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* 1940–1941 - Mass deportations of some 20,000 Polish citizens by the Russians from the Białystok Fabryczny railway station to the USSR, incl. [[Siberia]] (see ''[[Soviet repressions of Polish citizens (1939–1946)]]'').<ref name=dziej>{{cite web|url=https://dzieje.pl/aktualnosci/w-bialymstoku-odslonieto-pomnik-przy-dworcu-z-ktorego-odbywaly-sie-deportacje-na-wschod|title=W Białymstoku odsłonięto pomnik przy dworcu, z którego odbywały się deportacje na Wschód|website=Dzieje.pl|access-date=10 July 2022|language=pl}}</ref>
* 1940–1941 - Mass deportations of some 20,000 Polish citizens by the Russians from the Białystok Fabryczny railway station to the USSR, incl. [[Siberia]] (see ''[[Soviet repressions of Polish citizens (1939–1946)]]'').<ref name=dziej>{{cite web|url=https://dzieje.pl/aktualnosci/w-bialymstoku-odslonieto-pomnik-przy-dworcu-z-ktorego-odbywaly-sie-deportacje-na-wschod|title=W Białymstoku odsłonięto pomnik przy dworcu, z którego odbywały się deportacje na Wschód|website=Dzieje.pl|access-date=10 July 2022|language=pl}}</ref>
* 1941
* 1941
** 27 June: City [[German occupation of Poland|occupation]] by German forces begins.
** 27 June: City [[German occupation of Poland|occupation]] by German forces begins. On that day, approximately 2,000 to 3,000 of Białystok's Jews [[1941 Białystok massacres|were massacred]] by the [[Ordnungspolizei]].
** City becomes capital of [[Bezirk Białystok]].
** City becomes capital of [[Bezirk Białystok]].
** July: Jewish ghetto established by occupying Nazi Germans.<ref name=yivo>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Białystok |title= Białystok |encyclopedia=[[The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe|Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe]] |publisher=[[Yivo Institute for Jewish Research]] |location=New York |access-date= 30 April 2015 }}</ref>
** July: Jewish ghetto established by occupying Nazi Germans.<ref name=yivo>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Białystok |title= Białystok |encyclopedia=[[The YIVO Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe|Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe]] |publisher=[[Yivo Institute for Jewish Research]] |location=New York |access-date= 30 April 2015 }}</ref>
Line 123: Line 123:
** 24 November: deportation of 900 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to Ostashkov.<ref name=mz99/>
** 24 November: deportation of 900 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to Ostashkov.<ref name=mz99/>
** 27 December: deportation of 790 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to [[Novomoskovsk, Russia|Novomoskovsk]] (then ''Stalinogorsk'').<ref name=mz99/>
** 27 December: deportation of 790 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to [[Novomoskovsk, Russia|Novomoskovsk]] (then ''Stalinogorsk'').<ref name=mz99/>
* 1945 - 30 January: deportation of 1,242 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to [[Skopin]].<ref name=mz99/>
* 1945 - 30 January: deportation of 1,242 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to [[Skopin, Russia|Skopin]].<ref name=mz99/>


===1945–2000===
===1945–2000===
Line 159: Line 159:
* 2011 - 4 March: Honorary Consulate of [[Croatia]] opened (see ''[[Croatia–Poland relations]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mvep.gov.hr/wiadomosci/bialystok-otwarcie-konsulatu/172679|title=Bialystok, otwarcie konsulatu|date=4 March 2011|access-date=11 December 2023|language=pl}}</ref>
* 2011 - 4 March: Honorary Consulate of [[Croatia]] opened (see ''[[Croatia–Poland relations]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mvep.gov.hr/wiadomosci/bialystok-otwarcie-konsulatu/172679|title=Bialystok, otwarcie konsulatu|date=4 March 2011|access-date=11 December 2023|language=pl}}</ref>
* 2012 - Population: 294,900.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/statistical-yearbooks/statistical-yearbooks/concise-statistical-yearbook-of-poland-2014,1,15.html |title=Concise Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2014 |publisher=[[Central Statistical Office of Poland]] |quote=Review Tables: Cities }}</ref>
* 2012 - Population: 294,900.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/statistical-yearbooks/statistical-yearbooks/concise-statistical-yearbook-of-poland-2014,1,15.html |title=Concise Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2014 |publisher=[[Central Statistical Office of Poland]] |quote=Review Tables: Cities }}</ref>
* 2013 - 10 July: Honorary Consulate of [[Finland]] opened (see ''[[Finland–Poland relations]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://finlandabroad.fi/web/pol/aktualnosci/-/asset_publisher/h5w4iTUJhNne/content/suomen-uusin-kunniakonsulaatti-avattiin-bialystokissa/384951|title=Najnowszy Konsulat Honorowy Finlandii otwarto w Białymstoku|website=Finland Abroad|date=11 July 2013|access-date=11 December 2023|language=pl}}</ref>
* 2015 - December: Honorary Consulate of [[Luxembourg]] opened (see ''[[Luxembourg–Poland relations]]'').
* 2018
* 2018
** 1 March: [[Danuta Siedzikówna]] monument unveiled.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bialystok.pl/pl/wiadomosci/aktualnosci/pomnik-inki-w-bialymstoku.html|title=Pomnik Inki w Białymstoku|website=Białystok - Oficjalny Portal Miasta|access-date=10 July 2022|language=pl}}</ref>
** 1 March: [[Danuta Siedzikówna]] monument unveiled.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bialystok.pl/pl/wiadomosci/aktualnosci/pomnik-inki-w-bialymstoku.html|title=Pomnik Inki w Białymstoku|website=Białystok - Oficjalny Portal Miasta|access-date=10 July 2022|language=pl}}</ref>
** 11 April: Monument to the victims of Soviet deportations of Poles during World War II unveiled at the Białystok Fabryczny railway station.<ref name=dziej/>
** 11 April: Monument to the victims of Soviet deportations of Poles during World War II unveiled at the Białystok Fabryczny railway station.<ref name=dziej/>
* 2020 - Monument to Polish mothers [[Sybirak|deported to Siberia]] unveiled.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.radio.bialystok.pl/wiadomosci/index/id/189347|title=W Białymstoku odsłonięto pomnik upamiętniający Bohaterskie Matki Sybiraczki [zdjęcia]|website=Radio Białystok|access-date=10 July 2022|language=pl}}</ref>
* 2020 - Monument to Polish mothers [[Sybirak|deported to Siberia]] unveiled.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.radio.bialystok.pl/wiadomosci/index/id/189347|title=W Białymstoku odsłonięto pomnik upamiętniający Bohaterskie Matki Sybiraczki [zdjęcia]|website=Radio Białystok|access-date=10 July 2022|language=pl}}</ref>
* 2021 - 19 September: [[Khachkar]] commemorating the victims of the [[Armenian genocide]] and Armenian soldiers fallen in the battle for [[Republic of Artsakh|Artsakh]] unveiled.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Chaczkar stanął w Białymstoku|magazine=Awedis|issue=48|year=2021|language=pl|page=2}}</ref>
* 2022
* 2022
** 29 May: Monument to soldiers of the pre-war Polish 42nd Infantry Regiment-footballers of Jagiellonia Białystok unveiled in front of the municipal stadium.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eska.pl/bialystok/odsloniety-zostal-pomnik-zolnierzy-42-pulku-piechoty-aa-yu2T-2odm-9Ngx.html|title=Przy stadionie odsłonięto pomnik żołnierzy 42. Pułku Piechoty|website=Eska.pl|access-date=10 July 2022|language=pl}}</ref>
** 29 May: Monument to soldiers of the pre-war Polish [[42nd Infantry Regiment (Poland)|42nd Infantry Regiment]]-footballers of [[Jagiellonia Białystok]] unveiled in front of the [[Białystok Stadium|municipal stadium]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.eska.pl/bialystok/odsloniety-zostal-pomnik-zolnierzy-42-pulku-piechoty-aa-yu2T-2odm-9Ngx.html|title=Przy stadionie odsłonięto pomnik żołnierzy 42. Pułku Piechoty|website=Eska.pl|access-date=10 July 2022|language=pl}}</ref>
** 23 June: Honorary Consulate of [[Kazakhstan]] opened (see ''[[Kazakhstan–Poland relations]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.pl/web/uw-podlaski/otwarcie-konsulatu-kazachstanu-w-bialymstoku|title=Otwarcie konsulatu Kazachstanu w Białymstoku|website=Portal Gov.pl|date=23 June 2022|access-date=11 December 2023|language=pl}}</ref>
** 29 June: Honorary Consulate of [[Serbia]] opened (see ''[[Poland–Serbia relations]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.pl/web/uw-podlaski/otwarcie-konsulatu-honorowego-republiki-serbii-w-bialymstoku|title=Otwarcie Konsulatu Honorowego Republiki Serbii w Białymstoku|website=Portal Gov.pl|date=29 June 2022|access-date=11 December 2023|language=pl}}</ref>
* 2023
** 24 May: Polish–Uzbekistani Historical Commission founded (see ''[[Poland–Uzbekistan relations]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.pl/web/uzbekistan/powolanie-polsko-uzbekistanskiej-komisji-historycznej|title=Powołanie Polsko-Uzbekistańskiej Komisji historycznej|website=Portal Gov.pl|date=29 May 2023|access-date=13 September 2024|language=pl}}</ref>
** 23 November: Honorary Consulate of [[Latvia]] opened (see ''[[Latvia–Poland relations]]'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://podlaskie.eu/region/w-bialymstoku-powstal-konsulat-republiki-lotewskiej.html|title=W Białymstoku powstał Konsulat Republiki Łotewskiej|website=Podlaskie.eu|date=23 November 2023|access-date=13 September 2024|language=pl}}</ref>
* 2024 - 25 May: [[Jagiellonia Białystok]] won its first [[List of Polish football champions|Polish football championship]].


==See also==
==See also==

Latest revision as of 09:25, 13 September 2024

This is a sub-article to History of Białystok

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Białystok, Poland.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prior to 19th century

[edit]
Part of a series on the
History of Poland
Topics
Prehistory and protohistory
Middle Ages
Piast period10th century–1385
Jagiellonian period1385–1572
Early Modern
Early elective monarchy1572–1648
Deluge and decline1648–1764
Three partitions1764–1795
Modern
Partitioned Poland1795–1918
World War I1914–1918
Second Republic1918–1939
World War II1939–1945
Communist Poland1945–1989
Contemporary
Third Republic1989–present

Timeline of Polish history

19th century

[edit]
  • 1805 – Institute of Obstetrics established based on the midwifery school[3]
  • 1807 - Town becomes part of Russia, per Peace of Tilsit;[1] and capital of the Belostok Oblast.
  • 14 February 1808 – Izabella Poniatowska-Branicka dies
  • 3 July 1812 – Napoleon's army enters the city,
  • 13 July 1812 – Declaration of the inhabitants of communication with the Commonwealth,
  • 4 August 1812 – Russian army enters the city
  • 8 August 1812 – giving a new coat of the city by Tsar Alexander I
  • 13 December 1830 – announcement of martial law by the Russian authorities in connection with the outbreak of the November Uprising,
  • 1 February 1831 – setting up headquarters in the Russian army commander, Field Marshal Hans Karl von Diebitsch, whose task was to suppress the November Uprising
  • 1834 – a ban on teaching in schools in the Polish language
  • 1842 - City becomes administratively part of the Grodno Governorate.
  • 1845 - Woollen mill built.[1]
  • 1857 - Population: 13,787.[1]
  • 15 December 1859 – Ludwik Zamenhof, the creator of the international language Esperanto, was born
  • 13 June 1860 – the beginning of a patriotic demonstration under the banner of national unity and fight against colonization,
  • 1861
    • 16 March: Prayers were held by local Poles and Jews in memory of Polish protesters massacred by the Russians in Warsaw a few weeks earlier.[8]
    • 3 May: The Russians arrested several Polish students during the celebration of the Polish 3 May Constitution Day.[9]
    • 9 June: Andrzej Artur Zamoyski, representative of the Whites, arrives in the city
  • 1862 – Opening of the Saint Petersburg–Warsaw Railway through the city
  • 24 April 1863 – the beginning of the Polish January Uprising in the Białystok area
  • 15 February 1864 - Battle of the January Uprising was fought near Białystok.[10]
  • 1877 – expanding the city limits: integrated railway station, the village of Piaski and Las Zwierzyniecki
  • 1886 – the railway line Bialystok – Vawkavysk – Baranovichi
  • 1889 - Population: 56,629.[1]
  • 1891 – Launch of the first telephone exchange
  • 1895 – launch of three lines of horse tram
  • 1897 - Population: 63,927.[11]
  • 1898 – establishment of the Volunteer Fire Department

20th century

[edit]

1901–1939

[edit]
Białystok city center around 1900
Józef Piłsudski's visit to Białystok in 1921

World War II (1939–1945)

[edit]
Soviet bombing damages in 1944
  • 1944
    • July: occupied by the Soviets
    • mass arrests of Polish resistance members by the Soviets, around 1,200 Poles placed in the local prison by 7 November.[27]
    • September: the city returned to Poland, although with a Soviet-installed communist regime, capital of the part of the Białystok Voivodeship
    • 8 November: deportation of 1,030 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to Ostashkov.[27]
    • 12 November: deportation of 1,014 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to Ostashkov.[28]
    • 24 November: deportation of 900 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to Ostashkov.[28]
    • 27 December: deportation of 790 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to Novomoskovsk (then Stalinogorsk).[28]
  • 1945 - 30 January: deportation of 1,242 arrested Poles by the Russians from the local prison to Skopin.[28]

1945–2000

[edit]
Białystok University of Technology

21st century

[edit]
Białystok city center in 2017

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

This article incorporates information from the Polish Wikipedia.

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Britannica 1910.
  2. ^ a b c George Lerski (1996). "Bialystok". Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-26007-0.
  3. ^ a b c Jacek Kusznier, Elektrycy w historii Politechniki Białostockiej, "Maszyny Elektryczne - Zeszyty Problemowe", Nr 4/2018, p. 164 (in Polish)
  4. ^ "Plejada gwiazd w nowym teatrze. Piotr Dąbrowski otwiera Komedialnię". Białystok Online (in Polish). Retrieved 31 October 2019.
  5. ^ Jacek Kusznier, Elektrycy w historii Politechniki Białostockiej, "Maszyny Elektryczne - Zeszyty Problemowe", Nr 4/2018, p. 163 (in Polish)
  6. ^ Grażyna Rogala. "Dom staromiejski". Zabytek.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  7. ^ Gembarzewski, Bronisław (1925). Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831 (in Polish). Warszawa: Towarzystwo Wiedzy Wojskowej. p. 27.
  8. ^ Katalog miejsc pamięci powstania styczniowego w województwie podlaskim (in Polish). Białystok: Towarzystwo Opieki nad Zabytkami Oddział Białystok. 2013. p. 8. ISBN 978-83-88372-50-6.
  9. ^ Katalog miejsc pamięci powstania styczniowego w województwie podlaskim, p. 9
  10. ^ Katalog miejsc pamięci powstania styczniowego w województwie podlaskim, p. 13
  11. ^ "Russia: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1898. hdl:2027/njp.32101020157267.
  12. ^ a b "Białystok". Encyclopedia of Jews in Eastern Europe. New York: Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  13. ^ Grażyna Rogala. "Zespół więzienia carskiego, ob. areszt śledczy". Zabytek.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  14. ^ "Russia: Principal Towns: European Russia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
  15. ^ a b Dworakowski, Jan (2017). "Początki harcerstwa na Białostocczyźnie (1913-1923)". In Cymbalisty, Wojciech Jan; Waczyński, Józef (eds.). Polskie tradycje niepodległościowe Choroszczy i okolic (in Polish). Rogówek: Fundacja Pole Kultury. p. 151. ISBN 978-83-949254-2-0.
  16. ^ a b Dworakowski, p. 154
  17. ^ a b c Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), "Bialystok", Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 213, OL 6112221M
  18. ^ a b Sylwia Wieczeryńska. "Wystawa "Seweryn Nowakowski – zaginiony prezydent Białegostoku" – od piątku". Dzieje.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  19. ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 55.
  20. ^ "Ryszard Kaczorowski (1919 - 2010)". Uniwersytet w Białymstoku (in Polish). Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  21. ^ a b "W Białymstoku odsłonięto pomnik przy dworcu, z którego odbywały się deportacje na Wschód". Dzieje.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 10 July 2022.
  22. ^ a b Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 216. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
  23. ^ Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 304. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
  24. ^ "Zwangsarbeitslager für Juden Bialystok". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  25. ^ Drywa, Danuta (2020). "Germanizacja dzieci i młodzieży polskiej na Pomorzu Gdańskim z uwzględnieniem roli obozu koncentracyjnego Stutthof". In Kostkiewicz, Janina (ed.). Zbrodnia bez kary... Eksterminacja i cierpienie polskich dzieci pod okupacją niemiecką (1939–1945) (in Polish). Kraków: Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Biblioteka Jagiellońska. p. 187.
  26. ^ Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 306. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
  27. ^ a b Zwolski, Marcin (2005). "Deportacje internowanych Polakow z wojewodztwa białostockiego 1944–1945". Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość (in Polish). Vol. 2, no. 8. IPN. p. 98. ISSN 1427-7476.
  28. ^ a b c d Zwolski, p. 99
  29. ^ a b "Poland: Directory". Europa World Year Book. Taylor & Francis. 2004. p. 3463+. ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8.
  30. ^ "Culture.pl". Warsaw: Adam Mickiewicz Institute. Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  31. ^ "Odsłonięto tablicę upamiętniającą solidarność białostoczan z narodem węgierskim". Radio Białystok (in Polish). 19 December 2017. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
  32. ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  33. ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Poland". Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 30 April 2015.
  34. ^ "Bialystok, otwarcie konsulatu" (in Polish). 4 March 2011. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  35. ^ "Concise Statistical Yearbook of Poland 2014". Central Statistical Office of Poland. Review Tables: Cities
  36. ^ "Najnowszy Konsulat Honorowy Finlandii otwarto w Białymstoku". Finland Abroad (in Polish). 11 July 2013. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  37. ^ "Pomnik Inki w Białymstoku". Białystok - Oficjalny Portal Miasta (in Polish). Retrieved 10 July 2022.
  38. ^ "W Białymstoku odsłonięto pomnik upamiętniający Bohaterskie Matki Sybiraczki [zdjęcia]". Radio Białystok (in Polish). Retrieved 10 July 2022.
  39. ^ "Chaczkar stanął w Białymstoku". Awedis (in Polish). No. 48. 2021. p. 2.
  40. ^ "Przy stadionie odsłonięto pomnik żołnierzy 42. Pułku Piechoty". Eska.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 10 July 2022.
  41. ^ "Otwarcie konsulatu Kazachstanu w Białymstoku". Portal Gov.pl (in Polish). 23 June 2022. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  42. ^ "Otwarcie Konsulatu Honorowego Republiki Serbii w Białymstoku". Portal Gov.pl (in Polish). 29 June 2022. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  43. ^ "Powołanie Polsko-Uzbekistańskiej Komisji historycznej". Portal Gov.pl (in Polish). 29 May 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2024.
  44. ^ "W Białymstoku powstał Konsulat Republiki Łotewskiej". Podlaskie.eu (in Polish). 23 November 2023. Retrieved 13 September 2024.

Bibliography

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