New Ulm, Minnesota: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|City in Minnesota, United States}} |
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{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2013}} |
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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|official_name = New Ulm |
|official_name = New Ulm |
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|settlement_type = [[City]] |
|settlement_type = [[City]] |
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|nickname = |
|nickname = |
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|motto = |
|motto = "A City of Charm And Tradition" |
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| named_for = [[Ulm]], [[Germany]] |
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<!-- Images --> |
<!-- Images --> |
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|image_skyline = |
|image_skyline = 2009-0805-MN-NewUlm-CHD.jpg |
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|imagesize = |
|imagesize = |
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|image_caption = |
|image_caption = Downtown New Ulm |
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|image_flag = |
|image_flag = |
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|image_seal = |
|image_seal = |
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<!-- Maps --> |
<!-- Maps --> |
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|image_map = Brown County Minnesota Incorporated and Unincorporated areas New Ulm Highlighted.svg |
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|image_map = Brown_County_Minnesota_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_New_Ulm_Highlighted.svg |
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|mapsize = 250px |
|mapsize = 250px |
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|map_caption = Location of New Ulm, Minnesota |
|map_caption = Location of the city of New Ulm<br />within [[Brown County, Minnesota|Brown County]]<br />in the state of [[Minnesota]] |
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|image_map1 = |
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<!-- Location --> |
<!-- Location --> |
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|subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] |
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|coordinates_region = US-MN |
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|subdivision_name = United States |
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|subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]] |
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|subdivision_type1 = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]] |
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|subdivision_name1 = [[Minnesota]] |
|subdivision_name1 = [[Minnesota]] |
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|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Minnesota|County]] |
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Minnesota|County]] |
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<!-- Government --> |
<!-- Government --> |
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|government_footnotes = |
|government_footnotes = |
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|government_type = Mayor |
|government_type = Mayor – Council |
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|leader_title = Mayor |
|leader_title = Mayor |
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|leader_name = |
|leader_name = Kathleen Backer |
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|leader_title1 = |
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|leader_name1 = |
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|established_title = |
|established_title = |
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|established_date = |
|established_date = |
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<!-- Area --> |
<!-- Area --> |
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|unit_pref |
|unit_pref = Imperial |
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|area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_27.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=July 24, 2022}}</ref> |
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|area_footnotes = |
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|area_magnitude = |
|area_magnitude = |
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|area_total_km2 = |
|area_total_km2 = 26.66 |
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|area_land_km2 = |
|area_land_km2 = 26.31 |
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|area_water_km2 = 0. |
|area_water_km2 = 0.36 |
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|area_total_sq_mi = |
|area_total_sq_mi = 10.29 |
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|area_land_sq_mi = |
|area_land_sq_mi = 10.16 |
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|area_water_sq_mi = 0. |
|area_water_sq_mi = 0.14 |
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<!-- Population --> |
<!-- Population --> |
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|population_as_of = [[United States Census |
|population_as_of = [[2020 United States Census|2020]] |
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|population_footnotes = |
|population_footnotes = |
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|population_total = |
|population_total = 14120 |
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|population_density_km2 = |
|population_density_km2 = 536.78 |
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|population_density_sq_mi = |
|population_density_sq_mi = 1390.31 |
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<!-- General information --> |
<!-- General information --> |
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|timezone_DST = CDT |
|timezone_DST = CDT |
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|utc_offset_DST = -5 |
|utc_offset_DST = -5 |
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|elevation_footnotes = |
|elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/> |
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|elevation_ft = 896 |
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|coordinates = {{coord|44|18|43|N|94|28|07|W|region:US-MN|display=inline,title}} |
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|elevation_ft = 899 |
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|latd = 44 |latm = 18 |lats = 43 |latNS = N |
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|longd = 94 |longm = 27 |longs = 47 |longEW = W |
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<!-- Area/postal codes & others --> |
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|postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]] |
|postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]] |
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|postal_code = 56073 |
|postal_code = 56073 |
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|area_code = [[Area code 507|507]] |
|area_code = [[Area code 507|507]] |
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|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]] |
|blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]] |
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|blank_info = 27-46042{{ |
|blank_info = 27-46042<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> |
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|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID |
|blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID |
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|blank1_info = |
|blank1_info = 2395217<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2395217}}</ref> |
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|website = [http://www.ci.new-ulm.mn.us/ ci.new-ulm.mn.us] |
|website = [http://www.ci.new-ulm.mn.us/ ci.new-ulm.mn.us] |
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|footnotes = |
|footnotes = |
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|pop_est_as_of = |
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|pop_est_footnotes = |
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|population_est = |
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}} |
}} |
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'''New Ulm''' is a city in [[Brown County, Minnesota|Brown County]], [[Minnesota]], [[United States]]. The population was 13,594 at the [[United States Census, 2000|2000 census]]. It is the [[county seat]] of [[Brown County, Minnesota|Brown County]].{{GR|6}} |
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'''New Ulm''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|n|juː|_|ˈ|ʌ|l|m}} {{respell|NEW|_|ULM}})<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ap.org/minnesota/prono.html |title=Minnesota Pronunciation Guide |website=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=July 4, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722194213/http://www.ap.org/minnesota/prono.html |archive-date=July 22, 2011 }}</ref> is a city and the [[county seat]] of [[Brown County, Minnesota]], United States. The population was 14,120 at the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]].<ref name="2020 Census (City)">{{cite web|title=Census|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/all?q=new%20ulm|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=March 17, 2022}}</ref><ref name="GR6">{{cite web |url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=2011-06-07|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> It is located on the triangle of land formed by the [[confluence]] of the [[Minnesota River]] and the [[Cottonwood River (Minnesota)|Cottonwood River]]. |
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Located in the triangle of land formed by the [[confluence]] of the [[Minnesota River]] and the [[Cottonwood River (Minnesota)|Cottonwood River]], the city is home to the [[Minnesota Music Hall of Fame]], the [[Hermann Heights Monument]], [[Martin Luther College]], [[Flandrau State Park]], and the [[August Schell Brewing Company]]. New Ulm is the [[episcopal see]] of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of New Ulm]].<ref>http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dnewu.html</ref> |
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The city is home to the [[Hermann Heights Monument]], [[Flandrau State Park]], the historic [[August Schell Brewing Company]], and the [[Minnesota Music Hall of Fame]]. The city is known for its German heritage and its historical sites and landmarks dating back to the [[US-Dakota War of 1862]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=New Ulm, Minnesota {{!}} Advisory Council on Historic Preservation |url=https://www.achp.gov/preserve-america/community/new-ulm-minnesota |access-date=2022-05-08 |website=www.achp.gov}}</ref> |
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[[U.S. Route 14]] and Minnesota State Highways [[Minnesota State Highway 15|15]] and [[Minnesota State Highway 68|68]] are three of the main arterial routes in the city. |
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New Ulm is the [[episcopal see]] of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of New Ulm]] and home to the [[Handmaids of the Heart of Jesus]].<ref>{{Catholic-hierarchy|diocese|dnewu|Diocese of New Ulm|21 January 2015}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Eldred |first=Sheila |date=14 June 2017 |orig-date=22 October 2015 |title=Who Becomes a Nun in 2015? |url=https://psmag.com/social-justice/who-becomes-a-nun-in-2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221006072447/https://psmag.com/social-justice/who-becomes-a-nun-in-2015 |archive-date=6 October 2022 |access-date=2023-12-17 |website=Pacific Standard |language=en}}</ref> The Dakota called New Ulm the "Village on the Cottonwood" or Wachupata. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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The city was founded in 1854<ref>[http://www.newulm.com/about/history.html New Ulm Chamber of Commerce<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> by [[Germany|German]] immigrants Christian Ludwig Meyer, Alois Palmer, Athanasius Henle, and Franz Massopoust. The city was named after the city of [[Ulm]] in southern [[Germany]]. Today, [[Ulm]] and [[Neu-Ulm]] are New Ulm's [[Town twinning|sister cities]]. In part due to the city's German heritage, it is a center for [[brewing]] in the [[Upper Midwest]], home to the [[August Schell Brewing Company]]. |
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===Settlement=== |
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[[File:2009-0805-MN-NewUlm-KieslingHouse.jpg|left|thumb|The [[Frederick W. Kiesling House|Kiesling House]] was one of three downtown buildings to survive the Dakota War and is listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].]] |
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[[File:NewUlm-1stSettlers.jpg|thumb|left|The first European-American settlers of New Ulm, 1854.]] |
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The city was founded in 1854<ref>[http://www.newulm.com/about/history.html New Ulm Chamber of Commerce<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070206132950/http://www.newulm.com/about/history.html |date=February 6, 2007 }}</ref> by the German Land Company of Chicago. The city was named after the city of [[Neu-Ulm]] in the state of [[Bavaria]] in southern Germany.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q_lKAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA12 | title=History of the Origin of the Place Names in Nine Northwestern States | year=1908 | pages=12}}</ref> [[Ulm]] and [[Neu-Ulm]] are [[twin cities]], with Ulm on the [[Baden-Württemberg]] side of the [[Danube]] River and Neu-Ulm on the Bavarian side. In part due to the American city's German heritage, it became a center for brewing in the [[Upper Midwest]]. It is home to the [[August Schell Brewing Company]]. The Sioux called it Wakzupata which roughly means the "village on the cottonwood".<ref>Lightening Blankets Story, Minnesota History Magazine,Vol.38 Fall 1938, pp.126-149 [http://collections.mnhs.org/MNHistoryMagazine/articles/38/v38i03p126-149.pdf]</ref> |
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In 1856, the Settlement Association of the Socialist [[Turners|Turner Society]] ("Turners") helped to secure the future of New Ulm. The Turners (German for "gymnasts") originated in Germany in the first half of the nineteenth century, whose motto was "Sound Mind, Sound Body". Their clubs combined gymnastics with lectures and debates about the issues of the day. Following the failed [[Revolutions of 1848]], [[Forty-Eighters|numerous Germans emigrated to the United States.]] In their new land, Turners formed associations (''Vereins'') throughout the eastern, midwestern, and western states. This was the largest secular German-American organization in the country in the nineteenth century. |
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In the [[Dakota War of 1862]], the city was attacked and burned by [[Taoyateduta]] (Little Crow) and his Dakota [[Sioux]] warriors.<ref name="scouting">{{cite book | last =Burnham | first =Frederick Russell | authorlink =Frederick Russell Burnham | coauthors = | title =Scouting on Two Continents | publisher =Doubleday, Page and Co | date =1926 | location =New York | pages = 2 (autobiographical account)| url = | doi = | id = ASIN B000F1UKOA }}</ref> |
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Following a series of attacks by [[nativism (politics)|nativist]] mobs in major cities such as Chicago, Cincinnati, and Louisville, a national convention of Turners authorized the formation of a colony on the frontier. Intending to develop a community that expressed Turner ideals, the Settlement Association joined the Chicago Germans who had struggled here due to a lack of capital. The Turners supplied that, as well as hundreds of colonists from the east who arrived in 1856.<ref>Alice Felt Tyler, [http://collections.mnhs.org/MNHistoryMagazine/articles/30/v30i01p024-035.pdf "William Pfaender and the Founding of New Ulm"], ''Minnesota History'' 30 (March 1949): 24-35; Grady Steele Parker, editor, ''Wilhelm Pfaender and the German American Experience'' (Roseville, Minn.: Edinborough Press, 2009).</ref> |
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On July 15, 1881, New Ulm was struck by a [[1881 Minnesota tornado outbreak|large tornado]] that killed 6 and injured 53. |
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The city plan represented Turner ideals. The German Land Company hired Christian Prignitz to complete the plan for New Ulm, which was filed in April 1858. This master plan for New Ulm expressed a grand vision of the city's future. At the heart of the community stood blocks reserved for Turner Hall, the county courthouse, and a public school, representing the political, social, and educational center of the community. The westernmost avenues were named after American heroes George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and Thomas Paine—the latter three noted for their freethinking philosophies. Members were given the means to support themselves — in harmony with nature — through the distribution of four-acre garden lots located outside the residential area. Historian Dennis Gimmestad wrote, |
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During [[World War II]], German POWs were housed in a camp to the immediate southeast of New Ulm, in what is now [[Flandrau State Park]]. In 1944 a New Ulm family was fined $300 for removing a prisoner from the camp, housing him and taking him to church.<ref>Dean B. Simmons, ''Swords into Plowshares,'' Cathedral Hill Books, 2000</ref> |
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<blockquote>"The founders’ goals created a community persona that sets New Ulm apart from the Minnesota towns founded by land speculators or railroad companies.... The New Ulm founders aspired to establish a town with a defined philosophical, economic, and social character".<ref>Dennis Gimmestad, "Territorial Space: Platting New Ulm", ''Minnesota History'' 56 (Summer 1999): 340-350. Also see Rainier Vollmar, "Ideology and Settlement Plan: Case of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and New Ulm, Minnesota", address to the Brown County Historical Society, May 18, 1991, tape recording, Brown County Historical Society.</ref></blockquote> |
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[[File:2009-0805-MN-NewUlm-KieslingHouse.jpg|upright|thumb|The [[Frederick W. Kiesling House|Kiesling House]] was one of three downtown buildings to survive the Dakota War. It is listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].]] |
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===The Brown County Historical Society=== |
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[[Image:New Ulm Museum.jpg|thumb|right|The Historical Museum is housed in the old post office building, listed on the NRHP.]] |
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[[Image:NewUlmTower.jpg|thumb|right|The bell tower in New Ulm, MN]] |
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The Brown County Historical Society, located at 2 North Broadway houses 3 floors of exhibits and one of the largest archives in the state. It contains over 5,500 family files, microfilm of census, naturalization, church, cemetery and birth and death records as well as business and history files. [http://www.browncountyhistorymnusa.org] |
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===U.S.–Dakota War of 1862=== |
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{{Main articles|Battles of New Ulm}} |
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Located at Center and State Streets, Defender's Monument was erected in [[1891]] by the [[State of Minnesota]] to honor the memory of the defenders who aided New Ulm during the [[Dakota War of 1862]]. The artwork at the base was created by New Ulm artist [[Anton Gag]]. |
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On August 18, 1862, the [[US-Dakota War of 1862|US-Dakota War]] began with the [[attack at the Lower Sioux Agency]] only 30 miles up the [[Minnesota River]] from New Ulm. As the closest significant town to the [[Lower Sioux Indian Reservation|Dakota Reservation]], New Ulm fell under attack by a [[Mdewakanton]] force the next day. A hastily-formed militia of armed townspeople repelled the attack and immediately set about constructing barricades around the center of the town.<ref>Wall, Oscar Garrett (1908). Recollections of the Sioux Massacre. Lake City, Minnesota: The Home Printery. p. 124</ref> |
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The monument has not been changed since its completion (except for being moved to the middle of the block), which includes the words. An author once wrote this concerning the monument, "…the large obelisk that New Ulm promotes by placing in the center of a key road, right between the courthouse and a school, is alarming. It was erected in 1890, and its vintage wording proves utter ignorance…The Monument entails that the Dakota people were never neighbors, only enemies and utter savages. The city diadems the dominant force, yet wrongly ignores the abuses which led to the deadly scenario of 1862…"<ref>http://www.nujournal.com/page/content.detail/id/310667.html?nav=2921</ref> |
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The Dakota returned with a larger force on the morning of August 23. Bolstered by the timely arrival of volunteer [[militia]] from other towns under [[Charles Eugene Flandrau|Charles Flandrau]], the outnumbered defenders of New Ulm again repelled the attack.<ref>Wall, Oscar Garrett (1908). Recollections of the Sioux Massacre. Lake City, Minnesota: The Home Printery. p. 125</ref> Most of the town outside the barricades was burned, however, leaving only 49 buildings to house a population of 2500.<ref>Clodfelter, Micheal (1998). ''The Dakota War: the United States Army versus the Sioux, 1862-1865''. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co. p. 42. {{ISBN|0-7864-0419-1}}.</ref> Short of shelter and ammunition and facing outbreaks of disease, the majority of the population evacuated to [[Mankato, Minnesota|Mankato]] on August 25.<ref name="scouting">{{cite book | last =Burnham | first =Frederick Russell | author-link =Frederick Russell Burnham | title =Scouting on Two Continents | publisher =Doubleday, Page and Co | year =1926 | location =New York | pages = 2 (autobiographical account)| id = ASIN B000F1UKOA }}</ref><ref>Wall, Oscar Garrett (1908). Recollections of the Sioux Massacre. Lake City, Minnesota: The Home Printery. p. 127</ref> The dead were buried in New Ulm's streets. |
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===Hermann Monument=== |
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{{main | Hermann Heights Monument}} |
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The Hermann Monument in New Ulm dominates the [[Minnesota River]] valley from a hill overlooking the city. Inspired by a similar monument called ''[[Hermannsdenkmal]]'' near [[Detmold]], [[Germany]], this figure served as a symbol for members of the [[Sons of Hermann]], a fraternal organization of [[German Americans]]. In 1885 the 362 Sons of Hermann lodges across the country committed themselves to the construction of a monument representing their cultural heritage. Through the efforts of Minnesota’s 53 Sons of Hermann lodges, the monument was built in New Ulm, home to many [[Germans|German]] [[immigrants]]. The sculptor chosen for this project was a German sculptor from [[Ohio]], [[Alfons Pelzer]]. |
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===1881 Tornado=== |
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A 2000 years anniversary took place in New Ulm in September 2009, commemorating the [[Battle of the Teutoburg Forest]] in which Hermann successfully led a union of Germanic tribes against the Roman Legions under [[Varus]] in the year 9 AD. |
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On July 15, 1881, New Ulm was struck by a [[1881 Minnesota tornado outbreak|large tornado]] that killed six people and injured 53. |
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[[Image:HermannNewUlm.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Hermann Monument in [[New Ulm]], Minnesota.]] |
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===World War I and II=== |
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Between the outbreak of [[World War I]] in 1914 and U.S. entry into the conflict, the citizens of New Ulm closely followed events in Europe. Local newspapers sometimes printing news from relatives and friends in Germany. In an unofficial referendum in early April 1917, local voters opposed war by a margin of 466 to 19. Even as President [[Woodrow Wilson]] prepared his Declaration of War, a Brown County delegation arrived in [[Washington, D.C.]] to voice its opposition to that action. |
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On the national level, the Wilson administration organized an active campaign to suppress antiwar fervor, joined on the state level by Minnesota Governor [[James Burnquist]]. The Minnesota Commission of Public Safety was granted broad powers to protect the state and assist in the war effort. Specific actions taken by the commission included surveillance of alleged subversive activities, mobilization of opposition to labor unions and strikes (which were considered even more suspect in wartime), pursuit of draft evaders, and registration and monitoring of [[alien (law)|alien]]s (foreign nationals). |
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Given the strong German heritage of New Ulm residents, federal and state agents began to visit the city soon after the United States' entry into the Great War. They filed reports to offices in Washington and St. Paul because immigrants and first-generation ethnics were suspected of having divided loyalties at best, and perhaps favoring Prussia and the Central Powers. Locally, several business and civic leaders joined in efforts to root out antiwar fervor. |
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On July 25, 1917, a massive rally, attended by 10,000 people, was held on the grounds of Turner Hall. The people had gathered to “enter a protest against sending American soldiers to a foreign country.” Speakers included Louis Fritsche, mayor of New Ulm; Albert Pfaender, city attorney and former minority leader of the Minnesota House of Representatives; Adolph Ackermann, director of Dr. Martin Luther College; and F. H. Retzlaff, a prominent businessman. Federal and state agents mingled through the crowd, gathering information. |
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A month later, Governor Burnquist removed Fritsche and Pfaender from their positions. The Commission of Public Safety pressured the college to fire Ackermann. These blows sharply divided the community — on one side, many residents took the removals as an attack on the city's heritage and traditions. Albert Pfaender was the son, and Fritsche, the son-in-law, of the city's principal founder, Wilhelm Pfaender. On the other side, prominent local businessmen, including flour mill managers, feared economic repercussions and promoted pro-war parades and bond drives.<ref>''New Ulm Review'', May 23, 1917. For an overview of these events, see Carl H. Chrislock, ''Watchdog of Loyalty: The Minnesota Commission of Public Safety During World War I'' (St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society, 1991).</ref> |
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During [[World War II]], German POWs were housed in a camp to the immediate southeast of New Ulm, in what is now [[Flandrau State Park]]. In 1944, a New Ulm family was fined $300 for removing a prisoner from the camp, housing him, and taking him to church.<ref>Dean B. Simmons, ''Swords into Plowshares,'' Cathedral Hill Books, 2000</ref> |
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==Historic sites== |
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===Turner Hall=== |
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New Ulm Turner Hall, with the oldest section constructed in 1873, was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. It is the oldest [[Turners|Turner]] Hall in the United States still in its original use. The north half of the building is a combination of exterior wall elements of a 1901 hall/theater that burned in 1952 with a 1953 interior and main facade. Turner Hall remains one of the most active in the country and one that continues its original mission at the same location after more than 150 years. Its Rathskeller is likely the oldest continuously used bar in Minnesota, while its gymnastics program is also the oldest in the state. The Rathskeller features murals of scenes from Germany, painted by Guido Methua (1873), Christian Heller (1887), and Anton Gag (1901). These were recently restored with support from a grant from the Minnesota Historical Society.<ref>Daniel J. Hoisington, ''A German Town: A History of New Ulm, Minnesota'' (Edinborough Press, 2004).</ref> |
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===Brown County Historical Society=== |
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[[File:NewUlmPostOffice.jpg|thumb|right|The Historical Museum is housed in the old post office building, listed in the NRHP.]] |
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The Brown County Historical Society, located at 2 North Broadway houses 3 floors of exhibits and one of the largest archives in the state. It contains over 5,500 family files, microfilm of census, naturalization, church, cemetery and birth and death records as well as business and history files.<ref>[http://www.browncountyhistorymn.org/ Brown County Historical Society]</ref> |
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===Defender's monument=== |
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Located at Center and State Streets, Defender's Monument was erected in 1891 by the [[State of Minnesota]] to honor the memory of the defenders who aided New Ulm during the [[Dakota War of 1862]]. The artwork at the base was created by New Ulm artist [[Anton Gag]]. The monument has not been changed since its completion except for being moved to the middle of the block. |
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===Hermann monument=== |
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{{Main | Hermann Heights Monument}} |
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[[Image:HermannNewUlm.jpg|thumb|219px|right|[[Hermann Heights Monument]]]] |
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The Hermann Monument in New Ulm dominates the [[Minnesota River]] valley from a hill overlooking the city. Inspired by a similar monument called ''[[Hermannsdenkmal]]'' near [[Detmold]], Germany, the figure served as a symbol for members of the [[Sons of Hermann]], a fraternal organization of [[German Americans]]. In 1885, the 362 Sons of Hermann lodges across the country committed themselves to the construction of a monument representing their cultural heritage. Through the efforts of Minnesota's 53 Sons of Hermann lodges, the monument was built in New Ulm, home to many [[German American|German]] immigrants. The sculptor chosen for this project was a German sculptor from [[Ohio]], Alfons Pelzer. A delegation from New Ulm visited Ulm in 2009 and went up to the Teutoburger Forest and Detmold, in northern Germany, to commemorate the 2000th anniversary of the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, when Arminius, a chieftain of the Cherusci, a Germanic tribe, defeated a Roman army, led by Varus. |
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===German Bohemian monument=== |
===German Bohemian monument=== |
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A monument to German-Bohemian |
A monument to German-Bohemian immigration to America is located in New Ulm. It was erected in 1991 by the German-Bohemian Heritage Society to honor the German-Bohemian immigrants who arrived the area, mostly by a boat landing on the Minnesota River some 150 yards to the east. The immigrants came mostly from small villages, with the largest number from the village centers of Hostau, Muttersdorf, and Ronsperg.<ref>[https://germanbohemianheritagesociety.com/heimat-bucher/our-villages/muttersdorf/ Muttersdorf and its Historic Development], germanbohemianheritagesociety.com. Retrieved Nov 2, 2022</ref> Most of the immigrants were Catholic farmers who spoke a Bohemian dialect of German. |
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Inscribed in [[granite]] slabs around the base of the monument are the surnames of over 350 immigrant families. Many of these names are still prominent in the region. As more and more immigrants arrived, not all of whom could farm, they settled in the city of New Ulm and some of the small communities to the west and north. |
Inscribed in [[granite]] slabs around the base of the monument are the surnames of over 350 immigrant families. Many of these names are still prominent in the region. As more and more immigrants arrived, not all of whom could farm, they settled in the city of New Ulm and some of the small communities to the west and north. |
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The [[bronze]] statue that rests on top of the granite base was designed and sculpted by |
The [[bronze]] statue that rests on top of the granite base was designed and sculpted by Leopold Hafner, a German-Bohemian sculptor who now lives near [[Passau]], Germany. |
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The monument is located at 200 North German Street and is open year-round. |
The monument is located at 200 North German Street and is open year-round. |
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==Culture== |
==Culture== |
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New Ulm has been referred to as the ''City of Charm and Tradition''. |
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===Glockenspiel in Schonlau Park=== |
===Glockenspiel in Schonlau Park=== |
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[[Image:NewUlmTower.jpg|thumb|upright|The Glockenspiel bell tower]] |
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New Ulm's [[glockenspiel]] is one of the world's few free-standing [[carillon]] [[clock towers]]. It stands 45 feet high, and its largest [[Bourdon (bell)]] weighs 595 pounds while the total weight of the bells is two tons. The bells chime the time of day in [[Westminster Quarters|Westminster]] style. |
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New Ulm's [[glockenspiel]] is one of the world's few free-standing [[carillon]] [[clock towers]]. It stands 45 feet high, and its largest [[Bourdon (bell)]] weighs 595 pounds while the total weight of the bells is two tons. The bells chime the time of day in [[Westminster Quarters|Westminster]] style. |
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===Minnesota Music Hall of Fame=== |
===Minnesota Music Hall of Fame=== |
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In 1990, the [[Minnesota Music Hall of Fame]] was established in New Ulm. The museum displays music memorabilia from around the state.<ref>{{cite web|title=Honoring Minnesota musicians: Awards shows are gone, but the Hall of Fame lives on|author=Gabler, Jay|date=December 4, 2017|url=https://blog.thecurrent.org/2017/12/honoring-minnesota-musicians-awards-shows-are-gone-but-the-hall-of-fame-lives-on/|access-date=March 19, 2019|publisher=Minnesota Public Radio}}</ref> |
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In 1962 it was first suggested by the governor that Minnesota develop a museum or [[Minnesota Music Hall of Fame|Hall of Fame]] to honor the rich music heritage Minnesota has to offer. |
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In 1990 New Ulm offered its old [[library]] building for the hall of fame site. Owing to the area's ethnic music heritage, the New Ulm was chosen. The [[Minnesota Music Hall of Fame]], Inc. was established with categories reflecting the wide variety of Minnesota's musical heritage. |
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The museum has displays of music [[memorabilia]] for musicians and groups from around the state, including [[Prince (musician)|Prince]], [[Judy Garland]], [[Bob Dylan]], and local artists [[Whoopee John Wilfahrt]] and The [[Six Fat Dutchmen]]. The Hall of Fame and museum is located at First North Street and Broadway. In summer the museum is open from Memorial Day through [[Labor Day]] each Thursday, Friday and Saturday from 10:00 a.m. until 4:00 p.m. |
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Each year in October the museum holds a [[wiktionary:Gala|gala]] to induct new members into the Hall of Fame, known locally as Minnesota's [[Grammies]]. |
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===Polka capital of the nation=== |
===Polka capital of the nation=== |
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Music was always a part of life in New Ulm, especially with the arrival of the musically-inclined |
Music was always a part of life in New Ulm, especially with the arrival of the musically-inclined [[Sudeten Germans]] in the 1870s. |
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[[Whoopee John Wilfahrt]] |
[[Whoopee John Wilfahrt]]'s successful career opened the door to what became known as "Old-Time" music. After him, other local bands such as those led by [[Harold Loeffelmacher]], [[Babe Wagner]], [[Elmer Scheid]] and [[Fezz Fritsche]] kept New Ulm well known around the state and region. They even produced nationally popular recordings.{{Citation needed|date=October 2007}} |
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With the opening of [[ |
With the opening of [[George's Ballroom]] and the New Ulm Ballroom and the start of [[KNUJ (AM)|KNUJ]] radio station in the 1940s, New Ulm billed itself as the "[[Polka]] Capital of the Nation".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newulm.com/about/history.html |title=New Ulm Chamber of Commerce |website=www.newulm.com |access-date=11 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070206132950/http://www.newulm.com/about/history.html |archive-date=6 February 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> New Ulm's Polka Days were known worldwide by polka lovers.{{citation needed|date=December 2021}} The festival was held each year in July. Polka Bands played on Minnesota Street and people danced and drank beer until well past midnight.{{citation needed|date=December 2021}} |
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[[Image:New ulm police.jpg|thumb |
[[Image:New ulm police.jpg|thumb|Parking meter checker stands by his police vehicle which is imprinted with the German word for police (Polizei). It is part of the town's highlighting its German ethnic origins. New Ulm, Minnesota, July 1974.]] |
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===Festivals=== |
===Festivals=== |
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Local events |
Local events held annually in New Ulm have celebrated German culture through food, music, and beer. New Ulm's Oktoberfest has been celebrated the first two weekends in October since 1981.<ref>[http://www.newulmoktoberfest.com/ New Ulm Oktoberfest]</ref> Bock Fest, often scheduled concurrently<ref>{{cite web|last=Moniz|first=Josh|title=New Ulm parties at Bock Fest, Fasching|url=http://www.nujournal.com/page/content.detail/id/523074/New-Ulm-parties-at-Bock-Fest--Fasching.html|work=New Ulm Journal|publisher=www.NUJournal.com|access-date=March 6, 2011}}</ref> with the local festivities for Fasching, has been celebrated since 1987 at the [[August Schell Brewing Company]]. [[Bavarian Blast]], a summer festival, was created as reinterpretation of New Ulm's longstanding festival, Heritagefest. |
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=== |
===In popular culture=== |
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New Ulm was the setting and filming location of the 1995 independent film ''[[The Toilers and the Wayfarers]]'', directed by Keith Froelich. The city was a filming location for the 2004 documentary ''[[American Beer (documentary)|American Beer]]''. It is also the setting of the 2009 |
New Ulm was the setting and filming location of the 1995 independent film ''[[The Toilers and the Wayfarers]]'', directed by Keith Froelich. The city was a filming location for the 2004 documentary ''[[American Beer (documentary)|American Beer]]''. It is also the setting of the 2009 comedy ''[[New in Town]]'', starring [[Renée Zellweger]] and [[Harry Connick Jr.]], although the movie was actually filmed in [[Selkirk, Manitoba]]. |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of |
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|10.26|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|9.92|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.34|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-11-13|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112090031/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt|archive-date=January 12, 2012|df=mdy-all}}</ref> The [[Minnesota River]] and the [[Cottonwood River (Minnesota)|Cottonwood River]] flow past the city on their way to the [[Mississippi River]]. |
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===Climate=== |
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New Ulm has a hot-summer [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] Dfa/Dwa), and it experiences four distinct seasons. Summers in New Ulm are typically warm to hot with thunderstorms being common. Winters are quite cold and snowy, yet not quite as snowy as other areas further east in Minnesota. |
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{{Weather box |
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|location = New Ulm (NEW ULM 2 SE, MN US), 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1893–present |
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|collapsed = Y |
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|single line = Y |
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|Jan record high F = 65 |
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|Feb record high F = 68 |
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|Mar record high F = 87 |
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|Apr record high F = 95 |
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|May record high F =103 |
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|Jun record high F =107 |
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|Jul record high F =111 |
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|Aug record high F =107 |
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|Sep record high F =106 |
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|Oct record high F = 92 |
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|Nov record high F = 83 |
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|Dec record high F = 73 |
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|year record high F = |
|||
|Jan high F = 23.7 |
|||
|Feb high F = 29.1 |
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|Mar high F = 41.2 |
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|Apr high F = 57.9 |
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|May high F = 69.9 |
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|Jun high F = 78.9 |
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|Jul high F = 82.9 |
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|Aug high F = 80.2 |
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|Sep high F = 72.3 |
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|Oct high F = 59.5 |
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|Nov high F = 42.1 |
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|Dec high F = 26.6 |
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|year high F = |
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|Jan mean F = 14.7 |
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|Feb mean F = 19.8 |
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|Mar mean F = 32.0 |
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|Apr mean F = 47.0 |
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|May mean F = 59.4 |
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|Jun mean F = 68.9 |
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|Jul mean F = 73.1 |
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|Aug mean F = 70.4 |
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|Sep mean F = 61.5 |
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|Oct mean F = 48.6 |
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|Nov mean F = 33.3 |
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|Dec mean F = 18.4 |
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|year mean F = |
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|Jan low F = 5.7 |
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|Feb low F = 10.4 |
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|Mar low F = 22.8 |
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|Apr low F = 36.0 |
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|May low F = 48.9 |
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|Jun low F = 58.9 |
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|Jul low F = 63.2 |
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|Aug low F = 60.7 |
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|Sep low F = 50.8 |
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|Oct low F = 37.7 |
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|Nov low F = 24.5 |
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|Dec low F = 10.3 |
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|year low F = |
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|Jan record low F =-37 |
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|Feb record low F =-37 |
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|Mar record low F =-28 |
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|Apr record low F = -3 |
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|May record low F = 19 |
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|Jun record low F = 31 |
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|Jul record low F = 39 |
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|Aug record low F = 34 |
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|Sep record low F = 16 |
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|Oct record low F = 1 |
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|Nov record low F =-17 |
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|Dec record low F =-36 |
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|year record low F= |
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|precipitation colour = green |
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|Jan precipitation inch = 0.64 |
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|Feb precipitation inch = 0.64 |
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|Mar precipitation inch = 1.86 |
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|Apr precipitation inch = 2.86 |
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|May precipitation inch = 3.44 |
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|Jun precipitation inch = 4.82 |
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|Jul precipitation inch = 3.98 |
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|Aug precipitation inch = 4.10 |
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|Sep precipitation inch = 3.21 |
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|Oct precipitation inch = 2.26 |
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|Nov precipitation inch = 1.62 |
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|Dec precipitation inch = 0.86 |
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|year precipitation inch= |
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|Jan snow inch = 7.9 |
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|Feb snow inch = 6.2 |
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|Mar snow inch = 7.6 |
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|Apr snow inch = 1.7 |
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|May snow inch =0.04 |
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|Jun snow inch = 0 |
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|Jul snow inch = 0 |
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|Aug snow inch = 0 |
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|Sep snow inch = 0 |
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|Oct snow inch = 0.4 |
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|Nov snow inch = 6.9 |
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|Dec snow inch = 9.0 |
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|year snow inch = |
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|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in |
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|Jan precipitation days = 6 |
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|Feb precipitation days = 6 |
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|Mar precipitation days = 8 |
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|Apr precipitation days = 9 |
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|May precipitation days =11 |
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|Jun precipitation days =11 |
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|Jul precipitation days = 9 |
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|Aug precipitation days = 9 |
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|Sep precipitation days = 9 |
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|Oct precipitation days = 7 |
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|Nov precipitation days = 6 |
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|Dec precipitation days = 6 |
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|year precipitation days= |
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|source 1 = Western Regional Climate Center<ref>{{cite web |
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|url=https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?mn5887 |format=PDF|title=NEW ULM 2 SE, MINNESOTA (215887)|publisher=Western Regional Climate Center}}</ref> |
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}} |
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==Demographics== |
==Demographics== |
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{{US Census population |
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As of the [[census]]{{GR|2}} of 2000, there were 13,594 people, 5,494 households, and 3,554 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was 1,548.3 people per square mile (597.8/km²). There were 5,736 housing units at an average density of 653.3/sq mi (252.2/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 98.10% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.11% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.15% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.46% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.03% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.50% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.65% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.26% of the population. |
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|1860= 635 |
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|1870= 1310 |
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|1880= 2471 |
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|1890= 3741 |
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|1900= 5403 |
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|1910= 5648 |
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|1920= 6745 |
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|1930= 7308 |
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|1940= 8743 |
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|1950= 9348 |
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|1960= 11114 |
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|1970= 13051 |
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|1980= 13755 |
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|1990= 13132 |
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|2000= 13594 |
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|2010= 13522 |
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|2020= 14120 |
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|align-fn=center |
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|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/all?q=new%20ulm|title=Census|author=United States Census Bureau|author-link=United States Census Bureau|access-date=March 17, 2022}}</ref> |
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}} |
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In 2002, the U.S. Census Bureau released a report showing that 65.85% of New Ulm's population has German ancestry, more per capita than any other city in the U.S. |
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There were 5,494 households out of which 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.9% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.3% were non-families. 31.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.89. |
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===2010 census=== |
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In the city the population was spread out with 23.1% under the age of 18, 12.6% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 16.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.2 males. |
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As of the census<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-11-13}}</ref> of 2010, there were 13,522 people, 5,732 households, and 3,511 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1363.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 5,987 housing units at an average density of {{convert|603.5|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 97.8% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.3% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.1% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.7% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.4% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 0.8% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.8% of the population. |
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There were 5,732 households, of which 25.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.7% were non-families. 33.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.80. |
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The median income for a household in the city was $40,044, and the median income for a family was $51,309. Males had a median income of $34,196 versus $24,970 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $20,308. About 4.6% of families and 6.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 7.1% of those under age 18 and 10.0% of those age 65 or over. |
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The median age in the city was 41.4 years. 20.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.6% were from 25 to 44; 27.6% were from 45 to 64; and 18.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.1% male and 50.9% female. |
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In 2002 the U.S. Census Bureau released a report showing New Ulm has 65.85% of population with German ancestry, more per capita than any other city in the U.S. |
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== |
===2000 census=== |
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As of the census<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 13,594 people, 5,494 households, and 3,554 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,548.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 5,736 housing units at an average density of {{convert|653.3|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 98.10% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.11% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.15% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.46% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.03% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.50% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.65% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.26% of the population. |
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[[Image:GagHouse.JPG|thumb|Anton Gag home]] |
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* [[Ali Bernard]], [[2008 Summer Olympics|2008 Olympic]] wrestler, born in New Ulm on April 11, 1986. |
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There were 5,494 households among which 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.9% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.3% were non-families. 31.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.89. |
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* [[Kathryn Adams Doty]], actress, born in New Ulm on July 15, 1920; married to actor [[Hugh Beaumont]] of ''[[Leave It To Beaver]]'' television show fame. |
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* [[Tony Eckstein]], former Minnesota [[politician]], [[Minnesota House of Representatives|legislator]] and New Ulm [[mayor]], born in New Ulm on May 29, 1923.[http://www.nujournal.com/page/content.detail/id/506304.html] |
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In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.1% under the age of 18, 12.6% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 16.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.2 males. |
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* [[Wanda Gag]], [[author]] and [[artist]], born in New Ulm on March 11, 1893. [http://www.newulmweb.com/citylights/gag/gag.htm] Her childhood home is open to tour. |
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* [[Tippi Hedren]], [[Alfred Hitchcock|Hitchcock]] actress, born in New Ulm on January 19, 1930. [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001335/] She was the star of Hitchcock's classic ''[[The Birds (film)|The Birds]]. |
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The median income for a household in the city was $40,044, and the median income for a family was $51,309. Males had a median income of $34,196 versus $24,970 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,308. About 4.6% of families and 6.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.1% of those under age 18 and 10.0% of those age 65 or over. |
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* [[John Lind (politician)|John Lind]], although born in [[Sweden]], immigrated to the United States and called New Ulm his hometown. He was a successful [[lawyer]] and the 14th [[governor]] of Minnesota [http://www.newulm.com/about/history.html] from 1899–1901. He later served as a United States [[Congressman]] from 1903–1905. |
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* [[Harold Loeffelmacher]], polka band leader, born near New Ulm on March 14, 1905, organized The [[Six Fat Dutchmen]] in New Ulm during the 1930s. [http://www.internationalpolka.com/loeffelmacher.htm] His band played polka music all over the United States. |
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==Politics== |
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* [[Brad Lohaus]], retired [[National Basketball Association]] player, born in New Ulm on September 29, 1964. |
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{{Hidden begin|titlestyle=background:#ccccff|title=Presidential election results 1960–2020}} |
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* [[August Schell]] moved to New Ulm from [[Germany]] in [[1848]], starting the [[August Schell Brewing Company]]. The [[brewery]] is still in business today. He died in New Ulm in [[1891]]. |
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{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; font-size:95%;" |
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* [[Terry Steinbach]], former [[Oakland A's]] catcher, born in New Ulm on March 2, 1962. He played on the All Star Team three times and in 1988 was voted the All-Star game [[MVP]]. |
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|+ Precinct General Election Results<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sos.state.mn.us/elections-voting/election-results/|title=Office of the Minnesota Secretary of State - Election Results|access-date=February 22, 2021|archive-date=February 22, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210222230838/https://www.sos.state.mn.us/elections-voting/election-results|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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* [[Lenore Ulric]], actress and movie star, born in New Ulm on July 21, 1892. |
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|- bgcolor=lightgrey |
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* [[Whoopee John Wilfahrt]], born on May 11, 1893, on a farm near New Ulm. [http://www.internationalpolka.com/wilfahrt.htm] He became the leader of one of the most successful [[polka]] bands in the nation. |
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! Year |
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! [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] |
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! [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] |
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! [[Third Party (United States)|Third parties]] |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[2020 United States presidential election|2020]]''' |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''56.8%''' ''4,442'' |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|40.7% ''3,179'' |
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| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|2.5% ''197'' |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[2016 United States presidential election|2016]]''' |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''56.1%''' ''4,166'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|33.0% ''2,445'' |
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| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|10.9% ''809'' |
|||
|- |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[2012 United States presidential election|2012]]''' |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''51.3%''' ''3,825'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|45.5% ''3,395'' |
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| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|3.2% ''243'' |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[2008 United States presidential election|2008]]''' |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''51.5%''' ''3,810'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|45.8% ''3,389'' |
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| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|2.7% ''196'' |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[2004 United States presidential election|2004]]''' |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''56.8%''' ''4,212'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|41.2% ''3,052'' |
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| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|2.0% ''146'' |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[2000 United States presidential election|2000]]''' |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''52.6%''' ''3,720'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|39.1% ''2,764'' |
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| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|8.3% ''585'' |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[1996 United States presidential election|1996]]''' |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|42.3% ''2,727'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''43.4%''' ''2,792'' |
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| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|14.3% ''923'' |
|||
|- |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[1992 United States presidential election|1992]]''' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''40.8%''' ''2,824'' |
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| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|34.2% ''2,368'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|25.0% ''1,736'' |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[1988 United States presidential election|1988]]''' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''55.2%''' ''3,313'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|44.8% ''2,691'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.0% ''0'' |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[1984 United States presidential election|1984]]''' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''61.2%''' ''3,882'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|38.8% ''2,459'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.0% ''0'' |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[1980 United States presidential election|1980]]''' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''53.1%''' ''3,723'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|38.2% ''2,676'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|8.7% ''614'' |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[1976 United States presidential election|1976]]''' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''54.3%''' ''3,740'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|41.4% ''2,853'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|4.3% ''298'' |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[1972 United States presidential election|1972]]''' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''62.1%''' ''3,773'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|34.6% ''2,106'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|3.3% ''201'' |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[1968 United States presidential election|1968]]''' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''55.9%''' ''3,059'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|38.8% ''2,124'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|5.3% ''289'' |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''[[1964 United States presidential election|1964]]''' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|49.9% ''2,600'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|'''50.0%''' ''2,605'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.1% ''9'' |
|||
|- |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[1960 United States presidential election|1960]]''' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''58.6%''' ''3,076'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center;" {{Party shading/Democratic}}|41.3% ''2,164'' |
|||
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|0.1% ''6'' |
|||
|} |
|||
{{Hidden end}} |
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==Media== |
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===Newspaper=== |
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[[The Journal (New Ulm)|The Journal]] is a daily newspaper in New Ulm. It was founded in 1898 and is owned by [[Ogden Newspapers]]. The circulation was 5,248 in 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn89064938/|title=About The Journal. (New Ulm, Minn.) 1974-current|website=Chronicling America|publisher=Library of Congress|access-date=January 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151230232613/http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn89064938/|archive-date=December 30, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=MNA>{{cite web|url=http://mna.org/assets/Daily-Newspaper-list-and-map.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200125144826/http://mna.org/assets/Daily-Newspaper-list-and-map.pdf |archive-date=2020-01-25 |url-status=live|title=Daily Newspaper list|website=Minnesota Newspaper Association|access-date=January 25, 2020}}</ref> |
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===Radio=== |
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New Ulm has two full-power radio stations [[city of license|licensed]] to it. [[KNUJ (AM)|KNUJ]]/860 airs a full-service farm format. [[KATO-FM]]/93.1 broadcasts a country music format from [[Mankato, Minnesota|Mankato]]. Although the two stations are no longer co-owned, KATO-FM was originally KNUJ's sister FM station. |
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==Transportation== |
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Transit service in the city is provided by the [[Hermann Express]], which operates six days a week. |
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[[U.S. Route 14 in Minnesota|U.S. Highway 14]] and Minnesota State Highways [[Minnesota State Highway 15|15]] and [[Minnesota State Highway 68|68]] are three of the main routes in the city. |
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New Ulm is served by the Union Pacific’s line between Wyeville and Rapid City. The Minneapolis & St. Louis ran from Winthrop to Otho before being abandoned in the 1970s. |
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==Notable people== |
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[[Image:GagHouse.JPG|thumb|upright|Anton Gag home]] |
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* [[David Rysdahl]], actor, born in New Ulm in 1987. |
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* [[Ali Bernard]], [[2008 Summer Olympics|2008 Olympic]] wrestler, born in New Ulm in 1986. |
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* [[Joseph Bobleter]], newspaper editor, Minnesota legislator, and mayor of New Ulm. |
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* [[Kathryn Adams Doty]], actress, born in New Ulm in 1920; married to actor [[Hugh Beaumont]] of ''[[Leave It to Beaver]]'' television show fame. |
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* [[Marion Downs (audiologist)|Marion Downs]], audiologist who pioneered newborn hearing screening, born in New Ulm in 1914.<ref>{{cite web|title=Marion Downs|url=http://www.cogreatwomen.org/project/marion-downs/|website=Colorado Women's Hall of Fame|access-date=26 January 2017}}</ref> |
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* [[Robert A. Duin]], [[U.S. Coast Guard]] Rear Admiral, born in New Ulm in 1924. |
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* [[Tony Eckstein]], former Minnesota politician, [[Minnesota House of Representatives|legislator]] and New Ulm mayor, born in New Ulm in 1923.[http://www.nujournal.com/page/content.detail/id/506304.html] |
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* [[Dennis R. Frederickson]], Minnesota state legislator |
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* [[Wanda Gág]], author and artist, born in New Ulm in 1893. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070216085224/http://www.newulmweb.com/citylights/gag/gag.htm] Her childhood home is open to tour. |
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* [[Tippi Hedren]], actress, born in New Ulm in 1930; [https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001335/] She starred in [[Alfred Hitchcock]]'s films ''[[The Birds (film)|The Birds]]'' and ''[[Marnie (film)|Marnie]]''. |
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* [[Ben D. Hughes]], farmer and Minnesota state legislator |
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* [[Harold G. Krieger]], Minnesota state senator and judge, born in New Ulm in 1926. |
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* [[John Lind (politician)|John Lind]], although born in [[Sweden]], immigrated to the United States and called New Ulm his hometown. He was a successful lawyer and the 14th governor of Minnesota [https://web.archive.org/web/20070206132950/http://www.newulm.com/about/history.html] from 1899 to 1901. He later served as a United States [[Congressman]] from 1903 to 1905. |
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* [[Harold Loeffelmacher]], polka band leader, born near New Ulm in 1905, organized The [[Six Fat Dutchmen]] in New Ulm during the 1930s. [https://web.archive.org/web/20061208080845/http://www.internationalpolka.com/loeffelmacher.htm] His band played polka music all over the United States. |
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* [[Brad Lohaus]], retired [[National Basketball Association]] player, born in New Ulm in 1964. |
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* [[William Pfaender]], businessman, Minnesota state treasurer, and legislator; served as mayor of New Ulm. |
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* [[August Schell]] moved to New Ulm from Germany in 1848, starting the [[August Schell Brewing Company]]. The brewery is still in business today. He died in New Ulm in 1891. |
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*[[Flip Schulke]], photojournalist who traveled with [[Martin Luther King Jr.]] |
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* [[Terry Steinbach]], former [[Oakland A's]] catcher, born in New Ulm in 1962. A three-time All-Star and in 1988 was voted the All-Star Game [[Most valuable player|MVP]]. |
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* [[Thomas O. Streissguth]], Minnesota Supreme Court justice. |
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* [[Lenore Ulric]], actress and movie star, born in New Ulm in 1892. |
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* [[Hal Wick]], South Dakota state legislator, born in New Ulm in 1944. |
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* [[Whoopee John Wilfahrt]], born in 1893, on a farm near New Ulm. [https://web.archive.org/web/20080219102337/http://www.internationalpolka.com/wilfahrt.htm] He became the leader of one of the most successful [[polka]] bands in the nation. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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* [[Cathedral High School (New Ulm, Minnesota)]] |
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* [[August Schell Brewing Company]] |
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* [[Dakota War of 1862]] (Sioux Uprising) |
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* [[Flandrau State Park]] |
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* [[German American]] |
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* [[Hermann Heights Monument]] |
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* [[Martin Luther College]] |
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* [[New Ulm High School]] |
* [[New Ulm High School]] |
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* [[New Ulm Municipal Airport]] |
* [[New Ulm Municipal Airport]] |
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* [[Minnesota Valley Lutheran High School]] |
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* [[Martin Luther College]] |
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==International relations== |
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New Ulm is [[town twinning|twinned]] with: |
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*{{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Neu-Ulm]], [[Bavaria]], [[Germany]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{Wikivoyage|New Ulm (Minnesota)}} |
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{{Commonscat}} |
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{{NIE Poster|New Ulm}} |
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*[http://www.nujournal.com/ Web site of the Journal, New Ulm's daily newspaper] |
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* {{Commons category-inline|New Ulm, Minnesota}} |
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*[http://ci.new-ulm.mn.us/ City of New Ulm official website] |
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* [http://ci.new-ulm.mn.us/ City of New Ulm official website] |
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*[http://www.nujournal.com/viss/story/index.cfm?UID=4&SSID=9 Hermann Heights] |
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* [http://www. |
* [http://www.nujournal.com/ Web site of the Journal, New Ulm's daily newspaper] |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061128035034/http://www.nujournal.com/viss/story/index.cfm?UID=4&SSID=9 Hermann Heights] |
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* [http://video.pioneer.org/video/2132160715/ The History of New Ulm] Documentary produced by [[Pioneer Public Television]] |
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* {{Cite Collier's|wstitle=New Ulm|short=x}} |
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{{Brown County, Minnesota}} |
{{Brown County, Minnesota}} |
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{{Minnesota}} |
{{Minnesota}} |
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{{Minnesota county seats}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{coord|44|18|45|N|94|27|38|W|type:city_region:US-MN|display=title}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:New Ulm, Minnesota| ]] |
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[[Category:Cities in Minnesota]] |
[[Category:Cities in Brown County, Minnesota]] |
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[[Category:County seats in Minnesota]] |
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[[Category:Minnesota River]] |
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[[Category:German-American culture in Minnesota]] |
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[[Category:German-American history]] |
[[Category:German-American history]] |
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[[Category:County seats in Minnesota]] |
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[[Category:Populated places established in 1854]] |
[[Category:Populated places established in 1854]] |
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[[Category:1854 establishments in Minnesota Territory]] |
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[[Category:Cities in Minnesota]] |
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[[ca:New Ulm]] |
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[[da:New Ulm]] |
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[[de:New Ulm (Minnesota)]] |
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[[fr:New Ulm]] |
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[[io:New Ulm, Minnesota]] |
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[[ia:New Ulm]] |
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[[it:New Ulm (Minnesota)]] |
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[[ht:New Ulm, Minnesota]] |
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[[la:Nova Ulma (Minnesota)]] |
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[[nl:New Ulm]] |
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[[pl:New Ulm (Minnesota)]] |
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[[pt:New Ulm]] |
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[[fi:New Ulm]] |
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[[vo:New Ulm]] |
Latest revision as of 03:46, 3 November 2024
New Ulm | |
---|---|
Motto: "A City of Charm And Tradition" | |
Coordinates: 44°18′43″N 94°28′07″W / 44.31194°N 94.46861°W | |
Country | United States |
State | Minnesota |
County | Brown |
Named for | Ulm, Germany |
Government | |
• Type | Mayor – Council |
• Mayor | Kathleen Backer |
Area | |
• Total | 10.29 sq mi (26.66 km2) |
• Land | 10.16 sq mi (26.31 km2) |
• Water | 0.14 sq mi (0.36 km2) |
Elevation | 896 ft (273 m) |
Population (2020) | |
• Total | 14,120 |
• Density | 1,390.31/sq mi (536.78/km2) |
Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
ZIP code | 56073 |
Area code | 507 |
FIPS code | 27-46042[3] |
GNIS feature ID | 2395217[2] |
Website | ci.new-ulm.mn.us |
New Ulm (/ˈnjuː ˈʌlm/ NEW ULM)[4] is a city and the county seat of Brown County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 14,120 at the 2020 census.[5][6] It is located on the triangle of land formed by the confluence of the Minnesota River and the Cottonwood River.
The city is home to the Hermann Heights Monument, Flandrau State Park, the historic August Schell Brewing Company, and the Minnesota Music Hall of Fame. The city is known for its German heritage and its historical sites and landmarks dating back to the US-Dakota War of 1862.[7]
New Ulm is the episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Diocese of New Ulm and home to the Handmaids of the Heart of Jesus.[8][9] The Dakota called New Ulm the "Village on the Cottonwood" or Wachupata.
History
[edit]Settlement
[edit]The city was founded in 1854[10] by the German Land Company of Chicago. The city was named after the city of Neu-Ulm in the state of Bavaria in southern Germany.[11] Ulm and Neu-Ulm are twin cities, with Ulm on the Baden-Württemberg side of the Danube River and Neu-Ulm on the Bavarian side. In part due to the American city's German heritage, it became a center for brewing in the Upper Midwest. It is home to the August Schell Brewing Company. The Sioux called it Wakzupata which roughly means the "village on the cottonwood".[12]
In 1856, the Settlement Association of the Socialist Turner Society ("Turners") helped to secure the future of New Ulm. The Turners (German for "gymnasts") originated in Germany in the first half of the nineteenth century, whose motto was "Sound Mind, Sound Body". Their clubs combined gymnastics with lectures and debates about the issues of the day. Following the failed Revolutions of 1848, numerous Germans emigrated to the United States. In their new land, Turners formed associations (Vereins) throughout the eastern, midwestern, and western states. This was the largest secular German-American organization in the country in the nineteenth century.
Following a series of attacks by nativist mobs in major cities such as Chicago, Cincinnati, and Louisville, a national convention of Turners authorized the formation of a colony on the frontier. Intending to develop a community that expressed Turner ideals, the Settlement Association joined the Chicago Germans who had struggled here due to a lack of capital. The Turners supplied that, as well as hundreds of colonists from the east who arrived in 1856.[13]
The city plan represented Turner ideals. The German Land Company hired Christian Prignitz to complete the plan for New Ulm, which was filed in April 1858. This master plan for New Ulm expressed a grand vision of the city's future. At the heart of the community stood blocks reserved for Turner Hall, the county courthouse, and a public school, representing the political, social, and educational center of the community. The westernmost avenues were named after American heroes George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and Thomas Paine—the latter three noted for their freethinking philosophies. Members were given the means to support themselves — in harmony with nature — through the distribution of four-acre garden lots located outside the residential area. Historian Dennis Gimmestad wrote,
"The founders’ goals created a community persona that sets New Ulm apart from the Minnesota towns founded by land speculators or railroad companies.... The New Ulm founders aspired to establish a town with a defined philosophical, economic, and social character".[14]
U.S.–Dakota War of 1862
[edit]On August 18, 1862, the US-Dakota War began with the attack at the Lower Sioux Agency only 30 miles up the Minnesota River from New Ulm. As the closest significant town to the Dakota Reservation, New Ulm fell under attack by a Mdewakanton force the next day. A hastily-formed militia of armed townspeople repelled the attack and immediately set about constructing barricades around the center of the town.[15]
The Dakota returned with a larger force on the morning of August 23. Bolstered by the timely arrival of volunteer militia from other towns under Charles Flandrau, the outnumbered defenders of New Ulm again repelled the attack.[16] Most of the town outside the barricades was burned, however, leaving only 49 buildings to house a population of 2500.[17] Short of shelter and ammunition and facing outbreaks of disease, the majority of the population evacuated to Mankato on August 25.[18][19] The dead were buried in New Ulm's streets.
1881 Tornado
[edit]On July 15, 1881, New Ulm was struck by a large tornado that killed six people and injured 53.
World War I and II
[edit]Between the outbreak of World War I in 1914 and U.S. entry into the conflict, the citizens of New Ulm closely followed events in Europe. Local newspapers sometimes printing news from relatives and friends in Germany. In an unofficial referendum in early April 1917, local voters opposed war by a margin of 466 to 19. Even as President Woodrow Wilson prepared his Declaration of War, a Brown County delegation arrived in Washington, D.C. to voice its opposition to that action.
On the national level, the Wilson administration organized an active campaign to suppress antiwar fervor, joined on the state level by Minnesota Governor James Burnquist. The Minnesota Commission of Public Safety was granted broad powers to protect the state and assist in the war effort. Specific actions taken by the commission included surveillance of alleged subversive activities, mobilization of opposition to labor unions and strikes (which were considered even more suspect in wartime), pursuit of draft evaders, and registration and monitoring of aliens (foreign nationals).
Given the strong German heritage of New Ulm residents, federal and state agents began to visit the city soon after the United States' entry into the Great War. They filed reports to offices in Washington and St. Paul because immigrants and first-generation ethnics were suspected of having divided loyalties at best, and perhaps favoring Prussia and the Central Powers. Locally, several business and civic leaders joined in efforts to root out antiwar fervor.
On July 25, 1917, a massive rally, attended by 10,000 people, was held on the grounds of Turner Hall. The people had gathered to “enter a protest against sending American soldiers to a foreign country.” Speakers included Louis Fritsche, mayor of New Ulm; Albert Pfaender, city attorney and former minority leader of the Minnesota House of Representatives; Adolph Ackermann, director of Dr. Martin Luther College; and F. H. Retzlaff, a prominent businessman. Federal and state agents mingled through the crowd, gathering information.
A month later, Governor Burnquist removed Fritsche and Pfaender from their positions. The Commission of Public Safety pressured the college to fire Ackermann. These blows sharply divided the community — on one side, many residents took the removals as an attack on the city's heritage and traditions. Albert Pfaender was the son, and Fritsche, the son-in-law, of the city's principal founder, Wilhelm Pfaender. On the other side, prominent local businessmen, including flour mill managers, feared economic repercussions and promoted pro-war parades and bond drives.[20]
During World War II, German POWs were housed in a camp to the immediate southeast of New Ulm, in what is now Flandrau State Park. In 1944, a New Ulm family was fined $300 for removing a prisoner from the camp, housing him, and taking him to church.[21]
Historic sites
[edit]Turner Hall
[edit]New Ulm Turner Hall, with the oldest section constructed in 1873, was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. It is the oldest Turner Hall in the United States still in its original use. The north half of the building is a combination of exterior wall elements of a 1901 hall/theater that burned in 1952 with a 1953 interior and main facade. Turner Hall remains one of the most active in the country and one that continues its original mission at the same location after more than 150 years. Its Rathskeller is likely the oldest continuously used bar in Minnesota, while its gymnastics program is also the oldest in the state. The Rathskeller features murals of scenes from Germany, painted by Guido Methua (1873), Christian Heller (1887), and Anton Gag (1901). These were recently restored with support from a grant from the Minnesota Historical Society.[22]
Brown County Historical Society
[edit]The Brown County Historical Society, located at 2 North Broadway houses 3 floors of exhibits and one of the largest archives in the state. It contains over 5,500 family files, microfilm of census, naturalization, church, cemetery and birth and death records as well as business and history files.[23]
Defender's monument
[edit]Located at Center and State Streets, Defender's Monument was erected in 1891 by the State of Minnesota to honor the memory of the defenders who aided New Ulm during the Dakota War of 1862. The artwork at the base was created by New Ulm artist Anton Gag. The monument has not been changed since its completion except for being moved to the middle of the block.
Hermann monument
[edit]The Hermann Monument in New Ulm dominates the Minnesota River valley from a hill overlooking the city. Inspired by a similar monument called Hermannsdenkmal near Detmold, Germany, the figure served as a symbol for members of the Sons of Hermann, a fraternal organization of German Americans. In 1885, the 362 Sons of Hermann lodges across the country committed themselves to the construction of a monument representing their cultural heritage. Through the efforts of Minnesota's 53 Sons of Hermann lodges, the monument was built in New Ulm, home to many German immigrants. The sculptor chosen for this project was a German sculptor from Ohio, Alfons Pelzer. A delegation from New Ulm visited Ulm in 2009 and went up to the Teutoburger Forest and Detmold, in northern Germany, to commemorate the 2000th anniversary of the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, when Arminius, a chieftain of the Cherusci, a Germanic tribe, defeated a Roman army, led by Varus.
German Bohemian monument
[edit]A monument to German-Bohemian immigration to America is located in New Ulm. It was erected in 1991 by the German-Bohemian Heritage Society to honor the German-Bohemian immigrants who arrived the area, mostly by a boat landing on the Minnesota River some 150 yards to the east. The immigrants came mostly from small villages, with the largest number from the village centers of Hostau, Muttersdorf, and Ronsperg.[24] Most of the immigrants were Catholic farmers who spoke a Bohemian dialect of German.
Inscribed in granite slabs around the base of the monument are the surnames of over 350 immigrant families. Many of these names are still prominent in the region. As more and more immigrants arrived, not all of whom could farm, they settled in the city of New Ulm and some of the small communities to the west and north.
The bronze statue that rests on top of the granite base was designed and sculpted by Leopold Hafner, a German-Bohemian sculptor who now lives near Passau, Germany.
The monument is located at 200 North German Street and is open year-round.
Culture
[edit]Glockenspiel in Schonlau Park
[edit]New Ulm's glockenspiel is one of the world's few free-standing carillon clock towers. It stands 45 feet high, and its largest Bourdon (bell) weighs 595 pounds while the total weight of the bells is two tons. The bells chime the time of day in Westminster style.
Minnesota Music Hall of Fame
[edit]In 1990, the Minnesota Music Hall of Fame was established in New Ulm. The museum displays music memorabilia from around the state.[25]
Polka capital of the nation
[edit]Music was always a part of life in New Ulm, especially with the arrival of the musically-inclined Sudeten Germans in the 1870s.
Whoopee John Wilfahrt's successful career opened the door to what became known as "Old-Time" music. After him, other local bands such as those led by Harold Loeffelmacher, Babe Wagner, Elmer Scheid and Fezz Fritsche kept New Ulm well known around the state and region. They even produced nationally popular recordings.[citation needed]
With the opening of George's Ballroom and the New Ulm Ballroom and the start of KNUJ radio station in the 1940s, New Ulm billed itself as the "Polka Capital of the Nation".[26] New Ulm's Polka Days were known worldwide by polka lovers.[citation needed] The festival was held each year in July. Polka Bands played on Minnesota Street and people danced and drank beer until well past midnight.[citation needed]
Festivals
[edit]Local events held annually in New Ulm have celebrated German culture through food, music, and beer. New Ulm's Oktoberfest has been celebrated the first two weekends in October since 1981.[27] Bock Fest, often scheduled concurrently[28] with the local festivities for Fasching, has been celebrated since 1987 at the August Schell Brewing Company. Bavarian Blast, a summer festival, was created as reinterpretation of New Ulm's longstanding festival, Heritagefest.
In popular culture
[edit]New Ulm was the setting and filming location of the 1995 independent film The Toilers and the Wayfarers, directed by Keith Froelich. The city was a filming location for the 2004 documentary American Beer. It is also the setting of the 2009 comedy New in Town, starring Renée Zellweger and Harry Connick Jr., although the movie was actually filmed in Selkirk, Manitoba.
Geography
[edit]According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 10.26 square miles (26.57 km2), of which 9.92 square miles (25.69 km2) is land and 0.34 square miles (0.88 km2) is water.[29] The Minnesota River and the Cottonwood River flow past the city on their way to the Mississippi River.
Climate
[edit]New Ulm has a hot-summer humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa/Dwa), and it experiences four distinct seasons. Summers in New Ulm are typically warm to hot with thunderstorms being common. Winters are quite cold and snowy, yet not quite as snowy as other areas further east in Minnesota.
Climate data for New Ulm (NEW ULM 2 SE, MN US), 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1893–present | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 65 (18) |
68 (20) |
87 (31) |
95 (35) |
103 (39) |
107 (42) |
111 (44) |
107 (42) |
106 (41) |
92 (33) |
83 (28) |
73 (23) |
111 (44) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 23.7 (−4.6) |
29.1 (−1.6) |
41.2 (5.1) |
57.9 (14.4) |
69.9 (21.1) |
78.9 (26.1) |
82.9 (28.3) |
80.2 (26.8) |
72.3 (22.4) |
59.5 (15.3) |
42.1 (5.6) |
26.6 (−3.0) |
55.4 (13.0) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 14.7 (−9.6) |
19.8 (−6.8) |
32.0 (0.0) |
47.0 (8.3) |
59.4 (15.2) |
68.9 (20.5) |
73.1 (22.8) |
70.4 (21.3) |
61.5 (16.4) |
48.6 (9.2) |
33.3 (0.7) |
18.4 (−7.6) |
45.6 (7.5) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 5.7 (−14.6) |
10.4 (−12.0) |
22.8 (−5.1) |
36.0 (2.2) |
48.9 (9.4) |
58.9 (14.9) |
63.2 (17.3) |
60.7 (15.9) |
50.8 (10.4) |
37.7 (3.2) |
24.5 (−4.2) |
10.3 (−12.1) |
35.8 (2.1) |
Record low °F (°C) | −37 (−38) |
−37 (−38) |
−28 (−33) |
−3 (−19) |
19 (−7) |
31 (−1) |
39 (4) |
34 (1) |
16 (−9) |
1 (−17) |
−17 (−27) |
−36 (−38) |
−37 (−38) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 0.64 (16) |
0.64 (16) |
1.86 (47) |
2.86 (73) |
3.44 (87) |
4.82 (122) |
3.98 (101) |
4.10 (104) |
3.21 (82) |
2.26 (57) |
1.62 (41) |
0.86 (22) |
30.29 (768) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 7.9 (20) |
6.2 (16) |
7.6 (19) |
1.7 (4.3) |
0.04 (0.10) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.4 (1.0) |
6.9 (18) |
9.0 (23) |
39.74 (101.4) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 6 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 97 |
Source: Western Regional Climate Center[30] |
Demographics
[edit]Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1860 | 635 | — | |
1870 | 1,310 | 106.3% | |
1880 | 2,471 | 88.6% | |
1890 | 3,741 | 51.4% | |
1900 | 5,403 | 44.4% | |
1910 | 5,648 | 4.5% | |
1920 | 6,745 | 19.4% | |
1930 | 7,308 | 8.3% | |
1940 | 8,743 | 19.6% | |
1950 | 9,348 | 6.9% | |
1960 | 11,114 | 18.9% | |
1970 | 13,051 | 17.4% | |
1980 | 13,755 | 5.4% | |
1990 | 13,132 | −4.5% | |
2000 | 13,594 | 3.5% | |
2010 | 13,522 | −0.5% | |
2020 | 14,120 | 4.4% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[31] |
In 2002, the U.S. Census Bureau released a report showing that 65.85% of New Ulm's population has German ancestry, more per capita than any other city in the U.S.
2010 census
[edit]As of the census[32] of 2010, there were 13,522 people, 5,732 households, and 3,511 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,363.1 inhabitants per square mile (526.3/km2). There were 5,987 housing units at an average density of 603.5 per square mile (233.0/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 97.8% White, 0.3% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 0.4% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.8% of the population.
There were 5,732 households, of which 25.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.7% were non-families. 33.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.80.
The median age in the city was 41.4 years. 20.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.6% were from 25 to 44; 27.6% were from 45 to 64; and 18.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.1% male and 50.9% female.
2000 census
[edit]As of the census[3] of 2000, there were 13,594 people, 5,494 households, and 3,554 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,548.3 inhabitants per square mile (597.8/km2). There were 5,736 housing units at an average density of 653.3 per square mile (252.2/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 98.10% White, 0.11% African American, 0.15% Native American, 0.46% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.50% from other races, and 0.65% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.26% of the population.
There were 5,494 households among which 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.9% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.3% were non-families. 31.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.89.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.1% under the age of 18, 12.6% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 16.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.2 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $40,044, and the median income for a family was $51,309. Males had a median income of $34,196 versus $24,970 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,308. About 4.6% of families and 6.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.1% of those under age 18 and 10.0% of those age 65 or over.
Politics
[edit]Year | Republican | Democratic | Third parties |
---|---|---|---|
2020 | 56.8% 4,442 | 40.7% 3,179 | 2.5% 197 |
2016 | 56.1% 4,166 | 33.0% 2,445 | 10.9% 809 |
2012 | 51.3% 3,825 | 45.5% 3,395 | 3.2% 243 |
2008 | 51.5% 3,810 | 45.8% 3,389 | 2.7% 196 |
2004 | 56.8% 4,212 | 41.2% 3,052 | 2.0% 146 |
2000 | 52.6% 3,720 | 39.1% 2,764 | 8.3% 585 |
1996 | 42.3% 2,727 | 43.4% 2,792 | 14.3% 923 |
1992 | 40.8% 2,824 | 34.2% 2,368 | 25.0% 1,736 |
1988 | 55.2% 3,313 | 44.8% 2,691 | 0.0% 0 |
1984 | 61.2% 3,882 | 38.8% 2,459 | 0.0% 0 |
1980 | 53.1% 3,723 | 38.2% 2,676 | 8.7% 614 |
1976 | 54.3% 3,740 | 41.4% 2,853 | 4.3% 298 |
1972 | 62.1% 3,773 | 34.6% 2,106 | 3.3% 201 |
1968 | 55.9% 3,059 | 38.8% 2,124 | 5.3% 289 |
1964 | 49.9% 2,600 | 50.0% 2,605 | 0.1% 9 |
1960 | 58.6% 3,076 | 41.3% 2,164 | 0.1% 6 |
Media
[edit]Newspaper
[edit]The Journal is a daily newspaper in New Ulm. It was founded in 1898 and is owned by Ogden Newspapers. The circulation was 5,248 in 2019.[34][35]
Radio
[edit]New Ulm has two full-power radio stations licensed to it. KNUJ/860 airs a full-service farm format. KATO-FM/93.1 broadcasts a country music format from Mankato. Although the two stations are no longer co-owned, KATO-FM was originally KNUJ's sister FM station.
Transportation
[edit]Transit service in the city is provided by the Hermann Express, which operates six days a week.
U.S. Highway 14 and Minnesota State Highways 15 and 68 are three of the main routes in the city.
New Ulm is served by the Union Pacific’s line between Wyeville and Rapid City. The Minneapolis & St. Louis ran from Winthrop to Otho before being abandoned in the 1970s.
Notable people
[edit]- David Rysdahl, actor, born in New Ulm in 1987.
- Ali Bernard, 2008 Olympic wrestler, born in New Ulm in 1986.
- Joseph Bobleter, newspaper editor, Minnesota legislator, and mayor of New Ulm.
- Kathryn Adams Doty, actress, born in New Ulm in 1920; married to actor Hugh Beaumont of Leave It to Beaver television show fame.
- Marion Downs, audiologist who pioneered newborn hearing screening, born in New Ulm in 1914.[36]
- Robert A. Duin, U.S. Coast Guard Rear Admiral, born in New Ulm in 1924.
- Tony Eckstein, former Minnesota politician, legislator and New Ulm mayor, born in New Ulm in 1923.[2]
- Dennis R. Frederickson, Minnesota state legislator
- Wanda Gág, author and artist, born in New Ulm in 1893. [3] Her childhood home is open to tour.
- Tippi Hedren, actress, born in New Ulm in 1930; [4] She starred in Alfred Hitchcock's films The Birds and Marnie.
- Ben D. Hughes, farmer and Minnesota state legislator
- Harold G. Krieger, Minnesota state senator and judge, born in New Ulm in 1926.
- John Lind, although born in Sweden, immigrated to the United States and called New Ulm his hometown. He was a successful lawyer and the 14th governor of Minnesota [5] from 1899 to 1901. He later served as a United States Congressman from 1903 to 1905.
- Harold Loeffelmacher, polka band leader, born near New Ulm in 1905, organized The Six Fat Dutchmen in New Ulm during the 1930s. [6] His band played polka music all over the United States.
- Brad Lohaus, retired National Basketball Association player, born in New Ulm in 1964.
- William Pfaender, businessman, Minnesota state treasurer, and legislator; served as mayor of New Ulm.
- August Schell moved to New Ulm from Germany in 1848, starting the August Schell Brewing Company. The brewery is still in business today. He died in New Ulm in 1891.
- Flip Schulke, photojournalist who traveled with Martin Luther King Jr.
- Terry Steinbach, former Oakland A's catcher, born in New Ulm in 1962. A three-time All-Star and in 1988 was voted the All-Star Game MVP.
- Thomas O. Streissguth, Minnesota Supreme Court justice.
- Lenore Ulric, actress and movie star, born in New Ulm in 1892.
- Hal Wick, South Dakota state legislator, born in New Ulm in 1944.
- Whoopee John Wilfahrt, born in 1893, on a farm near New Ulm. [7] He became the leader of one of the most successful polka bands in the nation.
See also
[edit]- Cathedral High School (New Ulm, Minnesota)
- New Ulm High School
- New Ulm Municipal Airport
- Minnesota Valley Lutheran High School
- Martin Luther College
International relations
[edit]New Ulm is twinned with:
References
[edit]- ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 24, 2022.
- ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: New Ulm, Minnesota
- ^ a b "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ "Minnesota Pronunciation Guide". Associated Press. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
- ^ "Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- ^ "New Ulm, Minnesota | Advisory Council on Historic Preservation". www.achp.gov. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
- ^ "Diocese of New Ulm". Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
- ^ Eldred, Sheila (June 14, 2017) [22 October 2015]. "Who Becomes a Nun in 2015?". Pacific Standard. Archived from the original on October 6, 2022. Retrieved December 17, 2023.
- ^ New Ulm Chamber of Commerce Archived February 6, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ History of the Origin of the Place Names in Nine Northwestern States. 1908. p. 12.
- ^ Lightening Blankets Story, Minnesota History Magazine,Vol.38 Fall 1938, pp.126-149 [1]
- ^ Alice Felt Tyler, "William Pfaender and the Founding of New Ulm", Minnesota History 30 (March 1949): 24-35; Grady Steele Parker, editor, Wilhelm Pfaender and the German American Experience (Roseville, Minn.: Edinborough Press, 2009).
- ^ Dennis Gimmestad, "Territorial Space: Platting New Ulm", Minnesota History 56 (Summer 1999): 340-350. Also see Rainier Vollmar, "Ideology and Settlement Plan: Case of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and New Ulm, Minnesota", address to the Brown County Historical Society, May 18, 1991, tape recording, Brown County Historical Society.
- ^ Wall, Oscar Garrett (1908). Recollections of the Sioux Massacre. Lake City, Minnesota: The Home Printery. p. 124
- ^ Wall, Oscar Garrett (1908). Recollections of the Sioux Massacre. Lake City, Minnesota: The Home Printery. p. 125
- ^ Clodfelter, Micheal (1998). The Dakota War: the United States Army versus the Sioux, 1862-1865. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co. p. 42. ISBN 0-7864-0419-1.
- ^ Burnham, Frederick Russell (1926). Scouting on Two Continents. New York: Doubleday, Page and Co. pp. 2 (autobiographical account). ASIN B000F1UKOA.
- ^ Wall, Oscar Garrett (1908). Recollections of the Sioux Massacre. Lake City, Minnesota: The Home Printery. p. 127
- ^ New Ulm Review, May 23, 1917. For an overview of these events, see Carl H. Chrislock, Watchdog of Loyalty: The Minnesota Commission of Public Safety During World War I (St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society, 1991).
- ^ Dean B. Simmons, Swords into Plowshares, Cathedral Hill Books, 2000
- ^ Daniel J. Hoisington, A German Town: A History of New Ulm, Minnesota (Edinborough Press, 2004).
- ^ Brown County Historical Society
- ^ Muttersdorf and its Historic Development, germanbohemianheritagesociety.com. Retrieved Nov 2, 2022
- ^ Gabler, Jay (December 4, 2017). "Honoring Minnesota musicians: Awards shows are gone, but the Hall of Fame lives on". Minnesota Public Radio. Retrieved March 19, 2019.
- ^ "New Ulm Chamber of Commerce". www.newulm.com. Archived from the original on February 6, 2007. Retrieved January 11, 2022.
- ^ New Ulm Oktoberfest
- ^ Moniz, Josh. "New Ulm parties at Bock Fest, Fasching". New Ulm Journal. www.NUJournal.com. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
- ^ "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 12, 2012. Retrieved November 13, 2012.
- ^ "NEW ULM 2 SE, MINNESOTA (215887)" (PDF). Western Regional Climate Center.
- ^ United States Census Bureau. "Census". Retrieved March 17, 2022.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 13, 2012.
- ^ "Office of the Minnesota Secretary of State - Election Results". Archived from the original on February 22, 2021. Retrieved February 22, 2021.
- ^ "About The Journal. (New Ulm, Minn.) 1974-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Archived from the original on December 30, 2015. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
- ^ "Daily Newspaper list" (PDF). Minnesota Newspaper Association. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 25, 2020. Retrieved January 25, 2020.
- ^ "Marion Downs". Colorado Women's Hall of Fame. Retrieved January 26, 2017.
External links
[edit]- Media related to New Ulm, Minnesota at Wikimedia Commons
- City of New Ulm official website
- Web site of the Journal, New Ulm's daily newspaper
- Hermann Heights
- The History of New Ulm Documentary produced by Pioneer Public Television
- Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921. .