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Jill Valentine
'Resident Evil' character
A photo-realistic representation of a fictional character. She is wearing a black cap, black fingerless gloves, blue and black shirt and beige pants with a gun belt. She is holding a pistol in her hands and also has a communication earpiece
Jill in Resident Evil: The Mercenaries 3D
First gameResident Evil (1996)[1]
Created byShinji Mikami

Jill Valentine (Japanese: ジル・バレンタイン, Hepburn: Jiru Barentain) is a character in the Resident Evil (Biohazard in Japan) horror franchise by Capcom. A special-operations agent, she made her debut appearance in 1996 as one of the protagonists of the original Resident Evil game, in which she and fellow STARS member Chris Redfield are trapped in a mysterious mansion. Jill is featured in several Resident Evil games including Resident Evil 3: Nemesis, Resident Evil: The Umbrella Chronicles, Resident Evil 5 and Resident Evil: Revelations, where she is in conflict with the Umbrella Corporation and its splinter groups. She is also a founding member and key field operative of the paramilitary organization BSAA.

Shinji Mikami, the director of the original Resident Evil game, said that he was opposed to the frequent sexual objectification of women in video games and instead preferred to make strong, independent female characters. Jill's facial and physical appearance from the 2002 remake of Resident Evil onwards is based on model and actress Julia Voth. The film series' version of Jill is portrayed by Sienna Guillory and based on the game character's various incarnations. She was introduced as a co-protagonist in Resident Evil: Apocalypse, made a brief appearance in Resident Evil: Afterlife, and returned as the main antagonist of Resident Evil: Retribution.

Described as "a classic example" of a female horror-game character, Jill has received favorable critical reception and featured on many top character lists. She is widely regarded as one of the most attractive female protagonists in video games, though various appearances and portrayals of her have been considered to be over sexualized and to conform to gender stereotypes. Jill has sparked two video game Internet memes and has been used in various Resident Evil merchandise.

Appearances

In video games

Jill Valentine first appears as one of two playable main protagonists of the original Resident Evil game (1996), in which she is an explosives expert of the Raccoon Police Department's Special Tactics And Rescue Service (STARS) and Chris Redfield's partner. Jill's ethnic background is half-French, half-Japanese,[7] and she is a former Delta Force explosives expert.[8] Before the game begins, STARS, including Jill's Alpha team, are deployed to investigate a series of bizarre murders in the fictional Arklay Mountains where they discover and enter Umbrella Corporation's Arklay Research Facility biological warfare site. With Chris missing, Jill works initially with Barry Burton, another Alpha team member, as they inspect the mansion and battle its undead residents. Eventually, she and Chris discover that STARS commander, Captain Wesker, has betrayed them. After defeating the monster Tyrant released by Wesker, Jill escapes the self-destructing mansion in Brad Vickers' helicopter along with Chris, Barry and the Bravo team's sole survivor, Rebecca Chambers.[8][9]

Jill returns as the main protagonist of Resident Evil 3: Nemesis (1999), where she is forced to side with a mercenary named Carlos Oliveira, a member of the Umbrella Corporation's paramilitary force who was betrayed by his employer. Throughout the game, Jill and Carlos cooperate to escape from the epidemic in Raccoon City before it is destroyed by a U.S. government nuclear strike. Along the way, they fight Nemesis, a modified Tyrant super soldier sent by Umbrella to dispose of remaining STARS members. After several encounters with Nemesis, Jill is infected with the T-virus, though Carlos is able to procure a vaccine from a nearby hospital. Finally, she defeats Nemesis, and Barry Burton returns to Raccoon City to bring Jill and Carlos to safety moments before the city's destruction.[8][10] Jill is also featured as a playable character in the "Heroes Mode" multiplayer section of the non-canon spin-off game Resident Evil: Operation Raccoon City (2012).[11]

Emerging alive from the Raccoon City outbreak, Jill becomes a founding member of the Bioterrorism Security Assessment Alliance (BSAA) under the United Nations.[10] In Resident Evil: The Umbrella Chronicles (2007), she works with Chris Redfield to expose and destroy the Umbrella Corporation by raiding their research facility in Russia, defeating Umbrella's newest bioweapon creature, T-ALOS.[8][10][12] Jill is also the sole protagonist in Resident Evil: Genesis (2008), an alternative-story version of the original Resident Evil game.[13] Before the events of Resident Evil 5 (2009), Jill apparently dies while saving Chris during a confrontation with Wesker. During the game, however, Chris finds information suggesting that she may still be alive. Eventually, he discovers that Jill is under Wesker's control. He used Jill's DNA, and the remnants of the T-virus within her body, to perfect his new Uroboros virus. Chris and his new partner, Sheva Alomar, manage to subdue Jill and free her from Wesker's influence.[8][14] Jill then works with a fellow BSAA agent, Josh Stone, Sheva's mentor, to help Chris and Sheva defeat Wesker. Jill is a playable character in two more downloadable content (DLC) scenarios (also included in the Gold Edition of Resident Evil 5): Lost in Nightmares, showing the events leading up to Jill's disappearance, and Desperate Escape, showing her fight to escape the facility she was being held in.[15][16] She is also one of the playable characters in Resident Evil: The Mercenaries 3D (2011), an action game based on "The Mercenaries" minigame from Resident Evil 4 and Resident Evil 5.[17][18]

In Resident Evil: Revelations (2012),[19] set in 2005, Jill goes on a rescue mission to save Chris from the grip of the bioterrorist group Il Veltro, following a transmission from the luxury cruise ship Queen Zenobia, which turns out to be a trap set for her. Jill and her new partner, Parker Luciani, now out of contact and uninformed of the dire situation they face, find the ship infested with a new breed of leech-like zombies, infected with a new, stronger strain of the T-virus: the T-Abyss virus. Meanwhile, Chris and his new partner Jessica make their way to the ship to find Jill. Together, they slowly unravel a global conspiracy involving an earlier outbreak of the original strain of the T-virus at the city of Terragrigia, and a botched investigation by a rival agency, the Federal Bioterrorism Commission (FBC). During this mission Jill is exposed to the T-Abyss and receives an experimental vaccine.[20] She did not feature in Resident Evil 6 (2012); producer Yoshiaki Hirabayashi acknowledged that many fans lamented the absence of both Jill and Claire Redfield in the game.[21]

Apart from the Resident Evil series, Jill appears as a player character in the crossover fighting game Marvel vs. Capcom 2: New Age of Heroes (2000), wearing her STARS uniform. She returns as a playable character in Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds and Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3 (2011), where her design is based on her appearance in Resident Evil 5, available as downloadable content.[22][23] In addition, she makes a guest appearance in Under the Skin (with Carlos and Nemesis), and has a character card in the SNK vs. Capcom: Card Fighters Clash series. She appears as a playable character in the crossover tactical role-playing games Project X Zone and its sequel, wearing her costume from Revelations,[24][25] and in the browser-based social game Onimusha Soul (2013), where she was re-designed to fit the feudal Japan theme.[26]

Design and portrayal

During development of the original Resident Evil, Jill was conceived as physically weaker than the game's male protagonist Chris Redfield, but she was given more skills and weapons to compensate.[27] While interviewing the game's director, Shinji Mikami, Keith Stuart from The Guardian noted that Jill fought alongside her male counterparts and generally wore similar combat clothing. On questioning Mikami on how he chose to portray women in Resident Evil, he expressed his opposition to the sexual objectification of women in video games. In addition to avoiding eroticising characters, he said he refuses to portray women who are submissive to male characters, concluding that he writes female "characters who discover their interdependence as the game progresses, or who already know they are independent but have that tested against a series of challenges".[28] The development team for Resident Evil 3: Nemesis, which was also overseen by Mikami, said Jill was deliberately designed to make her "beautiful for everybody" and appeal to both male and female gamers; males would find her physically attractive and females would see her as a tough role model.[29] Jill's costume consisted of a blue tube top, black miniskirt, knee-high boots and a white sweater wrapped around her waist.[30]

A woman wearing a costume at a convention from the waist up. She is wearing a dark blue beret, light blue shirt with shoulder armour and black fingerless gloves. She is pointing a pistol towards the viewer
Jill's face model Julia Voth cosplaying as the character at WonderCon 2016

For the 2002 remake of Resident Evil, Capcom producer Hiroyuki Kobayashi said they made Jill "a little cuter" so that "her action and atmosphere has charm". However, so that she remained a tough character, her body was designed to be muscular rather than slim. Jill's outfit in Resident Evil 3 was added as an optional costume in the remake at the request of staff members who were "crazy" about it.[31] Her facial and physical appearance from the remake onwards is based on that of Canadian model and actress Julia Voth.[32] In January 2016, Voth released pictures of herself cosplaying as Jill, and stated her intention to appear at conventions as the character.[33]

On the subject of changes to Jill and Chris Redfield's appearance in Resident Evil 5, production director Yasuhiro Anpo said that he tried "to preserve their image and imagined how they would have changed over the passage of time". They "made a new design that retained their signature color—green for Chris, blue for Jill—to carry over the same look from the past". Facial structures were mainly based on visuals from the 2002 remake, with added details to make them more realistic.[34] Jill's character model was paler than usual in this entry to the series and her hair was blonde, both of which were explained in-universe as being due to a pigment abnormality sustained while her body was under experimentation. Capcom producer Jun Takeuchi said Jill's unlockable "classic look" STARS uniform from the original game was his favorite extra costume in Resident Evil 5.[35]

Jill was voiced by Catherine Disher in Resident Evil 3 and Marvel vs. Capcom 2,[4] and by Heidi Anderson in the 2002 remake of the first game.[5] Patricia Ja Lee provided the voice and motion capture for Jill in The Umbrella Chronicles, Resident Evil 5 and Resident Evil: The Mercenaries 3D.[36] Kari Wahlgren assumed the role in Marvel vs. Capcom 3; Michelle Ruff lent her voice to the character in Resident Evil: Revelations and Resident Evil: Operation Raccoon City. Ruff said of her role: "Jills's voice says a lot about her personality. I kept her in my lower register. She's all business and not 'girly' at all. Almost military-ish".[37]

Gameplay

Jill was one of the first two player characters in the Resident Evil series. In the original game, Jill plays differently than Chris as she runs more slowly, can absorb less damage, and is less accurate with firearms. She has two more inventory slots and access to stronger weapons. Jill is armed with a gun at the start, while Chris begins with only a knife. She also carries a lockpick capable of opening doors and caches, knows how to play piano (which is useful in-game), and is aided by the overprotective Barry.[27] In the game's 2002 remake, she has a taser as her personal defensive weapon.[38] In Resident Evil 3: Nemesis, Jill will enter the "Live Selection Mode" during certain sections of the game where the player is prompted to choose quickly between one of two possible actions (the choice of action affects the direction of the game and story, including which ending the player receives). It is also during this game that Jill became the first character to be able to do a quick 180-degree turn, which has since become a staple of the series.[39]

In Marvel vs. Capcom 2, Jill is a fast and agile character who is able to summon monsters to attack her opponent.[40] She can also heal the player's active character if she is used as a support character. In Marvel vs. Capcom 3, Jill is available as a DLC character,[41] and was given a complete overhaul, with her appearance and move-set being based on her Resident Evil 5 incarnation and using teleportation moves reminiscent of those employed by Albert Wesker.[42]

Other appearances

In films

Sienna Guillory portrays Jill in the live-action film series. At first, the films' director Paul W. S. Anderson chose Natasha Henstridge, but she was unavailable; he then considered Mira Sorvino.[43] Jill first appears in Resident Evil: Apocalypse (2004), the second film in series. In it Jill is a former STARS member (having been suspended for filing "false" reports about zombies),[44] and a foil to the main character, Alice. Jill tries to escape Raccoon City along with a group of survivors and is one of the few to make it out. Guillory was set to appear in the sequel, Resident Evil: Extinction, but she had commitments to other work. Instead, producers Anderson and Jeremy Bolt decided to have Claire Redfield appear alongside the film's lead, Alice.[45]

Jill returns at the end of the film Resident Evil: Afterlife (2010) in a costume based on her Resident Evil 5 suit. She is now under the control of the Umbrella Corporation and leads an attack against Alice, Claire, Chris Redfield and the remaining human survivors. Jill is the main antagonist of the fifth film, Resident Evil: Retribution (2012),[46] where she ultimately regains control over herself during a duel with Alice. Guillory said she was "incredibly proud to be a part of [the film]" and felt "there is no greater motivator than knowing you're going to be squaring off against Milla Jovovich [Alice] in a cat-suit months after giving birth to twins", but she had problems with Jill's "boob-ament" mind control device prop during the fifth film's production.[47] In October 2014, Jill was reported to be appearing in the then upcoming film, Resident Evil: The Final Chapter,[48] though she did not end up featuring in the film.[49]

In literature

Jill Valentine appears in several novels based on the Resident Evil series, particularly those penned by S. D. Perry. In her 1998 novel Resident Evil: The Umbrella Conspiracy, Jill is said to be the daughter of professional thief Dick Valentine, as well as his accomplice before her career in law enforcement (in apparent conflict with her supposed Delta Force background), explaining her unrivaled infiltration skills and "mastery of unlocking".[50] Jill also appears in several comic books based on the game series, including the WildStorm 1990s series Resident Evil,[51] the 1996 Marvel Comics one shot Resident Evil,[52] and the 2011 comic Marvel vs. Capcom: Fate of Two Worlds.[53]

In merchandise

The character has been featured in various Resident Evil merchandise, including action figures, such as one made by NECA in 2011.[54] Two detailed 1/6 scale figures by Hot Toys were commissioned by Capcom to commemorate the 15th anniversary of Resident Evil in 2010.[55][56] Jill was also featured as a character in Bandai's 2011 Resident Evil Deck Building Game and included as one of two pre-order promotional cards.[57]

Footage of Jill is featured in a Resident Evil-themed pachinko machine.[58] Capcom's themed restaurant Biohazard Cafe & Grill STARS opened in Japan in 2012, and featured a dish named "STARS Original Noodles (Women Only) 'Jill Ver.'" on the menu.[59] Universal Orlando's Halloween Horror Nights 2013 featured Jill as one of the two main characters in a haunted house set in Raccoon City, based on Resident Evil 2 and Resident Evil 3: Nemesis.[60]

Cultural impact

Reception

Within the Resident Evil universe, she's invaluable to her Alpha Team; competent, clever and professional, she's the resident bomb expert and, of course, the master of unlocking. But she also offers certain advantages to the player. While she can't take as much damage as Chris can, she does have those two extra inventory slots, which, when you've discovered a cache of shotgun shells, can make all the difference. Jill is an asset, both inside the story and out; she's not 'good, for a woman' but simply 'good.' And while Rebecca, Claire and Ada each have their individual strengths and weaknesses, like Jill they are all powerful and competent human beings.[61]

—Lara Crigger, The Escapist, 2007

The Duluth News Tribune described Jill in 2002 as the "best super heroine this side of Lara Croft",[62] and in 2008 GameDaily ranked her as their tenth favorite Capcom character of all time.[63] She was voted the 43rd most popular video-game character of all time in the Guinness World Records Gamer's Edition of 2011,[64] and the Guinness World Records 2013: Gamer's Edition recognized her as "the first female player character in a survival-horror game".[65][note 1] That same year, Complex and GamingBolt both included her among the greatest video game mascots,[67][68] and GamesRadar staff included this "highly capable officer" among the 30 best characters in the three decades of Capcom's history.[69]

In 2013 Michael Rougeau of Complex ranked Jill 30th on the list of greatest heroines in video-game history,[70] while Marshall Honorof of Tom's Guide included her among the top ten female video-game protagonists, writing that "equally good at gunning down the undead and solving tricky puzzles, Jill set a high standard for heroines in survival-horror games: smart, capable and devoted to her partners."[71] That same year, the "smart and resourceful" Jill was also similarly ranked as the tenth-best female protagonist in gaming by the staff of GamesTM, who stated: "When you think of a lead protagonist for the series, your mind might jump to Chris Redfield or Leon S. Kennedy, but she’s the most consistent character throughout the series".[72] She has often been viewed as one of the most attractive female characters in video games. In 2010 and 2011 respectively, Sarah Warn of AfterEllen.com and Lisa Foiles of The Escapist placed her in the top five "hottest" female characters, with Foiles describing her as "one of the hottest female character designs ever".[73][74]

One of the celebrated aspects of Jill's role in the series has been her ongoing partnership with Chris Redfield. In 2010 James Hawkins of Joystick Division graded Chris and Jill as the fifth-top duo in video-game history, as "the two of them together make a force that cannot be slowed by even the most sophisticated undead forces". He explained why the partnership worked so well: "Jill Valentine represents the more intellectual protagonist—the kind that survives on a sharp mind, a thrifty expenditure of resources, and sheer cleverness [that] contrasts perfectly Chris Redfield's machismo."[75] In 2011 Michael Harradence of PSU.com opined that the duo together form "the nucleus" of the whole series,[76] and in 2012 Brittany Vincent of Complex ranked them as the "15th-most ass-kicking" game duo saying, "Forget Chris and Sheva. Jill is where it's at."[77]

At the Digital Games Research Association conference in 2003, Sara Grimes argued that Jill's portrayal in the original Resident Evil game adhered to the gender stereotypes of damsel in distress and battered woman. Despite being the protagonist, Jill's role was undermined by her reliance on being rescued by her stronger male counterparts. Her size was unrealistic considering her position in the special forces; slender but "overtly voluptuous", Grimes wrote, Jill was "aesthetically 'shaped' rather than genuinely reflective of athletic training". Her clothing accentuated this, and she was the only member of her team not to wear a bulletproof vest, which created an inconsistency in the plot.[78] While several publications praised Jill's outfit (a tube top and miniskirt) in Resident Evil 3,[79][80][81] others criticized it as "fan service".[82][83][84] Bob Mackey from 1UP.com ranked her as the fifth worst-dressed video-game character because of the costume, describing it as an "embarrassing relic" from a period in which game producers concentrated on the teenage-boy demographic.[30]

Discussing body language and the concept of the male gaze in video games, Anita Sarkeesian cites Jill's physical movements in Resident Evil: Revelations as an example of female characters who walk in an overly sexualized manner.[85] Stephen Harper, senior lecturer in media studies at the University of Portsmouth, cites Jill's appearance in the film Resident Evil: Apocalypse as oversexualized. Throughout the film, the camera frequently follows Jill and Alice from behind. Jill's first appearance in the film shows her legs in a miniskirt, rather than her face. The next scene, shot from below, focuses on her legs and buttocks as she walks toward the police station.[86][87] Sarkeesian argues that the Resident Evil franchise has been "particularly guilty" over the years of offering its female characters as "rewards"; the sexualized alternative costumes that players can choose for Jill and other female characters (such as pirate, nurse and schoolgirl outfits) undermine their value as professional soldiers.[88]

Memes

The line "You were almost a Jill sandwich", spoken by Barry Burton in the first Resident Evil game after Jill was almost crushed by a falling ceiling trap, sparked an Internet meme of "Jill Sandwich".[89][90][91][92] In a seperate scene Barry refers to Jill as the "Master of Unlocking", leading to a "Master of Unlocking" meme; the dialog was removed in the remake of the game.[92][93][94][95] UGO featured both of these "hilariously dumb" scenes on their list of the 25 worst cutscenes in gaming history in 2011.[96] Chris Hoffman from GamesRadar included "Jill Sandwich" among Capcom's greatest contributions to gaming history in 2013.[97]

The memes were referenced by Capcom in the mobile game Resident Evil: Uprising, and in the unrelated game Dead Rising, which featured a sandwich shop named "Jill's Sandwiches". In 2012, Complex included the "Jill's Sandwiches" shop on a list of the best Easter eggs in video games.[92][98][99] The sandwich meme is referenced in Resident Evil: Revelations 2 by Claire, and the unlocking meme is also referenced in the game by Barry.[100] Bandai included a "Master of Unlocking" card (AC-011) in its Resident Evil collectible card game adaptation.[101] Resident Evil creator Shinji Mikami's non-Capcom game The Evil Within features a player trophy called "Master of Unlocking".[102]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jill Valentine.

Notes

  1. ^ However, Guinness' information is incorrect. Jennifer Simpson was the player character in the survival-horror game Clock Tower, which was released one year before Jill's first appearance in Resident Evil.[66]

References

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