Times Group]]|location=[[Mumbai]], India|access-date=19 October 2012}}</ref>


==Personal life after Germany==
==Personal life after Germany==
After moving to England he launched his own [[audio equipment]] company Truvox around 1935 in [[Kentish Town]].<ref name="Killy" /><ref name="jenkel2021"/> From 1946 to 1949, he had five patents related to [[Molding (process)|plastic molding]].<ref name="ipexl">{{cite web|work=ipexl.com|url=http://patent.ipexl.com/assignee/Daniel_Dan_Prenn_1.html|title=Daniel Dan Prenn – Assignee|publisher=Intellectual Property Exchange|location=Singapore, Singapore|access-date=20 October 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126093013/http://patent.ipexl.com/assignee/Daniel_Dan_Prenn_1.html|archive-date=26 January 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> His company, Truvox Engineering, was sold to [[Racal]] in 1969 for $1.26 million.<ref name="Killy" /><ref name="gracesguide">{{cite web|work=gracesguide.co.uk|url=http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Celestion#_note-2|title=Celestion|publisher=Grace's Guide|location=United Kingdom|access-date=20 October 2012}}</ref> In 1970, he founded [[Celestion|Celestion Electronics]], a loudspeaker manufacturer.<ref name="Killy" /><ref name="listofcompanies" />
After moving to England he became a member of the prestigious [[Queen's Club]] as well as the Anglo-Russian Club in [[Chiswick]].<ref name="who1934">{{cite book|title=Wimbledon Who's Who|date=1934|publisher=Ed. J. Burrow & Co. Ltd.|location=London|page=66–67}}</ref><ref name="jenkel2021"/> Prenn launched his own [[audio equipment]] company, Truvox Engineering, around 1935 in [[Kentish Town]].<ref name="Killy" /><ref name="jenkel2021"/> From 1946 to 1949, he had five patents related to [[Molding (process)|plastic molding]].<ref name="ipexl">{{cite web|work=ipexl.com|url=http://patent.ipexl.com/assignee/Daniel_Dan_Prenn_1.html|title=Daniel Dan Prenn – Assignee|publisher=Intellectual Property Exchange|location=Singapore, Singapore|access-date=20 October 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126093013/http://patent.ipexl.com/assignee/Daniel_Dan_Prenn_1.html|archive-date=26 January 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> His company was sold to [[Racal]] in 1969 for $1.26 million.<ref name="Killy" /><ref name="gracesguide">{{cite web|work=gracesguide.co.uk|url=http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Celestion#_note-2|title=Celestion|publisher=Grace's Guide|location=United Kingdom|access-date=20 October 2012}}</ref> In 1970, he founded [[Celestion|Celestion Electronics]], a loudspeaker manufacturer.<ref name="Killy" /><ref name="listofcompanies" />


He married in 1931 with Charlotte.<ref name="jenkel2021"/> They had several children, [[Oliver Prenn|Oliver]] (b. 1939) later become a Wimbledon Junior Champion, and competed in the main Wimbledon competitions as well.<ref name="Wistrich" /> Oliver also took over the family enterprise in 1988.<ref name="Killy" /><ref name="listofcompanies">{{cite web|work=listofcompanies.co.in|url=http://listofcompanies.co.in/celestion-plc/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130218080059/http://listofcompanies.co.in/celestion-plc/|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 February 2013|title=celestion-plc|publisher=Worldwide Company Profile|access-date=19 October 2012}}</ref> Another son John Allen Nicholas was a shareholder in [[Lacoste]], and as an avid supporter of tennis and squash he got Celestion involved in a racquet sponsoring venture, which ended in 2010.<ref name="tennisandrackets">{{cite web|work=tennisandrackets.com|url=http://www.tennisandrackets.com/NewsItem.aspx?id=489|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130204141459/http://www.tennisandrackets.com/NewsItem.aspx?id=489|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 February 2013|title=John Prenn's generous 30 years of support to Rackets|publisher=The Tennis and Rackets Association|location=London, United Kingdom|year=2010|access-date=19 October 2012}}</ref> He still has an interest in or owns a dozen companies.<ref name="company-director">{{cite web|work=company-director-check.co.uk|url=http://company-director-check.co.uk/director/900149310|title=John Allen Nicholas Prenn|publisher=Company Check Ltd|access-date=19 October 2012|archive-date=27 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527220741/https://companycheck.co.uk/director/900149310/MR-JOHN-ALLEN-NICHOLAS-PRENN/summary|url-status=dead}}</ref>
In 1931 He married Charlotte Schmidt.<ref name="jenkel2021"/> Prenn became a British citizen in April 1940.<ref name="gazette1940">{{cite news |title=Naturalization |url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34873/page/3614 |work=The London Gazette |date=14 June 1940 |page=3614}}</ref><ref name="jenkel2021"/> They had two sons. [[Oliver Prenn|Oliver]] (b. 1939) became a Wimbledon Junior Champion, and competed in the main Wimbledon competitions between 1956 and 1960.<ref>{{cite web |title=Player profile – Oliver Prenn |url=https://www.wimbledon.com/en_GB/draws_archive/player_profile/9b36cb17-d26e-4398-9c2a-63cba9ae7ce1.html |website=Wimbledon |publisher=AELTC}}</ref><ref name="Wistrich" /> Oliver also took over the family enterprise in 1988.<ref name="Killy" /><ref name="listofcompanies">{{cite web|work=listofcompanies.co.in|url=http://listofcompanies.co.in/celestion-plc/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130218080059/http://listofcompanies.co.in/celestion-plc/|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 February 2013|title=celestion-plc|publisher=Worldwide Company Profile|access-date=19 October 2012}}</ref> Another son, John Allen Nicholas (b. 1953), was a shareholder in [[Lacoste]], and as an avid supporter of tennis and squash he got Celestion involved in a racquet sponsoring venture, which ended in 2010.<ref name="tennisandrackets">{{cite web|work=tennisandrackets.com|url=http://www.tennisandrackets.com/NewsItem.aspx?id=489|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130204141459/http://www.tennisandrackets.com/NewsItem.aspx?id=489|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 February 2013|title=John Prenn's generous 30 years of support to Rackets|publisher=The Tennis and Rackets Association|location=London, United Kingdom|year=2010|access-date=19 October 2012}}</ref> He still has an interest in or owns a dozen companies.<ref name="company-director">{{cite web|work=company-director-check.co.uk|url=http://company-director-check.co.uk/director/900149310|title=John Allen Nicholas Prenn|publisher=Company Check Ltd|access-date=19 October 2012|archive-date=27 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200527220741/https://companycheck.co.uk/director/900149310/MR-JOHN-ALLEN-NICHOLAS-PRENN/summary|url-status=dead}}</ref>


Daniel Prenn was inducted into the [[International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame]] in 1981.<ref name="jewishsports">{{cite web|work=jewishsports.net|url=http://www.jewishsports.net/BioPages/DanielPrenn.htm|title=Elected members|publisher=[[International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame]]|location=New York, United States|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref>
Daniel Prenn was inducted into the [[International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame]] in 1981.<ref name="jewishsports">{{cite web|work=jewishsports.net|url=http://www.jewishsports.net/BioPages/DanielPrenn.htm|title=Elected members|publisher=[[International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame]]|location=New York, United States|access-date=18 October 2012}}</ref>
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[[Category:Polish emigrants to Germany]]
[[Category:Naturalised tennis players]]

Latest revision as of 03:11, 10 November 2024

Daniel Prenn
Prenn in 1930
Country (sports) Poland (−1932)[1]
Germany Weimar Republic (1932–33)
 United Kingdom (1940–)[2]
Born(1904-09-07)7 September 1904
Vilna, Russian Empire
Died3 September 1991(1991-09-03) (aged 86)
Dorking, Great Britain
Turned pro1928 (amateur tour)
Retired1939
PlaysRight-handed (one-handed backhand)
Singles
Career record172–59 (74.4%)[3]
Career titles10[3]
Highest rankingNo. 6 (1932, A. Wallis Myers)[4]
Grand Slam singles results
French Open4R (1930, 1933)
Wimbledon4R (1933, 1937)
Doubles
Highest rankingNo. 7 (1934)[5]
Grand Slam doubles results
French OpenQF (1934)[6]
WimbledonSF (1934)[7]
Mixed doubles
Grand Slam mixed doubles results
French OpenQF (1930)[8]
WimbledonF (1930)[9]
Team competitions
Davis CupF (1932)

Daniel Prenn (7 September 1904 – 3 September 1991) was a Russian Empire-born German, Polish, and British tennis player who was Jewish. He was ranked the world No. 6 for 1932 by A. Wallis Myers.[4] He was ranked world No. 8 in 1929 (Bill Tilden), world No. 7 in 1934 (American Lawn Tennis), and was ranked No. 1 in Germany for the four years from 1928 to 1932.[10] He was a runner-up for the mixed doubles title of Wimbledon in 1930. When the Nazis came to power in Germany in 1933, they barred him from playing because he was Jewish.[10] He emigrated from Germany to England, and later became a successful businessman.

Early life

[edit]

Prenn was born on 7 September 1904 in Vilna, Russian Empire (current Vilnius, Lithuania)[11] to a railway building contractor, and was Jewish.[10] His parents were Polish.[12] He grew up primarily in Saint Petersburg, in the Russian Empire.[11] To escape the local antisemitism, the family moved to Berlin after World War I, in 1920.[2][11]

Apart from tennis, Prenn was an amateur boxer and runner.[13] He graduated from the Technische Hochschule of Charlottenberg, Germany, earning a doctorate in civil engineering in 1929.[2][5]

Table tennis career

[edit]

Prenn represented Germany in the 1926 World Table Tennis Championships in London, reaching the fourth round in singles and the quarterfinals in doubles.[14]

Tennis career

[edit]

After arriving in Berlin Prenn first became a member of Tennis-Club Borussia before switching to Rot-Weiss Tennis Club.[12]

In 1928 he won the singles title at the International German Tennis Championships, held at Am Rothenbaum in Hamburg, defeating Hans Moldenhauer in a three-set final.[5]

American Francis "Frank" Hunter (left) and Prenn, in 1929.
Prenn (left) and American Frank Hunter (right), in a Davis Cup match in Berlin in 1929.

In 1930 he was a German Club team champion representing the Rot-Weiss Tennis Club of Berlin, beating fellow hometown club Blau-Weiss eight to one. Prenn won both of his doubles matches.[15] He was runner-up at the Berlin international Championships, losing to Bill Tilden in the final.[16] He also lost the doubles with his Davis Cup teammate Heinrich Kleinschroth to the duo of Tilden and Erik Worm.[8] A month later they met again in a match for the Dutch Championships doubles title, although this time they formed a team and won against the Dutch champions Hendrik Timmer and Arthur Diemer Kool.[17]

In 1931 he won the singles, doubles, and mixed doubles championships of the City of Dresden tournament.[18] The same year he lost the Berlin International Championships the second time to Roderich Menzel in straight sets, but won the doubles partnering with him.[19] He was a runner-up for the Danish Covered Court Championships in 1932, losing to Danish champion Einer Ulrich.[20]

In the Davis Cup from 1928 through 1932, Prenn played 13 matches for Germany, winning 17 rubbers and losing 5, compiling a 73% winning record.[21] He received the Reichsmedaille for winning the European Zone of the 1932 International Lawn Tennis Challenge, as the Davis Cup was then officially known.[5]

He rose to the top of the German rankings starting from 1925 when he was ranked No. 15, in 1926 broke into the top ten at No. 10, in 1927 he was the fourth-best player in the country[22] and from 1928 to 1932 he peaked the German tennis charts.[4] In 1932 he was ranked as No. 6 in the world by A. Wallis Myers.[23] The same year "American Lawn Tennis" magazine named him the European No. 1 player.[4]

After he was banned from tennis in Germany because he was Jewish, he first tried to apply for a Polish playing license to be part of the Poland Davis Cup team but was rejected by the Polski Związek Tenisowy (Polish Tennis Association), mainly as a result of his dismissal of previous Polish invitations and because he dropped his Polish citizenship earlier in 1932 to become a German citizen.[1] He then moved to England and represented Great Britain in the 1933 Maccabiade in Prague where he defeated Ladislav Hecht from Czechoslovakia in the final of the singles event.[24][25]

After moving to Great Britain he had a successive run in winning a series of tournaments in 1933, including the Scottish Lowland Championships against Antoine Gentien,[26] the West of England Championships against Hendrik Timmer (also finalist in doubles)[27] and the Paris Championships against Christian Boussus.[28]

In 1934, he clinched the Surrey covered courts tournament in Dulwich after defeating American David Jones.[29]

In 1935, he was the runner-up for the mixed doubles contest of the British Hard Court Championships pairing up with Evelyn Dearman. Unfortunately a flu prevented his partner from competing that day and they had to skip the match and so the victory was awarded to their opponents.[30] He lost the Harrow tournament of London to Bunny Austin in straight sets,[31] and the French Covered Court Championships to Jean Borotra, also in straights.[32] The same year he won the Surrey Hard Court Championships at Roehampton against South African player Pat Spence.

In 1937, he lost the Priory tournament final to Kho Sin-Kie.[33]

German Tennis Federation suspension and ban

[edit]

In early 1931, he was accused of turning professional (meaning he broke the rule of amateurism) and was suspended from playing for a couple of months[19] before being acquitted, when it turned out that he had been mistaken for another person named Danel Prenn[34] Several months later the German Tennis Federation suspended him for another six months for sponsorship charges, based on the accusations of racquet manufacturer Hammer & Co. who claimed Prenn asked for payment for choosing Hammer's equipment. Local media labelled this action as anti-semitic, and it being forged by Hammer Company. As a result of his suspension Prenn's titles were taken back, as well as his amateur license. He was also expelled from the Germany Davis Cup team, though it didn't affect his presence as Germany was eliminated in the first round of the 1931 International Lawn Tennis Challenge[35]

On 24 April 1933, a newly appointed Reichssportführer issued a declaration on behalf of the German Lawn Tennis Association stating that no Jew could be selected for the national team or the Davis Cup, and that no Jewish or Marxist club or association could be affiliated with the German Tennis Federation, and specifically that the Jewish player named Dr. Prenn would not be selected to the German Davis Cup team in 1933.[10] The Swedish king, Gustaf V, a keen tennis player, dined with the German top brass in the summer of 1933, criticizing the new racial policies. After the lunch, the elderly king played a game with Prenn. Shortly thereafter, Prenn moved to Great Britain.[4][5][36] In an open letter to The Times leading British players Fred Perry and Bunny Austin protested again Prenn's exclusion from the Davis Cup.[37][12]

Shortly after the bann Prenn moved to Great Britain.[4][5]

German Baron Gottfried von Cramm protested against the treatment of Prenn, and as a result, von Cramm was targeted and arrested on charges of homosexuality and imprisoned.[38]

Personal life after Germany

[edit]

After moving to England he became a member of the prestigious Queen's Club as well as the Anglo-Russian Club in Chiswick.[39][12] Prenn launched his own audio equipment company, Truvox Engineering, around 1935 in Kentish Town.[2][12] From 1946 to 1949, he had five patents related to plastic molding.[40] His company was sold to Racal in 1969 for $1.26 million.[2][41] In 1970, he founded Celestion Electronics, a loudspeaker manufacturer.[2][42]

In 1931 He married Charlotte Schmidt.[12] Prenn became a British citizen in April 1940.[43][12] They had two sons. Oliver (b. 1939) became a Wimbledon Junior Champion, and competed in the main Wimbledon competitions between 1956 and 1960.[44][5] Oliver also took over the family enterprise in 1988.[2][42] Another son, John Allen Nicholas (b. 1953), was a shareholder in Lacoste, and as an avid supporter of tennis and squash he got Celestion involved in a racquet sponsoring venture, which ended in 2010.[45] He still has an interest in or owns a dozen companies.[46]

Daniel Prenn was inducted into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1981.[21]

Grand Slam finals

[edit]

Mixed doubles: (1 runner-up)

[edit]
Result Year Championship Surface Partner Opponents Score
Loss 1930 Wimbledon[9] Grass Weimar Republic Hilde Krahwinkel Australia Jack Crawford
United States Elizabeth Ryan 		1–6, 3–6

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b The Times (30 August 1933). "Prenn and Poland". The Courier-Mail. I (3). Brisbane, Australia: The Herald and Weekly Times: 8. Retrieved 19 October 2012.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Walther Killy (2005). Dictionary of German biography. Vol. 8. Munich Germany: K. G. Saur Verlag GmbH & Company. p. 67. ISBN 9783110966305.
  3. ^ a b "Daniel Prenn: Career match record". thetennisbase.com. Tennismem SL. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Joseph M. Siegman (1992). The International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame. New York United States: SPI Books/Shapolsky Publishers. p. 197. ISBN 9781561710287.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Robert Wistrich (2001) [1995]. Who's Who in Nazi Germany (2nd ed.). London United Kingdom: Routledge. pp. 193–194. ISBN 9780415260381.
  6. ^ "Perry beaten". The Advertiser. 76 (23, 601). Adelaide, Australia: The Herald and Weekly Times: 10. 31 May 1934. Retrieved 8 October 2012.
  7. ^ "Perry brings singles title back". The Straits Times. Singapore, Straits Settlements: Straits Times Press: 14. 7 July 1934. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  8. ^ a b Béla Kehrling, ed. (10 June 1930). "A francia bajnokságokról" [Report from the French Championships] (PDF). Tennisz és Golf. II (in Hungarian). 11. Budapest, Hungary: Bethlen Gábor Irod. és Nyomdai RT: 190. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  9. ^ a b "Tennis history". CBSSports.com. New York City, United States: CBS Corporation. 2011. Retrieved 19 October 2012.
  10. ^ a b c d Siegman, Joseph M. (21 September 1992). The International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame. SP Books. ISBN 9781561710287.
  11. ^ a b c Fisher, Marshall Jon (21 September 2009). "A Terrible Splendor". Crown Publishers – via Internet Archive.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g Jenkel, Lisa (8 October 2021). "Daniel Prenn – From Germany's First Man in the Top Ten to '"No Nationality" Man'?". The International Journal of the History of Sport. 38 (9): 1008–1027.
  13. ^ Béla Kehrling, ed. (25 December 1929). "Megnyílt a kilencedik fedeitpálya Berlinben" (PDF). Tennisz és Golf (in Hungarian). I (15–16). Budapest, Hungary: Bethlen Gábor irod. és Nyomdai RT: 342. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  14. ^ "PRENN Daniel (GER)". ittf.com. Lausanne, Switzerland: International Table Tennis Federation. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  15. ^ Béla Kehrling, ed. (20 November 1930). "Tennisz és Golf" (PDF). Tennisz és Golf (in Hungarian). II (21). Budapest, Hungary: Bethlen Gábor irod. és Nyomdai RT: 421. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  16. ^ "Tilden Captures Berlin Title By Conquering Prenn in Final". The New York Times. AP. 10 June 1933. p. 24.
  17. ^ J. Von Straten, ed. (14 July 1930). "Lawntennis". Utrechts Nieuwsblad (in Dutch). 8 (62). Utrecht, Netherlands: J.G. Goedhart. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 21 October 2012.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  18. ^ Béla Kehrling, ed. (6 June 1931). "Külföldi hírek" [International news] (PDF). Tennisz és Golf (in Hungarian). III (11–12). Budapest, Hungary: Egyesült Kő-, Könyvnyomda. Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  19. ^ a b Béla Kehrling, ed. (24 June 1931). "Külföldi hírek" [International news] (PDF). Tennisz és Golf (in Hungarian). III (13). Budapest, Hungary: Egyesült Kő-, Könyvnyomda. Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt.: 244–246. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  20. ^ Béla Kehrling, ed. (1932). "A jubiláris közgyűlés lefolyása" (PDF). Tennisz és Golf (in Hungarian). IV (3). Budapest, Hungary: Kő-, Könyvnyomda, Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt: 41. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  21. ^ a b "Elected members". jewishsports.net. New York, United States: International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  22. ^ Béla Kehrling, ed. (10 November 1929). "Megjelentek Németország 1929, évi ranglistái" (PDF). Tennisz és Golf (in Hungarian). I (13). Budapest, Hungary: Bethlen Gábor irod. és Nyomdai RT: 304. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  23. ^ Collins, Bud (2016). The Bud Collins History of Tennis (3rd ed.). New York: New Chapter Press. p. 756. ISBN 978-1-937559-38-0.
  24. ^ "Prenn in Maccabiade; To Play for England in Jewish Meet – Nazis Bar German Entry". The New York Times. JTA. 26 August 1933. p. 7.
  25. ^ "Prenn besiegt Hecht". Prager Tagblatt (in German). 27 August 1933. p. 6 – via ANNO.
  26. ^ "Scottish Lowland Championships". The Sydney Morning Herald. 103 (29, 863). Sydney, Australia: John Fairfax and Sons: 12. 19 September 1933.
  27. ^ De Lang, ed. (13 June 1933). "Lawntennis" (PDF). Het Vaderland (in Dutch). Beetsterzwaag, Netherlands: C.M. Schilt. Retrieved 21 October 2012.[permanent dead link‍]
  28. ^ "Finals in Paris". The Courier-Mail (32). Brisbane, Australia: The Herald and Weekly Times: 9. 3 October 1933. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  29. ^ "Surrey title". The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser. Singapore, Straits Settlements: Mohammed Eunos: 15. 30 November 1934. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  30. ^ J. Von Straten, ed. (6 May 1935). "Bournemouth". Utrechts Nieuwsblad (in Dutch). 43 (5). Utrecht, Netherlands: J.G. Goedhart. Archived from the original on 24 April 2012. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  31. ^ "Austin Defeats Prenn". The Argus (27, 649). Melbourne, Australia: Argus Office: 13. 1 April 1935. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  32. ^ "French Championships". The Sydney Morning Herald. 104 (30, 299). Sydney, Australia: John Fairfax and Sons: 10. 12 February 1935. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  33. ^ Reuter (21 May 1937). "Kho defeats Prenn". The Straits Times. Singapore, Straits Settlements: Straits Times Press: 5. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  34. ^ Béla Kehrling, ed. (3 April 1931). "Tennis and Golf" (PDF). Tennisz és Golf (in Hungarian). III (7). Budapest, Hungary: Egyesült Kő-, Könyvnyomda. Könyv- és Lapkiadó Rt. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  35. ^ "German Tennis Federation's Disciplinary Board Upholds Daniel Prenn's Suspension". Jewish News Archive. New York, United States: Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 21 July 1931. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  36. ^ Richard D. Mandell (1987). The Nazi Olympics. Champaign, Illinois United States: University of Illinois Press. p. 63. ISBN 9780252013256.
  37. ^ Hans-Jürgen Kaufhold, Jutta Deiss (2002). Tennis im Deutschland (in German). Berlin: Deutscher Tennis Bund e.V. pp. 136–136, 146–148. ISBN 3-428-10846-9.
  38. ^ Raghu Krishnan (13 June 2011). Jaideep Bose (ed.). "Losing to win". The Times of India. Mumbai, India: The Times Group. Archived from the original on 4 January 2013. Retrieved 19 October 2012.
  39. ^ Wimbledon Who's Who. London: Ed. J. Burrow & Co. Ltd. 1934. p. 66–67.
  40. ^ "Daniel Dan Prenn – Assignee". ipexl.com. Singapore, Singapore: Intellectual Property Exchange. Archived from the original on 26 January 2013. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  41. ^ "Celestion". gracesguide.co.uk. United Kingdom: Grace's Guide. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
  42. ^ a b "celestion-plc". listofcompanies.co.in. Worldwide Company Profile. Archived from the original on 18 February 2013. Retrieved 19 October 2012.
  43. ^ "Naturalization". The London Gazette. 14 June 1940. p. 3614.
  44. ^ "Player profile – Oliver Prenn". Wimbledon. AELTC.
  45. ^ "John Prenn's generous 30 years of support to Rackets". tennisandrackets.com. London, United Kingdom: The Tennis and Rackets Association. 2010. Archived from the original on 4 February 2013. Retrieved 19 October 2012.
  46. ^ "John Allen Nicholas Prenn". company-director-check.co.uk. Company Check Ltd. Archived from the original on 27 May 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2012.
[edit]
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